{"id":66607,"date":"2026-10-09T10:12:33","date_gmt":"2026-10-09T07:12:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/en\/?p=66607"},"modified":"2026-10-09T10:12:33","modified_gmt":"2026-10-09T07:12:33","slug":"flight-carbon-emissions-calculator","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/en\/life\/flight-carbon-emissions-calculator\/","title":{"rendered":"Flight Carbon Emissions Calculator"},"content":{"rendered":"<section class=\"not-prose calculator-box\" aria-labelledby=\"calculator-title\"><div class=\"flex items-baseline sm:items-center justify-between gap-2 sm:gap-3\"><div class=\"flex flex-col sm:flex-row sm:items-center gap-2\"><span class=\"icon icon-calculator text-primary-700! text-base! dark:text-primary-300!\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><h2 id=\"calculator-title\" class=\"text-lg font-display font-bold\">Estimate CO\u2082 Emissions for Your Flights<\/h2><\/div><div class=\"calcdash-favorite group\">\n  <button type=\"button\" class=\"favorite\" id=\"favorite\" data-favorite-id=\"66607\" data-favorite-title=\"Flight Carbon Emissions\" data-favorite-url=\"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/en\/life\/flight-carbon-emissions-calculator\/\" data-favorite-excerpt=\"Estimate the CO\u2082 emissions of any flight by entering the one-way distance, number of flights, passengers and an emission factor. Results are shown per passenger and for the whole group in kg, lb and tonnes.\" aria-label=\"Add to Favorites\" data-favorite-icon=\"icon icon-roadways\">\n    <span class=\"icon icon-shape-star-empty\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>\n  <\/button>\n  <div class=\"calcdash-favorite__tip\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n   <span class=\"favorite-tooltip\" id=\"favorite-tooltip\"><\/span>\n  <\/div>\n  <span class=\"sr-only\" role=\"status\" id=\"favorite-status\"><\/span>\n<\/div><\/div><form action=\"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/en\/life\/flight-carbon-emissions-calculator\/\" method=\"POST\" class=\"calculator\" id=\"calculator-66607\" data-post=\"66607\"><fieldset class=\"fieldset-input is-2\"><legend class=\"sr-only\">Input Fields<\/legend><div class=\"field has-term\" id=\"input-1\"><label for=\"field-1\">Flight distance (one way)<\/label><div class=\"term\">d<\/div>  <div class=\"absolute bottom-0 left-16 top-8 w-2 h-0.5 bg-blue-500\"><\/div><div class=\"field-group\"><input type=\"text\" name=\"flight_distance_one_way\" id=\"field-1\" aria-describedby=\"calc-info-1\" data-number inputmode=\"decimal\" autocomplete=\"off\" spellcheck=\"false\" placeholder=\"e.g. 5500\" min=\"0\" value=\"5500\"\/><div class=\"grid grid-cols-1\"><select id=\"field-2\" name=\"unit\" aria-label=\"Unit\"><option value=\"km\" selected>km<\/option><option value=\"mi\">miles<\/option><option value=\"nmi\">nautical miles<\/option><\/select><svg class=\"pointer-events-none col-start-1 row-start-1 mr-2 size-5 self-center justify-self-end text-gray-500 sm:size-4\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" fill=\"currentColor\" aria-hidden=\"true\" data-slot=\"icon\">\n              <path fill-rule=\"evenodd\" d=\"M4.22 6.22a.75.75 0 0 1 1.06 0L8 8.94l2.72-2.72a.75.75 0 1 1 1.06 1.06l-3.25 3.25a.75.75 0 0 1-1.06 0L4.22 7.28a.75.75 0 0 1 0-1.06Z\" clip-rule=\"evenodd\" \/>\n            <\/svg><\/div><\/div><small id=\"calc-info-1\">Distance of a single one-way flight<\/small><\/div><div class=\"field has-term\" id=\"input-2\"><label for=\"field-3\">Number of flights<\/label><div class=\"term\">n<\/div>  <div class=\"absolute bottom-0 left-16 top-8 w-2 h-0.5 bg-blue-500\"><\/div><input type=\"text\" name=\"number_of_flights\" id=\"field-3\" aria-describedby=\"calc-info-3\" data-number inputmode=\"decimal\" autocomplete=\"off\" spellcheck=\"false\" placeholder=\"e.g. 2 (return trip)\" min=\"1\" value=\"2\"\/><small id=\"calc-info-3\">A return trip counts as 2 flights<\/small><\/div><div class=\"field has-term\" id=\"input-3\"><label for=\"field-4\">Passengers<\/label><div class=\"term\">p<\/div>  <div class=\"absolute bottom-0 left-16 top-8 w-2 h-0.5 bg-blue-500\"><\/div><input type=\"text\" name=\"passengers\" id=\"field-4\" data-number inputmode=\"decimal\" autocomplete=\"off\" spellcheck=\"false\" placeholder=\"e.g. 1\" min=\"1\" value=\"1\"\/><\/div><div class=\"field is-single has-term\" id=\"input-4\"><label for=\"field-5\">Emission factor<\/label><div class=\"term\">EF<\/div>  <div class=\"absolute bottom-0 left-16 top-8 w-2 h-0.5 bg-blue-500\"><\/div><div class=\"field-group\"><input type=\"text\" name=\"emission_factor\" id=\"field-5\" aria-describedby=\"calc-info-5\" data-number inputmode=\"decimal\" autocomplete=\"off\" spellcheck=\"false\" placeholder=\"e.g. 0.15\" min=\"0\" value=\"0.15\"\/><div class=\"grid grid-cols-1\"><select id=\"field-6\" name=\"per_unit\" aria-label=\"Per unit\"><option value=\"kg_km\" selected>kg CO\u2082 \/ km<\/option><option value=\"g_km\">g CO\u2082 \/ km<\/option><option value=\"kg_mi\">kg CO\u2082 \/ mile<\/option><option value=\"lb_mi\">lb CO\u2082 \/ mile<\/option><\/select><svg class=\"pointer-events-none col-start-1 row-start-1 mr-2 size-5 self-center justify-self-end text-gray-500 sm:size-4\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" fill=\"currentColor\" aria-hidden=\"true\" data-slot=\"icon\">\n              <path fill-rule=\"evenodd\" d=\"M4.22 6.22a.75.75 0 0 1 1.06 0L8 8.94l2.72-2.72a.75.75 0 1 1 1.06 1.06l-3.25 3.25a.75.75 0 0 1-1.06 0L4.22 7.28a.75.75 0 0 1 0-1.06Z\" clip-rule=\"evenodd\" \/>\n            <\/svg><\/div><\/div><small id=\"calc-info-5\">Typical averages: \u22480.15 kg CO\u2082 per passenger-km short haul, \u22480.11 long haul, higher for business\/first class<\/small><\/div><\/fieldset><div class=\"buttons\"><button type=\"submit\" data-text=\"Re-Calculate\" id=\"calculate-button\" data-post=\"66607\">Calculate<\/button><button type=\"reset\">Reset<\/button><\/div><div class=\"field is-checkbox hidden!\" id=\"field-auto-calc\"><input type=\"checkbox\" id=\"auto-calc\"><label for=\"auto-calc\">Calculate automatically<\/label><small>If enabled, the result will update automatically when you change any value.<\/small><\/div><div class=\"fieldset-result is-hidden\" aria-labelledby=\"result-title\" aria-live=\"polite\" role=\"region\"> <h3 class=\"result-title bg-gradient-to-r from-primary-50 to-gray-50 dark:from-primary-900 dark:to-gray-800\" id=\"result-title\"><span class=\"icon icon-s-pulse\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span> Estimated Flight Emissions<\/h3><div class=\"result-box\"><div class=\"field-result\" id=\"output-1\"><span class=\"field-title\"><span>Emissions per passenger<\/span><span class=\"result-term\">pp<\/span><\/span><span class=\"field-value\" id=\"result-1\" data-unit=\"kg CO\u2082\"><\/span><button type=\"button\" class=\"copy-result\" data-tooltip=\"Copy Result\" aria-label=\"Copy Result\"><span class=\"copy-icon icon icon-document-copy\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><\/button><\/div><div class=\"field-result\" id=\"output-2\"><span class=\"field-title\"><span>Emissions per passenger<\/span><span class=\"result-term\">pp<\/span><\/span><span class=\"field-value\" id=\"result-2\" data-unit=\"lb CO\u2082\"><\/span><button type=\"button\" class=\"copy-result\" data-tooltip=\"Copy Result\" aria-label=\"Copy Result\"><span class=\"copy-icon icon icon-document-copy\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><\/button><\/div><div class=\"field-result\" id=\"output-3\"><span class=\"field-title\"><span>Emissions for the whole group<\/span><span class=\"result-term\">grp<\/span><\/span><span class=\"field-value\" id=\"result-3\" data-unit=\"kg CO\u2082\"><\/span><button type=\"button\" class=\"copy-result\" data-tooltip=\"Copy Result\" aria-label=\"Copy Result\"><span class=\"copy-icon icon icon-document-copy\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><\/button><\/div><div class=\"field-result\" id=\"output-4\"><span class=\"field-title\"><span>Emissions for the whole group<\/span><span class=\"result-term\">grp<\/span><\/span><span class=\"field-value\" id=\"result-4\" data-unit=\"t CO\u2082\"><\/span><button type=\"button\" class=\"copy-result\" data-tooltip=\"Copy Result\" aria-label=\"Copy Result\"><span class=\"copy-icon icon icon-document-copy\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><\/button><\/div><div class=\"field-result is-column\" id=\"output-5\"><span class=\"field-title\"><span>What this means<\/span><span class=\"result-term\">info<\/span><\/span><span class=\"field-value\" id=\"result-5\"><\/span><button type=\"button\" class=\"copy-result\" data-tooltip=\"Copy Result\" aria-label=\"Copy Result\"><span class=\"copy-icon icon icon-document-copy\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><\/button><\/div><\/div><div class=\"result-actions\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"copy-link\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 20 20\" fill=\"currentColor\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M12.232 4.232a2.5 2.5 0 0 1 3.536 3.536l-1.225 1.224a.75.75 0 0 0 1.061 1.06l1.224-1.224a4 4 0 0 0-5.656-5.656l-3 3a4 4 0 0 0 .225 5.865.75.75 0 0 0 .977-1.138 2.5 2.5 0 0 1-.142-3.667l3-3Z\"\/><path d=\"M11.603 7.963a.75.75 0 0 0-.977 1.138 2.5 2.5 0 0 1 .142 3.667l-3 3a2.5 2.5 0 0 1-3.536-3.536l1.225-1.224a.75.75 0 0 0-1.061-1.06l-1.224 1.224a4 4 0 1 0 5.656 5.656l3-3a4 4 0 0 0-.225-5.865Z\"\/><\/svg><span class=\"copy-link__text\">Copy link to this calculation<\/span><\/button><span class=\"sr-only\" role=\"status\" id=\"copy-link-status\"><\/span><\/div><\/div><a href=\"#respond\" class=\"hidden transition-opacity duration-300 opacity-0 w-50 text-sm justify-center items-center gap-2 px-4 py-2 rounded bg-gray-200 text-gray-700 hover:bg-gray-300\" id=\"leave-comment\"><span class=\"icon icon-comments\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Leave a Comment<\/a><\/form><\/section><section id=\"calc-reactions\" class=\"not-prose hidden my-12 bg-gradient-to-r from-primary-50 to-gray-50 border border-indigo-100 rounded-xl px-6 py-4 shadow-sm\" data-post=\"66607\" aria-live=\"polite\" aria-labelledby=\"calc-reactions-title\"><p id=\"calc-reactions-title\" class=\"text-sm text-gray-500 text-center mb-2\">How did this result make you feel?<\/p><div role=\"group\" aria-labelledby=\"calc-reactions-title\" class=\"grid grid-cols-3 sm:flex sm:flex-row sm:justify-around gap-4 sm:items-center sm:flex-wrap\"><button type=\"button\" aria-pressed=\"false\" class=\"reaction-btn flex flex-col items-center gap-1 text-sm text-gray-700 hover:text-primary-600 cursor-pointer transition-transform hover:scale-105\" data-reaction=\"like\"><span class=\"reaction-count\" data-reaction-count=\"like\">0<\/span><span class=\"reaction text-3xl\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\ud83d\ude00 <\/span><span class=\"reaction-description font-medium\">Like <\/span><\/button><button type=\"button\" aria-pressed=\"false\" class=\"reaction-btn flex flex-col items-center gap-1 text-sm text-gray-700 hover:text-primary-600 cursor-pointer transition-transform hover:scale-105\" data-reaction=\"helpful\"><span class=\"reaction-count\" data-reaction-count=\"helpful\">0<\/span><span class=\"reaction text-3xl\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\ud83d\udca1 <\/span><span class=\"reaction-description font-medium\">Helpful <\/span><\/button><button type=\"button\" aria-pressed=\"false\" class=\"reaction-btn flex flex-col items-center gap-1 text-sm text-gray-700 hover:text-primary-600 cursor-pointer transition-transform hover:scale-105\" data-reaction=\"confused\"><span class=\"reaction-count\" data-reaction-count=\"confused\">0<\/span><span class=\"reaction text-3xl\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\ud83d\ude15 <\/span><span class=\"reaction-description font-medium\">Confused <\/span><\/button><button type=\"button\" aria-pressed=\"false\" class=\"reaction-btn flex flex-col items-center gap-1 text-sm text-gray-700 hover:text-primary-600 cursor-pointer transition-transform hover:scale-105\" data-reaction=\"disappointed\"><span class=\"reaction-count\" data-reaction-count=\"disappointed\">0<\/span><span class=\"reaction text-3xl\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\ud83d\ude1e <\/span><span class=\"reaction-description font-medium\">Disappointed <\/span><\/button><button type=\"button\" aria-pressed=\"false\" class=\"reaction-btn flex flex-col items-center gap-1 text-sm text-gray-700 hover:text-primary-600 cursor-pointer transition-transform hover:scale-105\" data-reaction=\"inaccurate\"><span class=\"reaction-count\" data-reaction-count=\"inaccurate\">0<\/span><span class=\"reaction text-3xl\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\u274c <\/span><span class=\"reaction-description font-medium\">Inaccurate <\/span><\/button><\/div><div id=\"reaction-message\" class=\"hidden mt-8 rounded-md border border-primary-100 bg-white\/50 backdrop-blur-sm px-4 py-2 text-sm text-center shadow-sm\"><\/div><\/section><div class=\"calcdash-ad not-prose calcdash-ad--calc_result calcdash-ad--in-article\"><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-1721569815777345\" data-ad-slot=\"6317458308\" data-ad-layout=\"in-article\" data-ad-format=\"fluid\"><\/ins><script>(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});<\/script><\/div>\n<style id=\"wpcoderpro-inline-1\">.formula-box {\r\n\tborder-bottom: none !important;\r\n}<\/style><section class=\"formula-box\" aria-labelledby=\"formula-title\">\r\n\t<div id=\"formula-title\" class=\"not-prose font-display mb-4\"><span class=\"icon icon-formula\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><h2>Flight Carbon Emissions Formula<\/h2><\/div>\r\n\t<figure class=\"not-prose formula\">\r\n\t\t<figcaption class=\"formula-title\">Formula<\/figcaption>\r\n\t\t<div class=\"text-base text-gray-800\" id=\"formula\">\n\\[ E_{passenger} = d \\times n \\times EF \\]\n\\[ E_{group} = E_{passenger} \\times p \\]\n<\/div>\r\n\t<\/figure>\r\n\t<\/p>\n<p><strong>Where:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\\(d\\) \u2014 one-way flight distance (km)<\/li>\n<li>\\(n\\) \u2014 number of flights (a return trip counts as 2)<\/li>\n<li>\\(EF\\) \u2014 emission factor (kg CO\u2082 per passenger-km)<\/li>\n<li>\\(p\\) \u2014 number of passengers<\/li>\n<li>\\(E_{passenger}\\) \u2014 emissions per passenger (kg CO\u2082)<\/li>\n<li>\\(E_{group}\\) \u2014 emissions for the whole group (kg CO\u2082)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>The formula multiplies the distance of one flight by the number of flights and by the emission factor to get the emissions attributed to one passenger, then scales that up for the whole travelling group.<\/p>\n<p>\r\n<\/section>\n<style id=\"wpcoderpro-inline-459\">.calculation-box {\r\n\tborder-bottom: none !important;\r\n}<\/style><section id=\"calculation\" class=\"calculation-box\" aria-labelledby=\"calculation-title\">\r\n\t<div id=\"calculation-title\" class=\"not-prose font-display\"><span class=\"icon icon-unordered-list\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><h2>Flight Carbon Emissions \u2013 Calculation Example<\/h2><\/div>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\n<p><strong>Example:<\/strong> a traveller takes a return flight of 5,500 km each way (11,000 km of flying in total), travelling alone, using an emission factor of 0.15 kg CO\u2082 per passenger-km.<\/p>\n<p>\\[ E_{passenger} = 5500 \\times 2 \\times 0.15 = 1650 \\text{ kg CO}_2 \\]<\/p>\n<p>\\[ E_{group} = 1650 \\times 1 = 1650 \\text{ kg CO}_2 = 1.65 \\text{ t CO}_2 \\]<\/p>\n<p><strong>Result:<\/strong> each passenger is responsible for about 1,650 kg CO\u2082 (\u2248 3,637.6 lb), and the whole group of 1 passenger for 1,650 kg CO\u2082 \u2014 or 1.65 tonnes \u2014 in total.<\/p>\n<p>\n\r\n<\/section>\n<h2>How to use the calculator<\/h2>\n<ol>\n<li>Enter the <strong>Flight distance (one way)<\/strong> \u2014 the distance of a single flight \u2014 and pick the unit: km, miles or nautical miles.<\/li>\n<li>Enter the <strong>Number of flights<\/strong>. A return trip counts as 2, so a round journey of one trip would be entered as 2.<\/li>\n<li>Enter the number of <strong>Passengers<\/strong> travelling together.<\/li>\n<li>Enter the <strong>Emission factor<\/strong> and choose its unit (kg CO\u2082\/km, g CO\u2082\/km, kg CO\u2082\/mile or lb CO\u2082\/mile). Typical averages are about 0.15 kg CO\u2082 per passenger-km for short-haul economy flights and about 0.11 for long-haul; premium cabins can be 2\u20133\u00d7 higher.<\/li>\n<li>Read the results: emissions <strong>per passenger<\/strong> in kg and lb CO\u2082, emissions for the <strong>whole group<\/strong> in kg and tonnes, plus a plain-language summary comparing the figure to car travel and tree absorption.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2>What flight carbon emissions are and why they matter<\/h2>\n<p>Every flight burns jet fuel, releasing carbon dioxide (CO\u2082) into the atmosphere. Your personal share depends on the distance flown, how many flights you take, and how much of the aircraft's total fuel burn is attributed to your seat. That last part is what the emission factor captures: it expresses the average CO\u2082 released per passenger for every kilometre flown, based on real-world fleet data.<\/p>\n<p>Flying is one of the most carbon-intensive activities an individual can do. A single long-haul return flight can easily produce 1\u20133 tonnes of CO\u2082 per passenger \u2014 often more than a person in many countries emits from all other activities in an entire year. Because emissions at cruising altitude also have warming effects beyond CO\u2082 alone (contrails, nitrogen oxides), some estimates multiply flight CO\u2082 by a factor of 1.5\u20133 to reflect the full climate impact.<\/p>\n<p>The result tells you the estimated climate footprint of your trip. Use it to compare travel options \u2014 for example, a train or car journey over the same distance \u2014 to set a baseline before offsetting, or to add up your annual flying footprint. The per-passenger figure is the one to use for a personal carbon budget; the group figure is useful for a family, a team or a company booking several seats.<\/p>\n<h2>Assumptions, limitations and tips<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>The estimate uses a single average emission factor, so it does not model take-off and landing separately. Short flights have proportionally higher emissions per km because fuel-hungry climb phases dominate; long flights spread them out but carry more fuel weight.<\/li>\n<li>Cabin class matters a lot. Business and first-class seats take up more space and weight, so their per-passenger emissions are typically 2\u20133\u00d7 those of an economy seat. Adjust the emission factor upward if you fly premium.<\/li>\n<li>Real emissions vary with aircraft type, engines, load factor (how full the plane is), routing and weather. Treat the result as a reasonable estimate, not an exact measurement.<\/li>\n<li>This calculator counts CO\u2082 only. For a fuller climate estimate, some methodologies apply a radiative forcing multiplier of about 1.9\u00d7 to account for non-CO\u2082 effects at altitude.<\/li>\n<li>Distances are great-circle approximations; actual flight paths are usually somewhat longer. If your airline or a booking site shows the exact route distance, use that.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>If you are comparing the footprint of flying against driving the same distance, the <a href=\"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/en\/life\/road-trip-fuel-stops-calculator\/\">Road Trip Fuel Stops Calculator<\/a> and the <a href=\"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/en\/life\/ev-charging-cost-calculator\/\">EV Charging Cost Calculator<\/a> can help you plan and cost the alternative. To budget the whole journey alongside its emissions, try the <a href=\"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/en\/life\/travel-budget-calculator\/\">Travel Budget Calculator<\/a>, and if you drive part of the way, the <a href=\"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/en\/life\/mileage-reimbursement-calculator\/\">Mileage Reimbursement Calculator<\/a> helps track the distance costs.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Estimate the CO\u2082 emissions of any flight by entering the one-way distance, number of flights, passengers and an emission factor. Results are shown per passenger and for the whole group in kg, lb and tonnes.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3168,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[6],"tags":[99],"class_list":["post-66607","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-life","tag-auto-travel"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/66607","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3168"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=66607"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/66607\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":66608,"href":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/66607\/revisions\/66608"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=66607"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=66607"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=66607"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}