{"id":66742,"date":"2026-10-13T08:52:13","date_gmt":"2026-10-13T05:52:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/en\/?p=66742"},"modified":"2026-10-13T08:52:13","modified_gmt":"2026-10-13T05:52:13","slug":"wind-chill-calculator","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/en\/converters\/wind-chill-calculator\/","title":{"rendered":"Wind Chill Calculator"},"content":{"rendered":"<section class=\"not-prose calculator-box\" aria-labelledby=\"calculator-title\"><div class=\"flex items-baseline sm:items-center justify-between gap-2 sm:gap-3\"><div class=\"flex flex-col sm:flex-row sm:items-center gap-2\"><span class=\"icon icon-calculator text-primary-700! text-base! dark:text-primary-300!\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><h2 id=\"calculator-title\" class=\"text-lg font-display font-bold\">Find How Cold It Really Feels<\/h2><\/div><div class=\"calcdash-favorite group\">\n  <button type=\"button\" class=\"favorite\" id=\"favorite\" data-favorite-id=\"66742\" data-favorite-title=\"Wind Chill\" data-favorite-url=\"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/en\/converters\/wind-chill-calculator\/\" data-favorite-excerpt=\"Enter the air temperature and wind speed to find the wind chill temperature \u2014 how cold it really feels on exposed skin \u2014 plus a frostbite risk estimate. Supports \u00b0C\/\u00b0F and km\/h, mph or m\/s.\" aria-label=\"Add to Favorites\" data-favorite-icon=\"icon icon-physic\">\n    <span class=\"icon icon-shape-star-empty\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>\n  <\/button>\n  <div class=\"calcdash-favorite__tip\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n   <span class=\"favorite-tooltip\" id=\"favorite-tooltip\"><\/span>\n  <\/div>\n  <span class=\"sr-only\" role=\"status\" id=\"favorite-status\"><\/span>\n<\/div><\/div><form action=\"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/en\/converters\/wind-chill-calculator\/\" method=\"POST\" class=\"calculator\" id=\"calculator-66742\" data-post=\"66742\"><fieldset class=\"fieldset-input is-1\"><legend class=\"sr-only\">Input Fields<\/legend><div class=\"field has-term\" id=\"input-1\"><label for=\"field-1\">Air temperature (T)<\/label><div class=\"term\">T<\/div>  <div class=\"absolute bottom-0 left-16 top-8 w-2 h-0.5 bg-blue-500\"><\/div><div class=\"field-group\"><input type=\"number\" name=\"air_temperature_t\" id=\"field-1\" aria-describedby=\"calc-info-1\" placeholder=\"e.g. -5\" step=\"any\" value=\"-5\"\/><div class=\"grid grid-cols-1\"><select id=\"field-2\" name=\"unit\" aria-label=\"Unit\"><option value=\"c\" selected>\u00b0C<\/option><option value=\"f\">\u00b0F<\/option><\/select><svg class=\"pointer-events-none col-start-1 row-start-1 mr-2 size-5 self-center justify-self-end text-gray-500 sm:size-4\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" fill=\"currentColor\" aria-hidden=\"true\" data-slot=\"icon\">\n              <path fill-rule=\"evenodd\" d=\"M4.22 6.22a.75.75 0 0 1 1.06 0L8 8.94l2.72-2.72a.75.75 0 1 1 1.06 1.06l-3.25 3.25a.75.75 0 0 1-1.06 0L4.22 7.28a.75.75 0 0 1 0-1.06Z\" clip-rule=\"evenodd\" \/>\n            <\/svg><\/div><\/div><small id=\"calc-info-1\">The formula applies to temperatures of 10 \u00b0C (50 \u00b0F) and below.<\/small><\/div><div class=\"field has-term\" id=\"input-2\"><label for=\"field-3\">Wind speed (V)<\/label><div class=\"term\">V<\/div>  <div class=\"absolute bottom-0 left-16 top-8 w-2 h-0.5 bg-blue-500\"><\/div><div class=\"field-group\"><input type=\"text\" name=\"wind_speed_v\" id=\"field-3\" aria-describedby=\"calc-info-3\" data-number inputmode=\"decimal\" autocomplete=\"off\" spellcheck=\"false\" placeholder=\"e.g. 20\" min=\"0\" value=\"20\"\/><div class=\"grid grid-cols-1\"><select id=\"field-4\" name=\"unit\" aria-label=\"Unit\"><option value=\"kmh\" selected>km\/h<\/option><option value=\"mph\">mph<\/option><option value=\"ms\">m\/s<\/option><\/select><svg class=\"pointer-events-none col-start-1 row-start-1 mr-2 size-5 self-center justify-self-end text-gray-500 sm:size-4\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" fill=\"currentColor\" aria-hidden=\"true\" data-slot=\"icon\">\n              <path fill-rule=\"evenodd\" d=\"M4.22 6.22a.75.75 0 0 1 1.06 0L8 8.94l2.72-2.72a.75.75 0 1 1 1.06 1.06l-3.25 3.25a.75.75 0 0 1-1.06 0L4.22 7.28a.75.75 0 0 1 0-1.06Z\" clip-rule=\"evenodd\" \/>\n            <\/svg><\/div><\/div><small id=\"calc-info-3\">Measured 10 m above the ground. The formula applies to speeds of 4.8 km\/h (3 mph \/ 1.3 m\/s) and above.<\/small><\/div><\/fieldset><div class=\"buttons\"><button type=\"submit\" data-text=\"Re-Calculate\" id=\"calculate-button\" data-post=\"66742\">Calculate<\/button><button type=\"reset\">Reset<\/button><\/div><div class=\"field is-checkbox hidden!\" id=\"field-auto-calc\"><input type=\"checkbox\" id=\"auto-calc\"><label for=\"auto-calc\">Calculate automatically<\/label><small>If enabled, the result will update automatically when you change any value.<\/small><\/div><div class=\"fieldset-result is-hidden\" aria-labelledby=\"result-title\" aria-live=\"polite\" role=\"region\"> <h3 class=\"result-title bg-gradient-to-r from-primary-50 to-gray-50 dark:from-primary-900 dark:to-gray-800\" id=\"result-title\"><span class=\"icon icon-s-pulse\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span> Wind Chill Results<\/h3><div class=\"result-box\"><div class=\"field-result is-column\" id=\"output-1\"><span class=\"field-title\"><span>Wind chill temperature<\/span><span class=\"result-term\">T_wc<\/span><\/span><span class=\"field-value\" id=\"result-1\"><\/span><button type=\"button\" class=\"copy-result\" data-tooltip=\"Copy Result\" aria-label=\"Copy Result\"><span class=\"copy-icon icon icon-document-copy\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><\/button><\/div><div class=\"field-result is-column\" id=\"output-2\"><span class=\"field-title\"><span>Details, validity check and frostbite risk<\/span><\/span><span class=\"field-value\" id=\"result-2\"><\/span><button type=\"button\" class=\"copy-result\" data-tooltip=\"Copy Result\" aria-label=\"Copy Result\"><span class=\"copy-icon icon icon-document-copy\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><\/button><\/div><\/div><div class=\"result-actions\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"copy-link\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 20 20\" fill=\"currentColor\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M12.232 4.232a2.5 2.5 0 0 1 3.536 3.536l-1.225 1.224a.75.75 0 0 0 1.061 1.06l1.224-1.224a4 4 0 0 0-5.656-5.656l-3 3a4 4 0 0 0 .225 5.865.75.75 0 0 0 .977-1.138 2.5 2.5 0 0 1-.142-3.667l3-3Z\"\/><path d=\"M11.603 7.963a.75.75 0 0 0-.977 1.138 2.5 2.5 0 0 1 .142 3.667l-3 3a2.5 2.5 0 0 1-3.536-3.536l1.225-1.224a.75.75 0 0 0-1.061-1.06l-1.224 1.224a4 4 0 1 0 5.656 5.656l3-3a4 4 0 0 0-.225-5.865Z\"\/><\/svg><span class=\"copy-link__text\">Copy link to this calculation<\/span><\/button><span class=\"sr-only\" role=\"status\" id=\"copy-link-status\"><\/span><\/div><\/div><a href=\"#respond\" class=\"hidden transition-opacity duration-300 opacity-0 w-50 text-sm justify-center items-center gap-2 px-4 py-2 rounded bg-gray-200 text-gray-700 hover:bg-gray-300\" id=\"leave-comment\"><span class=\"icon icon-comments\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Leave a Comment<\/a><\/form><\/section><section id=\"calc-reactions\" class=\"not-prose hidden my-12 bg-gradient-to-r from-primary-50 to-gray-50 border border-indigo-100 rounded-xl px-6 py-4 shadow-sm\" data-post=\"66742\" aria-live=\"polite\" aria-labelledby=\"calc-reactions-title\"><p id=\"calc-reactions-title\" class=\"text-sm text-gray-500 text-center mb-2\">How did this result make you feel?<\/p><div role=\"group\" aria-labelledby=\"calc-reactions-title\" class=\"grid grid-cols-3 sm:flex sm:flex-row sm:justify-around gap-4 sm:items-center sm:flex-wrap\"><button type=\"button\" aria-pressed=\"false\" class=\"reaction-btn flex flex-col items-center gap-1 text-sm text-gray-700 hover:text-primary-600 cursor-pointer transition-transform hover:scale-105\" data-reaction=\"like\"><span class=\"reaction-count\" data-reaction-count=\"like\">0<\/span><span class=\"reaction text-3xl\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\ud83d\ude00 <\/span><span class=\"reaction-description font-medium\">Like <\/span><\/button><button type=\"button\" aria-pressed=\"false\" class=\"reaction-btn flex flex-col items-center gap-1 text-sm text-gray-700 hover:text-primary-600 cursor-pointer transition-transform hover:scale-105\" data-reaction=\"helpful\"><span class=\"reaction-count\" data-reaction-count=\"helpful\">0<\/span><span class=\"reaction text-3xl\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\ud83d\udca1 <\/span><span class=\"reaction-description font-medium\">Helpful <\/span><\/button><button type=\"button\" aria-pressed=\"false\" class=\"reaction-btn flex flex-col items-center gap-1 text-sm text-gray-700 hover:text-primary-600 cursor-pointer transition-transform hover:scale-105\" data-reaction=\"confused\"><span class=\"reaction-count\" data-reaction-count=\"confused\">0<\/span><span class=\"reaction text-3xl\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\ud83d\ude15 <\/span><span class=\"reaction-description font-medium\">Confused <\/span><\/button><button type=\"button\" aria-pressed=\"false\" class=\"reaction-btn flex flex-col items-center gap-1 text-sm text-gray-700 hover:text-primary-600 cursor-pointer transition-transform hover:scale-105\" data-reaction=\"disappointed\"><span class=\"reaction-count\" data-reaction-count=\"disappointed\">0<\/span><span class=\"reaction text-3xl\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\ud83d\ude1e <\/span><span class=\"reaction-description font-medium\">Disappointed <\/span><\/button><button type=\"button\" aria-pressed=\"false\" class=\"reaction-btn flex flex-col items-center gap-1 text-sm text-gray-700 hover:text-primary-600 cursor-pointer transition-transform hover:scale-105\" data-reaction=\"inaccurate\"><span class=\"reaction-count\" data-reaction-count=\"inaccurate\">0<\/span><span class=\"reaction text-3xl\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\u274c <\/span><span class=\"reaction-description font-medium\">Inaccurate <\/span><\/button><\/div><div id=\"reaction-message\" class=\"hidden mt-8 rounded-md border border-primary-100 bg-white\/50 backdrop-blur-sm px-4 py-2 text-sm text-center shadow-sm\"><\/div><\/section><div class=\"calcdash-ad not-prose calcdash-ad--calc_result calcdash-ad--in-article\"><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-1721569815777345\" data-ad-slot=\"6317458308\" data-ad-layout=\"in-article\" data-ad-format=\"fluid\"><\/ins><script>(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});<\/script><\/div>\n<style id=\"wpcoderpro-inline-1\">.formula-box {\r\n\tborder-bottom: none !important;\r\n}<\/style><section class=\"formula-box\" aria-labelledby=\"formula-title\">\r\n\t<div id=\"formula-title\" class=\"not-prose font-display mb-4\"><span class=\"icon icon-formula\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><h2>Wind Chill Formula<\/h2><\/div>\r\n\t<figure class=\"not-prose formula\">\r\n\t\t<figcaption class=\"formula-title\">Formula<\/figcaption>\r\n\t\t<div class=\"text-base text-gray-800\" id=\"formula\">\n\\[ T_{wc} = 13.12 + 0.6215\\,T - 11.37\\,V^{0.16} + 0.3965\\,T\\,V^{0.16} \\]\n<\/div>\r\n\t<\/figure>\r\n\t<\/p>\n<p><strong>Where:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\\(T_{wc}\\) \u2014 wind chill temperature, the perceived temperature in \u00b0C<\/li>\n<li>\\(T\\) \u2014 air temperature in \u00b0C<\/li>\n<li>\\(V\\) \u2014 wind speed in km\/h, measured 10 m above the ground<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>This is the joint Environment Canada and US National Weather Service formula adopted in 2001. It combines temperature and wind speed into a single \"feels like\" value that estimates how quickly exposed skin loses heat. The fractional exponent \\(V^{0.16}\\) reflects the fact that the cooling effect of wind rises steeply at first, then levels off as the wind gets stronger.<\/p>\n<p>\r\n<\/section>\n<style id=\"wpcoderpro-inline-459\">.calculation-box {\r\n\tborder-bottom: none !important;\r\n}<\/style><section id=\"calculation\" class=\"calculation-box\" aria-labelledby=\"calculation-title\">\r\n\t<div id=\"calculation-title\" class=\"not-prose font-display\"><span class=\"icon icon-unordered-list\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><h2>Wind Chill \u2013 Calculation Example<\/h2><\/div>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\n<p><strong>Example:<\/strong> the air temperature is \\(-5\\) \u00b0C and the wind blows at 20 km\/h \u2014 a typical cold winter day. How cold does it feel?<\/p>\n<p>\\[ V^{0.16} = 20^{0.16} \\approx 1.6150 \\]<\/p>\n<p>\\[ T_{wc} = 13.12 + 0.6215 \\cdot (-5) - 11.37 \\cdot 1.6150 + 0.3965 \\cdot (-5) \\cdot 1.6150 \\]<\/p>\n<p>\\[ T_{wc} = 13.12 - 3.108 - 18.363 - 3.202 \\approx -11.55\\ \\text{\u00b0C} \\]<\/p>\n<p><strong>Result:<\/strong> it feels like about \\(-11.6\\) \u00b0C (11.2 \u00b0F) \u2014 roughly 6.5 \u00b0C colder than the thermometer reads. At this level, exposed skin may feel cold and uncomfortable, so cover up.<\/p>\n<p>\n\r\n<\/section>\n<h2>How to use the calculator<\/h2>\n<ol>\n<li>Enter the <strong>Air temperature (T)<\/strong> and choose the unit \u2014 \u00b0C or \u00b0F.<\/li>\n<li>Enter the <strong>Wind speed (V)<\/strong> and select its unit: km\/h, mph or m\/s. Use the speed measured or forecast at the standard 10 m height (a normal weather-report value).<\/li>\n<li>Read the <strong>Wind chill temperature<\/strong> \u2014 the \"feels like\" value in both \u00b0C and \u00b0F, together with the difference from the actual air temperature and a frostbite risk assessment.<\/li>\n<li>Check the details panel below the result: it shows the formula applied to your numbers and flags any validity issues (see the notes below).<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2>What is wind chill and why it matters<\/h2>\n<p>Wind chill is not a different temperature in the air \u2014 it is a measure of how fast your body loses heat. In calm conditions, your skin warms a thin cushion of air around it. Wind strips this layer away, so heat is carried off faster, and the colder it feels. The wind chill temperature answers the question: \"at this temperature and wind, how cold does it feel equivalent to on a calm day?\" A \\(-5\\) \u00b0C day with a 20 km\/h wind feels to your skin like a calm day at about \\(-11.6\\) \u00b0C.<\/p>\n<p>The practical importance is frostbite and hypothermia prevention. The result panel includes a risk category based on the US National Weather Service wind chill scale. For example, a wind chill between \\(-28\\) and \\(-39\\) \u00b0C means frostbite is possible on exposed skin in 10 to 30 minutes; below \\(-48\\) \u00b0C the window shrinks to 5 to 10 minutes. Schools, outdoor workers and event organizers often use these thresholds to decide whether activities should be cancelled or shortened.<\/p>\n<p>Two things worth remembering when interpreting the result. First, wind chill applies to exposed skin, not to a person dressed properly or to inanimate objects \u2014 a car engine or water pipe cools only to the actual air temperature, no faster. Second, the calculation assumes cloudy or shaded conditions: bright sunshine can raise the perceived temperature by roughly 10 \u00b0C (18 \u00b0F), so a sunny \\(-5\\) \u00b0C day with wind may feel noticeably milder than the calculator indicates.<\/p>\n<h2>Assumptions, limitations and tips<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Valid temperature range:<\/strong> the formula is calibrated for air temperatures of 10 \u00b0C (50 \u00b0F) and below. Above that it is not meaningful \u2014 in warm weather, use heat-index style measures instead.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Valid wind range:<\/strong> the formula applies to wind speeds above 4.8 km\/h (3 mph \/ 1.3 m\/s). Below this threshold, the calculator takes the wind chill to equal the air temperature, since light wind barely increases heat loss.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Anemometer height:<\/strong> wind speed should be the standard value measured 10 m above the ground. Wind at street level between buildings can be stronger or gustier than the reported value.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Individual factors:<\/strong> the result models an average adult face walking into the wind. Age, fitness, clothing, body fat and whether you are sweating all shift your personal comfort and risk.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Unit conversions:<\/strong> the calculator converts \u00b0F, mph and m\/s internally. If you need to check or convert speeds yourself for other purposes, the <a href=\"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/en\/converters\/speed-units-converter\/\">speed unit converter<\/a> handles km\/h, mph, m\/s and more; the <a href=\"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/en\/converters\/mpg-to-l-100km-fuel-economy-converter\/\">fuel economy converter<\/a> covers related mph-based unit conversions.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Reference: frostbite risk by wind chill<\/h2>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Wind chill (\u00b0C)<\/th>\n<th>Risk level and guidance<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>0 to \u22129<\/td>\n<td>Low risk \u2014 dress warmly, no unusual protection needed<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u221210 to \u221227<\/td>\n<td>Slight risk \u2014 exposed skin may feel cold and uncomfortable; cover up<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u221228 to \u221239<\/td>\n<td>Increasing risk \u2014 frostbite possible in 10 to 30 minutes on exposed skin<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u221240 to \u221248<\/td>\n<td>High risk \u2014 frostbite possible in 5 to 10 minutes<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u221249 to \u221255<\/td>\n<td>Very high risk \u2014 frostbite possible in 2 to 5 minutes<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Below \u221255<\/td>\n<td>Extreme risk \u2014 frostbite possible in under 2 minutes; avoid exposure<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>Whenever the risk reaches the \"increasing\" level or worse, limit time outdoors, keep skin covered, and watch companions \u2014 especially children and older adults \u2014 for signs of numbness or waxy, pale skin, which are early frostbite warning signs.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Enter the air temperature and wind speed to find the wind chill temperature \u2014 how cold it really feels on exposed skin \u2014 plus a frostbite risk estimate. Supports \u00b0C\/\u00b0F and km\/h, mph or m\/s.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3168,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[34],"class_list":["post-66742","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-converters","tag-physics-units"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/66742","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3168"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=66742"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/66742\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":66743,"href":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/66742\/revisions\/66743"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=66742"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=66742"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=66742"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}