{"id":1988,"date":"2026-10-07T06:39:56","date_gmt":"2026-10-07T05:39:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/pl\/chemia\/kalkulator-stalej-rownowagi\/"},"modified":"2026-10-07T06:39:56","modified_gmt":"2026-10-07T05:39:56","slug":"kalkulator-stalej-rownowagi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/pl\/chemia\/kalkulator-stalej-rownowagi\/","title":{"rendered":"Kalkulator sta\u0142ej r\u00f3wnowagi"},"content":{"rendered":"<section class=\"not-prose calculator-box\" aria-labelledby=\"calculator-title\"><div class=\"flex items-baseline sm:items-center justify-between gap-2 sm:gap-3\"><div class=\"flex flex-col sm:flex-row sm:items-center gap-2\"><span class=\"icon icon-calculator text-primary-700! text-base! dark:text-primary-300!\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><h2 id=\"calculator-title\" class=\"text-lg font-display font-bold\">Oblicz Kc na podstawie st\u0119\u017ce\u0144 r\u00f3wnowagowych<\/h2><\/div><div class=\"calcdash-favorite group\">\n  <button type=\"button\" class=\"favorite\" id=\"favorite\" data-favorite-id=\"1988\" data-favorite-title=\"Sta\u0142a r\u00f3wnowagi\" data-favorite-url=\"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/pl\/chemia\/kalkulator-stalej-rownowagi\/\" data-favorite-excerpt=\"Oblicz sta\u0142\u0105 r\u00f3wnowagi Kc na podstawie st\u0119\u017ce\u0144 r\u00f3wnowagowych reagent\u00f3w i produkt\u00f3w. Wprowad\u017a wsp\u00f3\u0142czynniki stechiometryczne oraz st\u0119\u017cenia z zbilansowanego r\u00f3wnania, aby uzyska\u0107 Kc, 1\/Kc oraz informacj\u0119, czy reakcja sprzyja produktom, czy reagentom.\" aria-label=\"Dodaj do ulubionych\" data-favorite-icon=\"icon icon-chemistry-1\">\n    <span class=\"icon icon-shape-star-empty\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>\n  <\/button>\n  <div class=\"calcdash-favorite__tip\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n   <span class=\"favorite-tooltip\" id=\"favorite-tooltip\"><\/span>\n  <\/div>\n  <span class=\"sr-only\" role=\"status\" id=\"favorite-status\"><\/span>\n<\/div><\/div><form action=\"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/pl\/chemia\/kalkulator-stalej-rownowagi\/\" method=\"POST\" class=\"calculator\" id=\"calculator-1988\" data-post=\"1988\"><fieldset class=\"fieldset-input is-1\"><legend class=\"sr-only\">Pola danych<\/legend><div class=\"field\" id=\"input-1\"><label for=\"field-1\">Liczba substrat\u00f3w<\/label><div class=\"grid grid-cols-1\"><select id=\"field-1\" name=\"liczba_substratw\"><option value=\"r1\">1 substrat<\/option><option value=\"r2\" selected>2 substraty<\/option><\/select><svg class=\"pointer-events-none col-start-1 row-start-1 mr-2 size-5 self-center justify-self-end text-gray-500 sm:size-4\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" fill=\"currentColor\" aria-hidden=\"true\" data-slot=\"icon\">\n              <path fill-rule=\"evenodd\" d=\"M4.22 6.22a.75.75 0 0 1 1.06 0L8 8.94l2.72-2.72a.75.75 0 1 1 1.06 1.06l-3.25 3.25a.75.75 0 0 1-1.06 0L4.22 7.28a.75.75 0 0 1 0-1.06Z\" clip-rule=\"evenodd\" \/>\n            <\/svg><\/div><\/div><div class=\"field\" id=\"input-2\"><label for=\"field-2\">Liczba produkt\u00f3w<\/label><div class=\"grid grid-cols-1\"><select id=\"field-2\" name=\"liczba_produktw\"><option value=\"p1\">1 produkt<\/option><option value=\"p2\" selected>2 produkty<\/option><\/select><svg class=\"pointer-events-none col-start-1 row-start-1 mr-2 size-5 self-center justify-self-end text-gray-500 sm:size-4\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" fill=\"currentColor\" aria-hidden=\"true\" data-slot=\"icon\">\n              <path fill-rule=\"evenodd\" d=\"M4.22 6.22a.75.75 0 0 1 1.06 0L8 8.94l2.72-2.72a.75.75 0 1 1 1.06 1.06l-3.25 3.25a.75.75 0 0 1-1.06 0L4.22 7.28a.75.75 0 0 1 0-1.06Z\" clip-rule=\"evenodd\" \/>\n            <\/svg><\/div><\/div><div class=\"is-single field\" id=\"input-3\"><span class=\"font-semibold\">Substraty (a A + b B \u21cc)<\/span><\/div><div class=\"field has-term\" id=\"input-4\"><label for=\"field-4\">Wsp\u00f3\u0142czynnik przy A (a)<\/label><div class=\"term\">a<\/div>  <div class=\"absolute bottom-0 left-16 top-8 w-2 h-0.5 bg-blue-500\"><\/div><input type=\"text\" name=\"wspczynnik_przy_a_a\" id=\"field-4\" aria-describedby=\"calc-info-4\" data-number inputmode=\"decimal\" autocomplete=\"off\" spellcheck=\"false\" placeholder=\"e.g. 1\" min=\"1\" value=\"1\"\/><small id=\"calc-info-4\">Wsp\u00f3\u0142czynnik stechiometryczny z r\u00f3wnania reakcji<\/small><\/div><div class=\"field has-term\" id=\"input-5\"><label for=\"field-5\">St\u0119\u017cenie A [A]<\/label><div class=\"term\">[A]<\/div>  <div class=\"absolute bottom-0 left-16 top-8 w-2 h-0.5 bg-blue-500\"><\/div><div class=\"field-group\"><input type=\"text\" name=\"stenie_a_a\" id=\"field-5\" aria-describedby=\"calc-info-5\" data-number inputmode=\"decimal\" autocomplete=\"off\" spellcheck=\"false\" placeholder=\"e.g. 0.5\" min=\"0\" value=\"0.5\"\/><div class=\"grid grid-cols-1\"><select id=\"field-6\" name=\"jednostka\" aria-label=\"Jednostka\"><option value=\"mol_l\" selected>mol\/L<\/option><option value=\"mmol_l\">mmol\/L<\/option><\/select><svg class=\"pointer-events-none col-start-1 row-start-1 mr-2 size-5 self-center justify-self-end text-gray-500 sm:size-4\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" fill=\"currentColor\" aria-hidden=\"true\" data-slot=\"icon\">\n              <path fill-rule=\"evenodd\" d=\"M4.22 6.22a.75.75 0 0 1 1.06 0L8 8.94l2.72-2.72a.75.75 0 1 1 1.06 1.06l-3.25 3.25a.75.75 0 0 1-1.06 0L4.22 7.28a.75.75 0 0 1 0-1.06Z\" clip-rule=\"evenodd\" \/>\n            <\/svg><\/div><\/div><small id=\"calc-info-5\">St\u0119\u017cenie r\u00f3wnowagowe substratu A<\/small><\/div><div class=\"field has-term\" id=\"input-6\" hidden><label for=\"field-7\">Wsp\u00f3\u0142czynnik przy B (b)<\/label><div class=\"term\">b<\/div>  <div class=\"absolute bottom-0 left-16 top-8 w-2 h-0.5 bg-blue-500\"><\/div><input type=\"text\" name=\"wspczynnik_przy_b_b\" id=\"field-7\" aria-describedby=\"calc-info-7\" data-number inputmode=\"decimal\" autocomplete=\"off\" spellcheck=\"false\" placeholder=\"e.g. 1\" min=\"1\" value=\"1\"\/><small id=\"calc-info-7\">Wsp\u00f3\u0142czynnik stechiometryczny z r\u00f3wnania reakcji<\/small><\/div><div class=\"field has-term\" id=\"input-7\" hidden><label for=\"field-8\">St\u0119\u017cenie B [B]<\/label><div class=\"term\">[B]<\/div>  <div class=\"absolute bottom-0 left-16 top-8 w-2 h-0.5 bg-blue-500\"><\/div><div class=\"field-group\"><input type=\"text\" name=\"stenie_b_b\" id=\"field-8\" aria-describedby=\"calc-info-8\" data-number inputmode=\"decimal\" autocomplete=\"off\" spellcheck=\"false\" placeholder=\"e.g. 0.3\" min=\"0\" value=\"0.3\"\/><div class=\"grid grid-cols-1\"><select id=\"field-9\" name=\"jednostka\" aria-label=\"Jednostka\"><option value=\"mol_l\" selected>mol\/L<\/option><option value=\"mmol_l\">mmol\/L<\/option><\/select><svg class=\"pointer-events-none col-start-1 row-start-1 mr-2 size-5 self-center justify-self-end text-gray-500 sm:size-4\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" fill=\"currentColor\" aria-hidden=\"true\" data-slot=\"icon\">\n              <path fill-rule=\"evenodd\" d=\"M4.22 6.22a.75.75 0 0 1 1.06 0L8 8.94l2.72-2.72a.75.75 0 1 1 1.06 1.06l-3.25 3.25a.75.75 0 0 1-1.06 0L4.22 7.28a.75.75 0 0 1 0-1.06Z\" clip-rule=\"evenodd\" \/>\n            <\/svg><\/div><\/div><small id=\"calc-info-8\">St\u0119\u017cenie r\u00f3wnowagowe substratu B<\/small><\/div><div class=\"is-single field\" id=\"input-8\"><span class=\"font-semibold\">Produkty (\u21cc c C + d D)<\/span><\/div><div class=\"field has-term\" id=\"input-9\"><label for=\"field-11\">Wsp\u00f3\u0142czynnik przy C (c)<\/label><div class=\"term\">c<\/div>  <div class=\"absolute bottom-0 left-16 top-8 w-2 h-0.5 bg-blue-500\"><\/div><input type=\"text\" name=\"wspczynnik_przy_c_c\" id=\"field-11\" aria-describedby=\"calc-info-11\" data-number inputmode=\"decimal\" autocomplete=\"off\" spellcheck=\"false\" placeholder=\"e.g. 1\" min=\"1\" value=\"1\"\/><small id=\"calc-info-11\">Wsp\u00f3\u0142czynnik stechiometryczny z r\u00f3wnania reakcji<\/small><\/div><div class=\"field has-term\" id=\"input-10\"><label for=\"field-12\">St\u0119\u017cenie C [C]<\/label><div class=\"term\">[C]<\/div>  <div class=\"absolute bottom-0 left-16 top-8 w-2 h-0.5 bg-blue-500\"><\/div><div class=\"field-group\"><input type=\"text\" name=\"stenie_c_c\" id=\"field-12\" aria-describedby=\"calc-info-12\" data-number inputmode=\"decimal\" autocomplete=\"off\" spellcheck=\"false\" placeholder=\"e.g. 0.4\" min=\"0\" value=\"0.4\"\/><div class=\"grid grid-cols-1\"><select id=\"field-13\" name=\"jednostka\" aria-label=\"Jednostka\"><option value=\"mol_l\" selected>mol\/L<\/option><option value=\"mmol_l\">mmol\/L<\/option><\/select><svg class=\"pointer-events-none col-start-1 row-start-1 mr-2 size-5 self-center justify-self-end text-gray-500 sm:size-4\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" fill=\"currentColor\" aria-hidden=\"true\" data-slot=\"icon\">\n              <path fill-rule=\"evenodd\" d=\"M4.22 6.22a.75.75 0 0 1 1.06 0L8 8.94l2.72-2.72a.75.75 0 1 1 1.06 1.06l-3.25 3.25a.75.75 0 0 1-1.06 0L4.22 7.28a.75.75 0 0 1 0-1.06Z\" clip-rule=\"evenodd\" \/>\n            <\/svg><\/div><\/div><small id=\"calc-info-12\">St\u0119\u017cenie r\u00f3wnowagowe produktu C<\/small><\/div><div class=\"field has-term\" id=\"input-11\" hidden><label for=\"field-14\">Wsp\u00f3\u0142czynnik przy D (d)<\/label><div class=\"term\">d<\/div>  <div class=\"absolute bottom-0 left-16 top-8 w-2 h-0.5 bg-blue-500\"><\/div><input type=\"text\" name=\"wspczynnik_przy_d_d\" id=\"field-14\" aria-describedby=\"calc-info-14\" data-number inputmode=\"decimal\" autocomplete=\"off\" spellcheck=\"false\" placeholder=\"e.g. 1\" min=\"1\" value=\"1\"\/><small id=\"calc-info-14\">Wsp\u00f3\u0142czynnik stechiometryczny z r\u00f3wnania reakcji<\/small><\/div><div class=\"field has-term\" id=\"input-12\" hidden><label for=\"field-15\">St\u0119\u017cenie D [D]<\/label><div class=\"term\">[D]<\/div>  <div class=\"absolute bottom-0 left-16 top-8 w-2 h-0.5 bg-blue-500\"><\/div><div class=\"field-group\"><input type=\"text\" name=\"stenie_d_d\" id=\"field-15\" aria-describedby=\"calc-info-15\" data-number inputmode=\"decimal\" autocomplete=\"off\" spellcheck=\"false\" placeholder=\"e.g. 0.2\" min=\"0\" value=\"0.2\"\/><div class=\"grid grid-cols-1\"><select id=\"field-16\" name=\"jednostka\" aria-label=\"Jednostka\"><option value=\"mol_l\" selected>mol\/L<\/option><option value=\"mmol_l\">mmol\/L<\/option><\/select><svg class=\"pointer-events-none col-start-1 row-start-1 mr-2 size-5 self-center justify-self-end text-gray-500 sm:size-4\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" fill=\"currentColor\" aria-hidden=\"true\" data-slot=\"icon\">\n              <path fill-rule=\"evenodd\" d=\"M4.22 6.22a.75.75 0 0 1 1.06 0L8 8.94l2.72-2.72a.75.75 0 1 1 1.06 1.06l-3.25 3.25a.75.75 0 0 1-1.06 0L4.22 7.28a.75.75 0 0 1 0-1.06Z\" clip-rule=\"evenodd\" \/>\n            <\/svg><\/div><\/div><small id=\"calc-info-15\">St\u0119\u017cenie r\u00f3wnowagowe produktu D<\/small><\/div><\/fieldset><div class=\"buttons\"><button type=\"submit\" data-text=\"Przelicz ponownie\" id=\"calculate-button\" data-post=\"1988\">Oblicz<\/button><button type=\"reset\">Wyczy\u015b\u0107<\/button><\/div><div class=\"field is-checkbox hidden!\" id=\"field-auto-calc\"><input type=\"checkbox\" id=\"auto-calc\"><label for=\"auto-calc\">Obliczaj automatycznie<\/label><small>Po w\u0142\u0105czeniu wynik aktualizuje si\u0119 automatycznie po zmianie dowolnej warto\u015bci.<\/small><\/div><div class=\"fieldset-result is-hidden\" aria-labelledby=\"result-title\" aria-live=\"polite\" role=\"region\"> <h3 class=\"result-title bg-gradient-to-r from-primary-50 to-gray-50 dark:from-primary-900 dark:to-gray-800\" id=\"result-title\"><span class=\"icon icon-s-pulse\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span> Wyniki oblicze\u0144 sta\u0142ej r\u00f3wnowagi<\/h3><div class=\"result-box\"><div class=\"field-result\" id=\"output-1\"><span class=\"field-title\"><span>St\u0119\u017ceniowa sta\u0142a r\u00f3wnowagi<\/span><span class=\"result-term\">Kc<\/span><\/span><span class=\"field-value\" id=\"result-1\"><\/span><button type=\"button\" class=\"copy-result\" data-tooltip=\"Kopiuj wynik\" aria-label=\"Kopiuj wynik\"><span class=\"copy-icon icon icon-document-copy\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><\/button><\/div><div class=\"field-result\" id=\"output-2\"><span class=\"field-title\"><span>Sta\u0142a r\u00f3wnowagi reakcji odwrotnej<\/span><span class=\"result-term\">1\/Kc<\/span><\/span><span class=\"field-value\" id=\"result-2\"><\/span><button type=\"button\" class=\"copy-result\" data-tooltip=\"Kopiuj wynik\" aria-label=\"Kopiuj wynik\"><span class=\"copy-icon icon icon-document-copy\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><\/button><\/div><div class=\"field-result is-column\" id=\"output-3\"><span class=\"field-title\"><span>Po\u0142o\u017cenie r\u00f3wnowagi<\/span><\/span><span class=\"field-value\" id=\"result-3\"><\/span><button type=\"button\" class=\"copy-result\" data-tooltip=\"Kopiuj wynik\" aria-label=\"Kopiuj wynik\"><span class=\"copy-icon icon icon-document-copy\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><\/button><\/div><\/div><div class=\"result-actions\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"copy-link\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 20 20\" fill=\"currentColor\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M12.232 4.232a2.5 2.5 0 0 1 3.536 3.536l-1.225 1.224a.75.75 0 0 0 1.061 1.06l1.224-1.224a4 4 0 0 0-5.656-5.656l-3 3a4 4 0 0 0 .225 5.865.75.75 0 0 0 .977-1.138 2.5 2.5 0 0 1-.142-3.667l3-3Z\"\/><path d=\"M11.603 7.963a.75.75 0 0 0-.977 1.138 2.5 2.5 0 0 1 .142 3.667l-3 3a2.5 2.5 0 0 1-3.536-3.536l1.225-1.224a.75.75 0 0 0-1.061-1.06l-1.224 1.224a4 4 0 1 0 5.656 5.656l3-3a4 4 0 0 0-.225-5.865Z\"\/><\/svg><span class=\"copy-link__text\">Kopiuj link do tego obliczenia<\/span><\/button><span class=\"sr-only\" role=\"status\" id=\"copy-link-status\"><\/span><\/div><\/div><a href=\"#respond\" class=\"hidden transition-opacity duration-300 opacity-0 w-50 text-sm justify-center items-center gap-2 px-4 py-2 rounded bg-gray-200 text-gray-700 hover:bg-gray-300\" id=\"leave-comment\"><span class=\"icon icon-comments\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Zostaw komentarz<\/a><\/form><\/section><section id=\"calc-reactions\" class=\"not-prose hidden my-12 bg-gradient-to-r from-primary-50 to-gray-50 border border-indigo-100 rounded-xl px-6 py-4 shadow-sm\" data-post=\"1988\" aria-live=\"polite\" aria-labelledby=\"calc-reactions-title\"><p id=\"calc-reactions-title\" class=\"text-sm text-gray-500 text-center mb-2\">Jak oceniasz ten wynik?<\/p><div role=\"group\" aria-labelledby=\"calc-reactions-title\" class=\"grid grid-cols-3 sm:flex sm:flex-row sm:justify-around gap-4 sm:items-center sm:flex-wrap\"><button type=\"button\" aria-pressed=\"false\" class=\"reaction-btn flex flex-col items-center gap-1 text-sm text-gray-700 hover:text-primary-600 cursor-pointer transition-transform hover:scale-105\" data-reaction=\"like\"><span class=\"reaction-count\" data-reaction-count=\"like\">0<\/span><span class=\"reaction text-3xl\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\ud83d\ude00 <\/span><span class=\"reaction-description font-medium\">Lubi\u0119 to <\/span><\/button><button type=\"button\" aria-pressed=\"false\" class=\"reaction-btn flex flex-col items-center gap-1 text-sm text-gray-700 hover:text-primary-600 cursor-pointer transition-transform hover:scale-105\" data-reaction=\"helpful\"><span class=\"reaction-count\" data-reaction-count=\"helpful\">0<\/span><span class=\"reaction text-3xl\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\ud83d\udca1 <\/span><span class=\"reaction-description font-medium\">Pomocne <\/span><\/button><button type=\"button\" aria-pressed=\"false\" class=\"reaction-btn flex flex-col items-center gap-1 text-sm text-gray-700 hover:text-primary-600 cursor-pointer transition-transform hover:scale-105\" data-reaction=\"confused\"><span class=\"reaction-count\" data-reaction-count=\"confused\">0<\/span><span class=\"reaction text-3xl\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\ud83d\ude15 <\/span><span class=\"reaction-description font-medium\">Niejasne <\/span><\/button><button type=\"button\" aria-pressed=\"false\" class=\"reaction-btn flex flex-col items-center gap-1 text-sm text-gray-700 hover:text-primary-600 cursor-pointer transition-transform hover:scale-105\" data-reaction=\"disappointed\"><span class=\"reaction-count\" data-reaction-count=\"disappointed\">0<\/span><span class=\"reaction text-3xl\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\ud83d\ude1e <\/span><span class=\"reaction-description font-medium\">Rozczarowanie <\/span><\/button><button type=\"button\" aria-pressed=\"false\" class=\"reaction-btn flex flex-col items-center gap-1 text-sm text-gray-700 hover:text-primary-600 cursor-pointer transition-transform hover:scale-105\" data-reaction=\"inaccurate\"><span class=\"reaction-count\" data-reaction-count=\"inaccurate\">0<\/span><span class=\"reaction text-3xl\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\u274c <\/span><span class=\"reaction-description font-medium\">Niedok\u0142adne <\/span><\/button><\/div><div id=\"reaction-message\" class=\"hidden mt-8 rounded-md border border-primary-100 bg-white\/50 backdrop-blur-sm px-4 py-2 text-sm text-center shadow-sm\"><\/div><\/section><div class=\"calcdash-ad not-prose calcdash-ad--calc_result calcdash-ad--in-article\"><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-1721569815777345\" data-ad-slot=\"6317458308\" data-ad-layout=\"in-article\" data-ad-format=\"fluid\"><\/ins><script>(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});<\/script><\/div>\n<style id=\"wpcoderpro-inline-1\">.formula-box {\r\n\tborder-bottom: none !important;\r\n}<\/style><section class=\"formula-box\" aria-labelledby=\"formula-title\">\r\n\t<div id=\"formula-title\" class=\"not-prose font-display mb-4\"><span class=\"icon icon-formula\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><h2>Wz\u00f3r na sta\u0142\u0105 r\u00f3wnowagi<\/h2><\/div>\r\n\t<figure class=\"not-prose formula\">\r\n\t\t<figcaption class=\"formula-title\">Wz\u00f3r<\/figcaption>\r\n\t\t<div class=\"text-base text-gray-800\" id=\"formula\">\n\\[ K_c = \\frac{[C]^c\\,[D]^d}{[A]^a\\,[B]^b} \\]\n<\/div>\r\n\t<\/figure>\r\n\t<\/p>\n<p><strong>Gdzie:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\\(K_c\\) \u2014 st\u0119\u017ceniowa sta\u0142a r\u00f3wnowagi (bezwymiarowa)<\/li>\n<li>\\([A]\\), \\([B]\\) \u2014 st\u0119\u017cenia r\u00f3wnowagowe reagent\u00f3w (mol\/L)<\/li>\n<li>\\([C]\\), \\([D]\\) \u2014 st\u0119\u017cenia r\u00f3wnowagowe produkt\u00f3w (mol\/L)<\/li>\n<li>\\(a\\), \\(b\\), \\(c\\), \\(d\\) \u2014 wsp\u00f3\u0142czynniki stechiometryczne z zbilansowanego r\u00f3wnania \\(aA + bB \\rightleftharpoons cC + dD\\)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Wz\u00f3r m\u00f3wi, \u017ce dla reakcji odwracalnej w stanie r\u00f3wnowagi iloczyn st\u0119\u017ce\u0144 produkt\u00f3w (ka\u017cde podniesione do jego wsp\u00f3\u0142czynnika) podzielony przez iloczyn st\u0119\u017ce\u0144 reagent\u00f3w (ka\u017cde podniesione do jego wsp\u00f3\u0142czynnika) jest sta\u0142y w danej temperaturze. Je\u015bli jaki\u015b sk\u0142adnik nie wyst\u0119puje, jego wyraz po prostu wypada z wyra\u017cenia.<\/p>\n<p>\r\n<\/section>\n<style id=\"wpcoderpro-inline-2\">.calculation-box {\r\n\tborder-bottom: none !important;\r\n}<\/style><section id=\"calculation\" class=\"calculation-box\" aria-labelledby=\"calculation-title\">\r\n\t<div id=\"calculation-title\" class=\"not-prose font-display\"><span class=\"icon icon-unordered-list\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><h2>Sta\u0142a r\u00f3wnowagi \u2014 przyk\u0142ad obliczenia<\/h2><\/div>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\n<p><strong>Przyk\u0142ad:<\/strong> dla reakcji \\(A + B \\rightleftharpoons C + D\\) (wszystkie wsp\u00f3\u0142czynniki r\u00f3wne 1) st\u0119\u017cenia r\u00f3wnowagowe wynosz\u0105 \\([A] = 0.5\\ \\text{mol\/L}\\), \\([B] = 0.3\\ \\text{mol\/L}\\), \\([C] = 0.4\\ \\text{mol\/L}\\) i \\([D] = 0.2\\ \\text{mol\/L}\\).<\/p>\n<p>\\[ K_c = \\frac{[C]^1[D]^1}{[A]^1[B]^1} = \\frac{0.4 \\times 0.2}{0.5 \\times 0.3} = \\frac{0.08}{0.15} \\approx 0.5333 \\]<\/p>\n<p>\\[ \\frac{1}{K_c} = \\frac{1}{0.5333} \\approx 1.875 \\]<\/p>\n<p><strong>Wynik:<\/strong> \\(K_c \\approx 0.5333\\); poniewa\u017c \\(K_c &lt; 1\\), mieszanina r\u00f3wnowagowa zdominowana jest przez reagenty. Reakcja odwrotna ma \\(K_c \\approx 1.875\\).<\/p>\n<p>\n\r\n<\/section>\n<h2>Jak korzysta\u0107 z kalkulatora<\/h2>\n<ol>\n<li>Zacznij od <strong>zbilansowanego r\u00f3wnania reakcji<\/strong>. Je\u015bli potrzebujesz pomocy w jego bilansowaniu, najpierw skorzystaj z <a href=\"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/pl\/chemia\/bilansowanie-rownan-chemicznych\/\">Bilansowania r\u00f3wna\u0144 chemicznych<\/a>.<\/li>\n<li>W polu <strong>Liczba reagent\u00f3w<\/strong> wybierz \u201e1 reagent\u201d lub \u201e2 reagenty\u201d, w zale\u017cno\u015bci od tego, ile substancji znajduje si\u0119 po lewej stronie r\u00f3wnania. To samo zr\u00f3b dla pola <strong>Liczba produkt\u00f3w<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li>Wprowad\u017a <strong>Wsp\u00f3\u0142czynnik A (a)<\/strong> oraz <strong>St\u0119\u017cenie A [A]<\/strong> wraz z jednostk\u0105 (mol\/L lub mmol\/L) dla pierwszego reagenta. Je\u015bli wybra\u0142e\u015b 2 reagenty, uzupe\u0142nij r\u00f3wnie\u017c <strong>Wsp\u00f3\u0142czynnik B (b)<\/strong> i <strong>St\u0119\u017cenie B [B]<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li>Wprowad\u017a wsp\u00f3\u0142czynniki i st\u0119\u017cenia r\u00f3wnowagowe produkt\u00f3w: <strong>Wsp\u00f3\u0142czynnik C (c)<\/strong>, <strong>St\u0119\u017cenie C [C]<\/strong>, a je\u015bli dotyczy, tak\u017ce <strong>Wsp\u00f3\u0142czynnik D (d)<\/strong> i <strong>St\u0119\u017cenie D [D]<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li>Odczytaj wyniki: <strong>St\u0119\u017ceniowa sta\u0142a r\u00f3wnowagi<\/strong> \\(K_c\\), <strong>Sta\u0142a r\u00f3wnowagi reakcji odwrotnej<\/strong> \\(1\/K_c\\) oraz <strong>Po\u0142o\u017cenie r\u00f3wnowagi<\/strong>, kt\u00f3re informuje, czy przewa\u017caj\u0105 produkty, czy reagenty.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2>Czym jest sta\u0142a r\u00f3wnowagi?<\/h2>\n<p>Reakcja odwracalna nie zatrzymuje si\u0119, gdy ilo\u015bci reagent\u00f3w i produkt\u00f3w wyr\u00f3wnaj\u0105 si\u0119 \u2014 przestaje si\u0119 zmienia\u0107, gdy szybko\u015bci reakcji w prz\u00f3d i wstecz staj\u0105 si\u0119 r\u00f3wne. W tym punkcie sk\u0142ad <em>r\u00f3wnowagowy<\/em> jest ustalony, a stosunek zdefiniowany wyra\u017ceniem r\u00f3wnowagowym jest sta\u0142\u0105 charakterystyczn\u0105 dla reakcji w tej temperaturze. Ta sta\u0142a, \\(K_c\\), m\u00f3wi, jak daleko zachodzi reakcja w kierunku produkt\u00f3w, zanim ustanie zmiana netto.<\/p>\n<p>Warto\u015b\u0107 \\(K_c\\) jest miar\u0105 po\u0142o\u017cenia r\u00f3wnowagi. Du\u017ce \\(K_c\\) (mniej wi\u0119cej powy\u017cej \\(10^3\\)) oznacza, \u017ce reakcja przebiega prawie do ko\u0144ca: w r\u00f3wnowadze prawie wszystko zosta\u0142o przekszta\u0142cone w produkty. Ma\u0142e \\(K_c\\) (mniej wi\u0119cej poni\u017cej \\(10^{-3}\\)) oznacza, \u017ce powstaje bardzo ma\u0142o produktu. Warto\u015bci po\u015brednie oznaczaj\u0105, \u017ce w r\u00f3wnowadze obecne s\u0105 zar\u00f3wno reagenty, jak i produkty. Zwr\u00f3\u0107 uwag\u0119, \u017ce \\(K_c\\) nic nie m\u00f3wi o tym, jak <em>szybko<\/em> osi\u0105gana jest r\u00f3wnowaga \u2014 to kwestia szybko\u015bci reakcji, kt\u00f3r\u0105 opisuje <a href=\"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/pl\/chemia\/rownanie-arrheniusa-2\/\">R\u00f3wnanie Arrheniusa<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>Ka\u017cda reakcja ma odpowiadaj\u0105c\u0105 jej reakcj\u0119 odwrotn\u0105, kt\u00f3rej sta\u0142a r\u00f3wnowagi jest odwrotno\u015bci\u0105: \\(K_{reverse} = 1\/K_{forward}\\). Dlatego kalkulator podaje r\u00f3wnie\u017c \\(1\/K_c\\) \u2014 przydatne, gdy pytanie dotyczy kierunku odwrotnego lub gdy chcesz sprawdzi\u0107 zgodno\u015b\u0107 warto\u015bci tablicowych.<\/p>\n<p>\\(K_c\\) zale\u017cy od temperatury. Zmiana st\u0119\u017cenia, ci\u015bnienia lub obj\u0119to\u015bci przesuwa po\u0142o\u017cenie r\u00f3wnowagi (zasada Le Chateliera), ale nigdy nie zmienia \\(K_c\\); zmienia j\u0105 wy\u0142\u0105cznie zmiana temperatury. Por\u00f3wnuj\u0105c warto\u015bci z r\u00f3\u017cnych \u017ar\u00f3de\u0142, zawsze sprawd\u017a, czy odnosz\u0105 si\u0119 do tej samej temperatury.<\/p>\n<h2>Za\u0142o\u017cenia, ograniczenia i praktyczne wskaz\u00f3wki<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>U\u017cywaj st\u0119\u017ce\u0144 r\u00f3wnowagowych, nie pocz\u0105tkowych.<\/strong> Kalkulator oczekuje st\u0119\u017ce\u0144 istniej\u0105cych <em>w stanie r\u00f3wnowagi<\/em>. Je\u015bli znane s\u0105 st\u0119\u017cenia pocz\u0105tkowe i jedna warto\u015b\u0107 r\u00f3wnowagowa, najpierw u\u0142\u00f3\u017c tabel\u0119 ICE (Initial, Change, Equilibrium \u2014 pocz\u0105tkowe, zmiana, r\u00f3wnowagowe), aby wyznaczy\u0107 pozosta\u0142e st\u0119\u017cenia r\u00f3wnowagowe.<\/li>\n<li><strong>R\u00f3wnanie musi by\u0107 zbilansowane.<\/strong> Wprowadzone wsp\u00f3\u0142czynniki s\u0105 u\u017cywane jako wyk\u0142adniki, wi\u0119c niezbilansowane r\u00f3wnanie daje b\u0142\u0119dne \\(K_c\\).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Cia\u0142a sta\u0142e i ciecze czyste s\u0105 pomijane.<\/strong> W wyra\u017ceniu r\u00f3wnowagowym wyst\u0119puj\u0105 tylko substancje rozpuszczone (oraz gazy, dla \\(K_p\\)). Je\u015bli reakcja obejmuje cia\u0142o sta\u0142e lub czyst\u0105 ciecz, pomi\u0144 je przy liczeniu reagent\u00f3w i produkt\u00f3w.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Kalkulator obs\u0142uguje maksymalnie 2 reagenty i 2 produkty.<\/strong> Dla reakcji z wi\u0119ksz\u0105 liczb\u0105 substancji zastosuj ten sam schemat r\u0119cznie: ka\u017cde st\u0119\u017cenie produktu podniesione do pot\u0119gi jego wsp\u00f3\u0142czynnika w liczniku, ka\u017cde st\u0119\u017cenie reagenta podniesione do pot\u0119gi jego wsp\u00f3\u0142czynnika w mianowniku.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Jednostki s\u0105 przeliczane automatycznie.<\/strong> St\u0119\u017cenia podane w mmol\/L s\u0105 przeliczane na mol\/L przed obliczeniem, wi\u0119c wszystkie wyrazy musz\u0105 by\u0107 po prostu w tym samym uk\u0142adzie jednostek, aby wynik mia\u0142 sens.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\\(K_c\\) formalnie jest bezwymiarowa.<\/strong> Cho\u0107 podstawiane st\u0119\u017cenia maj\u0105 jednostki, termodynamiczne sta\u0142e r\u00f3wnowagi definiuje si\u0119 w kategoriach aktywno\u015bci, wi\u0119c wynik traktuje si\u0119 jako liczb\u0119 bezwymiarow\u0105.<\/li>\n<li>Zadania r\u00f3wnowagowe cz\u0119sto dotycz\u0105 roztwor\u00f3w przygotowywanych z u\u017cyciem mas molowych. Do przeliczania mi\u0119dzy mas\u0105 a st\u0119\u017ceniem mog\u0105 pom\u00f3c kalkulatory <a href=\"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/en\/chemistry\/molarity-calculator\/\">St\u0119\u017cenia molowego<\/a> i <a href=\"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/en\/chemistry\/molality-calculator\/\">Molalno\u015bci<\/a>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Oblicz sta\u0142\u0105 r\u00f3wnowagi Kc na podstawie st\u0119\u017ce\u0144 r\u00f3wnowagowych reagent\u00f3w i produkt\u00f3w. Wprowad\u017a wsp\u00f3\u0142czynniki stechiometryczne oraz st\u0119\u017cenia z zbilansowanego r\u00f3wnania, aby uzyska\u0107 Kc, 1\/Kc oraz informacj\u0119, czy reakcja sprzyja produktom, czy reagentom.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3168,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[4],"tags":[63],"class_list":["post-1988","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-chemia","tag-reakcje"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1988","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3168"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1988"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1988\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2107,"href":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1988\/revisions\/2107"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1988"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1988"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1988"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}