{"id":1995,"date":"2026-10-07T06:41:56","date_gmt":"2026-10-07T05:41:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/pl\/chemia\/kalkulator-kp-na-kc\/"},"modified":"2026-10-07T06:41:56","modified_gmt":"2026-10-07T05:41:56","slug":"kalkulator-kp-na-kc","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/pl\/chemia\/kalkulator-kp-na-kc\/","title":{"rendered":"Kalkulator Kp na Kc"},"content":{"rendered":"<section class=\"not-prose calculator-box\" aria-labelledby=\"calculator-title\"><div class=\"flex items-baseline sm:items-center justify-between gap-2 sm:gap-3\"><div class=\"flex flex-col sm:flex-row sm:items-center gap-2\"><span class=\"icon icon-calculator text-primary-700! text-base! dark:text-primary-300!\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><h2 id=\"calculator-title\" class=\"text-lg font-display font-bold\">Przeliczanie sta\u0142ych r\u00f3wnowagi wyra\u017conych przez ci\u015bnienia i st\u0119\u017cenia<\/h2><\/div><div class=\"calcdash-favorite group\">\n  <button type=\"button\" class=\"favorite\" id=\"favorite\" data-favorite-id=\"1995\" data-favorite-title=\"Kp na Kc\" data-favorite-url=\"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/pl\/chemia\/kalkulator-kp-na-kc\/\" data-favorite-excerpt=\"Przelicz sta\u0142\u0105 r\u00f3wnowagi mi\u0119dzy postaci\u0105 opart\u0105 na ci\u015bnieniach cz\u0105stkowych (Kp) a postaci\u0105 opart\u0105 na st\u0119\u017ceniach (Kc). Wprowad\u017a znan\u0105 sta\u0142\u0105, temperatur\u0119 oraz zmian\u0119 liczby moli gazu, aby natychmiast otrzyma\u0107 wynik.\" aria-label=\"Dodaj do ulubionych\" data-favorite-icon=\"icon icon-chemistry-1\">\n    <span class=\"icon icon-shape-star-empty\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>\n  <\/button>\n  <div class=\"calcdash-favorite__tip\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n   <span class=\"favorite-tooltip\" id=\"favorite-tooltip\"><\/span>\n  <\/div>\n  <span class=\"sr-only\" role=\"status\" id=\"favorite-status\"><\/span>\n<\/div><\/div><form action=\"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/pl\/chemia\/kalkulator-kp-na-kc\/\" method=\"POST\" class=\"calculator\" id=\"calculator-1995\" data-post=\"1995\"><fieldset class=\"fieldset-input is-1\"><legend class=\"sr-only\">Pola danych<\/legend><div class=\"field\" id=\"input-1\"><label for=\"field-1\">Co obliczy\u0107<\/label><div class=\"grid grid-cols-1\"><select id=\"field-1\" name=\"co_obliczy\"><option value=\"kp\" selected>Kp (na podstawie znanego Kc)<\/option><option value=\"kc\">Kc (na podstawie znanego Kp)<\/option><\/select><svg class=\"pointer-events-none col-start-1 row-start-1 mr-2 size-5 self-center justify-self-end text-gray-500 sm:size-4\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" fill=\"currentColor\" aria-hidden=\"true\" data-slot=\"icon\">\n              <path fill-rule=\"evenodd\" d=\"M4.22 6.22a.75.75 0 0 1 1.06 0L8 8.94l2.72-2.72a.75.75 0 1 1 1.06 1.06l-3.25 3.25a.75.75 0 0 1-1.06 0L4.22 7.28a.75.75 0 0 1 0-1.06Z\" clip-rule=\"evenodd\" \/>\n            <\/svg><\/div><\/div><div class=\"field has-term\" id=\"input-2\"><label for=\"field-2\">Znana sta\u0142a r\u00f3wnowagi<\/label><div class=\"term\">K<\/div>  <div class=\"absolute bottom-0 left-16 top-8 w-2 h-0.5 bg-blue-500\"><\/div><input type=\"text\" name=\"znana_staa_rwnowagi\" id=\"field-2\" aria-describedby=\"calc-info-2\" data-number inputmode=\"decimal\" autocomplete=\"off\" spellcheck=\"false\" placeholder=\"e.g. 4.0\" min=\"1.0E-6\" value=\"4\"\/><small id=\"calc-info-2\">Warto\u015b\u0107 Kc, je\u015bli obliczasz Kp, albo warto\u015b\u0107 Kp, je\u015bli obliczasz Kc<\/small><\/div><div class=\"field has-term\" id=\"input-3\"><label for=\"field-3\">Temperatura<\/label><div class=\"term\">T<\/div>  <div class=\"absolute bottom-0 left-16 top-8 w-2 h-0.5 bg-blue-500\"><\/div><div class=\"field-group\"><input type=\"text\" name=\"temperatura\" id=\"field-3\" aria-describedby=\"calc-info-3\" data-number inputmode=\"decimal\" autocomplete=\"off\" spellcheck=\"false\" placeholder=\"e.g. 500\" min=\"0.01\" value=\"500\"\/><div class=\"grid grid-cols-1\"><select id=\"field-4\" name=\"jednostka\" aria-label=\"Jednostka\"><option value=\"K\" selected>K<\/option><option value=\"C\">\u00b0C<\/option><\/select><svg class=\"pointer-events-none col-start-1 row-start-1 mr-2 size-5 self-center justify-self-end text-gray-500 sm:size-4\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" fill=\"currentColor\" aria-hidden=\"true\" data-slot=\"icon\">\n              <path fill-rule=\"evenodd\" d=\"M4.22 6.22a.75.75 0 0 1 1.06 0L8 8.94l2.72-2.72a.75.75 0 1 1 1.06 1.06l-3.25 3.25a.75.75 0 0 1-1.06 0L4.22 7.28a.75.75 0 0 1 0-1.06Z\" clip-rule=\"evenodd\" \/>\n            <\/svg><\/div><\/div><small id=\"calc-info-3\">Temperatura mieszaniny w stanie r\u00f3wnowagi<\/small><\/div><div class=\"field has-term\" id=\"input-4\"><label for=\"field-5\">Zmiana liczby moli gazu<\/label><div class=\"term\">\u0394n<\/div>  <div class=\"absolute bottom-0 left-16 top-8 w-2 h-0.5 bg-blue-500\"><\/div><input type=\"number\" name=\"zmiana_liczby_moli_gazu\" id=\"field-5\" aria-describedby=\"calc-info-5\" placeholder=\"e.g. -1, 0, 1\" step=\"1\" value=\"-1\"\/><small id=\"calc-info-5\">\u0394n = (mole gazowych produkt\u00f3w) \u2212 (mole gazowych substrat\u00f3w); mo\u017ce by\u0107 ujemna lub r\u00f3wna zeru<\/small><\/div><\/fieldset><div class=\"buttons\"><button type=\"submit\" data-text=\"Przelicz ponownie\" id=\"calculate-button\" data-post=\"1995\">Oblicz<\/button><button type=\"reset\">Wyczy\u015b\u0107<\/button><\/div><div class=\"field is-checkbox hidden!\" id=\"field-auto-calc\"><input type=\"checkbox\" id=\"auto-calc\"><label for=\"auto-calc\">Obliczaj automatycznie<\/label><small>Po w\u0142\u0105czeniu wynik aktualizuje si\u0119 automatycznie po zmianie dowolnej warto\u015bci.<\/small><\/div><div class=\"fieldset-result is-hidden\" aria-labelledby=\"result-title\" aria-live=\"polite\" role=\"region\"> <h3 class=\"result-title bg-gradient-to-r from-primary-50 to-gray-50 dark:from-primary-900 dark:to-gray-800\" id=\"result-title\"><span class=\"icon icon-s-pulse\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span> Wyniki sta\u0142ych r\u00f3wnowagi<\/h3><div class=\"result-box\"><div class=\"field-result\" id=\"output-1\"><span class=\"field-title\"><span>Kp (sta\u0142a oparta na ci\u015bnieniach)<\/span><span class=\"result-term\">Kp<\/span><\/span><span class=\"field-value\" id=\"result-1\"><\/span><button type=\"button\" class=\"copy-result\" data-tooltip=\"Kopiuj wynik\" aria-label=\"Kopiuj wynik\"><span class=\"copy-icon icon icon-document-copy\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><\/button><\/div><div class=\"field-result\" id=\"output-2\"><span class=\"field-title\"><span>Kc (sta\u0142a oparta na st\u0119\u017ceniach)<\/span><span class=\"result-term\">Kc<\/span><\/span><span class=\"field-value\" id=\"result-2\"><\/span><button type=\"button\" class=\"copy-result\" data-tooltip=\"Kopiuj wynik\" aria-label=\"Kopiuj wynik\"><span class=\"copy-icon icon icon-document-copy\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><\/button><\/div><div class=\"field-result\" id=\"output-3\"><span class=\"field-title\"><span>Czynnik przeliczeniowy (RT)^\u0394n<\/span><span class=\"result-term\">(RT)^\u0394n<\/span><\/span><span class=\"field-value\" id=\"result-3\"><\/span><button type=\"button\" class=\"copy-result\" data-tooltip=\"Kopiuj wynik\" aria-label=\"Kopiuj wynik\"><span class=\"copy-icon icon icon-document-copy\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><\/button><\/div><div class=\"field-result is-column\" id=\"output-4\"><span class=\"field-title\"><span>Szczeg\u00f3\u0142y oblicze\u0144<\/span><\/span><span class=\"field-value\" id=\"result-4\"><\/span><button type=\"button\" class=\"copy-result\" data-tooltip=\"Kopiuj wynik\" aria-label=\"Kopiuj wynik\"><span class=\"copy-icon icon icon-document-copy\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><\/button><\/div><\/div><div class=\"result-actions\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"copy-link\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 20 20\" fill=\"currentColor\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M12.232 4.232a2.5 2.5 0 0 1 3.536 3.536l-1.225 1.224a.75.75 0 0 0 1.061 1.06l1.224-1.224a4 4 0 0 0-5.656-5.656l-3 3a4 4 0 0 0 .225 5.865.75.75 0 0 0 .977-1.138 2.5 2.5 0 0 1-.142-3.667l3-3Z\"\/><path d=\"M11.603 7.963a.75.75 0 0 0-.977 1.138 2.5 2.5 0 0 1 .142 3.667l-3 3a2.5 2.5 0 0 1-3.536-3.536l1.225-1.224a.75.75 0 0 0-1.061-1.06l-1.224 1.224a4 4 0 1 0 5.656 5.656l3-3a4 4 0 0 0-.225-5.865Z\"\/><\/svg><span class=\"copy-link__text\">Kopiuj link do tego obliczenia<\/span><\/button><span class=\"sr-only\" role=\"status\" id=\"copy-link-status\"><\/span><\/div><\/div><a href=\"#respond\" class=\"hidden transition-opacity duration-300 opacity-0 w-50 text-sm justify-center items-center gap-2 px-4 py-2 rounded bg-gray-200 text-gray-700 hover:bg-gray-300\" id=\"leave-comment\"><span class=\"icon icon-comments\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Zostaw komentarz<\/a><\/form><\/section><section id=\"calc-reactions\" class=\"not-prose hidden my-12 bg-gradient-to-r from-primary-50 to-gray-50 border border-indigo-100 rounded-xl px-6 py-4 shadow-sm\" data-post=\"1995\" aria-live=\"polite\" aria-labelledby=\"calc-reactions-title\"><p id=\"calc-reactions-title\" class=\"text-sm text-gray-500 text-center mb-2\">Jak oceniasz ten wynik?<\/p><div role=\"group\" aria-labelledby=\"calc-reactions-title\" class=\"grid grid-cols-3 sm:flex sm:flex-row sm:justify-around gap-4 sm:items-center sm:flex-wrap\"><button type=\"button\" aria-pressed=\"false\" class=\"reaction-btn flex flex-col items-center gap-1 text-sm text-gray-700 hover:text-primary-600 cursor-pointer transition-transform hover:scale-105\" data-reaction=\"like\"><span class=\"reaction-count\" data-reaction-count=\"like\">0<\/span><span class=\"reaction text-3xl\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\ud83d\ude00 <\/span><span class=\"reaction-description font-medium\">Lubi\u0119 to <\/span><\/button><button type=\"button\" aria-pressed=\"false\" class=\"reaction-btn flex flex-col items-center gap-1 text-sm text-gray-700 hover:text-primary-600 cursor-pointer transition-transform hover:scale-105\" data-reaction=\"helpful\"><span class=\"reaction-count\" data-reaction-count=\"helpful\">0<\/span><span class=\"reaction text-3xl\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\ud83d\udca1 <\/span><span class=\"reaction-description font-medium\">Pomocne <\/span><\/button><button type=\"button\" aria-pressed=\"false\" class=\"reaction-btn flex flex-col items-center gap-1 text-sm text-gray-700 hover:text-primary-600 cursor-pointer transition-transform hover:scale-105\" data-reaction=\"confused\"><span class=\"reaction-count\" data-reaction-count=\"confused\">0<\/span><span class=\"reaction text-3xl\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\ud83d\ude15 <\/span><span class=\"reaction-description font-medium\">Niejasne <\/span><\/button><button type=\"button\" aria-pressed=\"false\" class=\"reaction-btn flex flex-col items-center gap-1 text-sm text-gray-700 hover:text-primary-600 cursor-pointer transition-transform hover:scale-105\" data-reaction=\"disappointed\"><span class=\"reaction-count\" data-reaction-count=\"disappointed\">0<\/span><span class=\"reaction text-3xl\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\ud83d\ude1e <\/span><span class=\"reaction-description font-medium\">Rozczarowanie <\/span><\/button><button type=\"button\" aria-pressed=\"false\" class=\"reaction-btn flex flex-col items-center gap-1 text-sm text-gray-700 hover:text-primary-600 cursor-pointer transition-transform hover:scale-105\" data-reaction=\"inaccurate\"><span class=\"reaction-count\" data-reaction-count=\"inaccurate\">0<\/span><span class=\"reaction text-3xl\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\u274c <\/span><span class=\"reaction-description font-medium\">Niedok\u0142adne <\/span><\/button><\/div><div id=\"reaction-message\" class=\"hidden mt-8 rounded-md border border-primary-100 bg-white\/50 backdrop-blur-sm px-4 py-2 text-sm text-center shadow-sm\"><\/div><\/section><div class=\"calcdash-ad not-prose calcdash-ad--calc_result calcdash-ad--in-article\"><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-1721569815777345\" data-ad-slot=\"6317458308\" data-ad-layout=\"in-article\" data-ad-format=\"fluid\"><\/ins><script>(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});<\/script><\/div>\n<style id=\"wpcoderpro-inline-1\">.formula-box {\r\n\tborder-bottom: none !important;\r\n}<\/style><section class=\"formula-box\" aria-labelledby=\"formula-title\">\r\n\t<div id=\"formula-title\" class=\"not-prose font-display mb-4\"><span class=\"icon icon-formula\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><h2>Wz\u00f3r na przeliczenie Kp na Kc<\/h2><\/div>\r\n\t<figure class=\"not-prose formula\">\r\n\t\t<figcaption class=\"formula-title\">Wz\u00f3r<\/figcaption>\r\n\t\t<div class=\"text-base text-gray-800\" id=\"formula\">\n\\[ K_p = K_c \\cdot (RT)^{\\Delta n} \\]\n\\[ K_c = \\frac{K_p}{(RT)^{\\Delta n}} \\]\n<\/div>\r\n\t<\/figure>\r\n\t<\/p>\n<p><strong>Gdzie:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\\(K_p\\) \u2014 sta\u0142a r\u00f3wnowagi oparta na ci\u015bnieniach cz\u0105stkowych (atm)<\/li>\n<li>\\(K_c\\) \u2014 sta\u0142a r\u00f3wnowagi oparta na st\u0119\u017ceniach molowych (mol\/L)<\/li>\n<li>\\(R\\) \u2014 sta\u0142a gazowa, 0,082057 L\u00b7atm\/(mol\u00b7K)<\/li>\n<li>\\(T\\) \u2014 temperatura bezwzgl\u0119dna (K)<\/li>\n<li>\\(\\Delta n\\) \u2014 zmiana liczby moli gazu: \\(\\Delta n = \\) (liczba moli gazowych produkt\u00f3w) \\(-\\) (liczba moli gazowych substrat\u00f3w)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Obie sta\u0142e opisuj\u0105 t\u0119 sam\u0105 r\u00f3wnowag\u0119, ale wyra\u017cone s\u0105 w r\u00f3\u017cnych jednostkach; czynnik \\((RT)^{\\Delta n}\\) pozwala przelicza\u0107 jedn\u0105 na drug\u0105.<\/p>\n<p>\r\n<\/section>\n<style id=\"wpcoderpro-inline-2\">.calculation-box {\r\n\tborder-bottom: none !important;\r\n}<\/style><section id=\"calculation\" class=\"calculation-box\" aria-labelledby=\"calculation-title\">\r\n\t<div id=\"calculation-title\" class=\"not-prose font-display\"><span class=\"icon icon-unordered-list\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><h2>Kp na Kc \u2013 przyk\u0142ad obliczenia<\/h2><\/div>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\n<p><strong>Przyk\u0142ad:<\/strong> dla reakcji \\(2SO_2(g) + O_2(g) \\rightleftharpoons 2SO_3(g)\\) sta\u0142a r\u00f3wnowagi wynosi \\(K_c = 4.0\\) w temperaturze 500 K. Oblicz Kp.<\/p>\n<p>Uwzgl\u0119dnij tylko gatunki gazowe: \\(\\Delta n = 2 - (2 + 1) = -1\\)<\/p>\n<p>\\[ K_p = K_c \\cdot (RT)^{\\Delta n} = 4.0 \\times (0.082057 \\times 500)^{-1} = 4.0 \\times (41.0285)^{-1} \\]<\/p>\n<p>\\[ K_p = 4.0 \\times 0.024373 = 0.097494 \\]<\/p>\n<p><strong>Wynik:<\/strong> \\(K_p \\approx 0.0975\\) w temperaturze 500 K.<\/p>\n<p>\n\r\n<\/section>\n<h2>Jak korzysta\u0107 z kalkulatora Kp na Kc<\/h2>\n<ol>\n<li>Otw\u00f3rz list\u0119 rozwijan\u0105 <strong>Co obliczy\u0107<\/strong> i wybierz, czy chcesz obliczy\u0107 <em>Kp (przy znanym Kc)<\/em>, czy <em>Kc (przy znanym Kp)<\/em>.<\/li>\n<li>Wpisz swoj\u0105 warto\u015b\u0107 w polu <strong>Znana sta\u0142a r\u00f3wnowagi<\/strong> \u2014 Kc, je\u015bli obliczasz Kp, albo Kp, je\u015bli obliczasz Kc.<\/li>\n<li>Podaj temperatur\u0119 w polu <strong>Temperatura<\/strong> i wybierz jednostk\u0119 (K lub \u00b0C) z listy obok. Kalkulator automatycznie przeliczy \u00b0C na kelwiny.<\/li>\n<li>Wprowad\u017a <strong>Zmian\u0119 liczby moli gazu<\/strong>: odejmij \u0142\u0105czn\u0105 liczb\u0119 moli gazowych substrat\u00f3w od \u0142\u0105cznej liczby moli gazowych produkt\u00f3w. Ta warto\u015b\u0107 mo\u017ce by\u0107 ujemna, zerowa lub dodatnia.<\/li>\n<li>Odczytaj wyniki: Kp, Kc, czynnik przeliczeniowy \\((RT)^{\\Delta n}\\) oraz zapisany krok po kroku przebieg oblicze\u0144 pokazuj\u0105cy dok\u0142adnie, jak otrzymano odpowied\u017a.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2>Czym s\u0105 Kp i Kc?<\/h2>\n<p>R\u00f3wnowagi chemiczne z udzia\u0142em gaz\u00f3w mo\u017cna opisywa\u0107 na dwa r\u00f3wnowa\u017cne sposoby. \\(K_c\\) wyra\u017ca si\u0119 przez r\u00f3wnowagowe st\u0119\u017cenia molowe substancji (mol\/L), natomiast \\(K_p\\) \u2014 przez ich ci\u015bnienia cz\u0105stkowe (atm). Podr\u0119czniki i zadania egzaminacyjne stosuj\u0105 obie formy i cz\u0119sto zdarza si\u0119, \u017ce podana jest jedna, a wymagana druga.<\/p>\n<p>Zwi\u0105zek mi\u0119dzy nimi wynika z r\u00f3wnania stanu gazu doskona\u0142ego, \\(PV = nRT\\), kt\u00f3re wi\u0105\u017ce ci\u015bnienie cz\u0105stkowe gazu z jego st\u0119\u017ceniem: \\(P = (n\/V)RT\\). Po podstawieniu tego do wyra\u017cenia na sta\u0142\u0105 r\u00f3wnowagi ka\u017cdy gatunek gazowy wnosi czynnik \\(RT\\), a te czynniki \u0142\u0105cz\u0105 si\u0119 w \\((RT)^{\\Delta n}\\), gdzie \\(\\Delta n\\) jest zmian\u0105 liczby moli gazu mi\u0119dzy produktami a substratami.<\/p>\n<p>Znak \\(\\Delta n\\) decyduje o kierunku przeliczenia. Je\u015bli reakcja wytwarza wi\u0119cej cz\u0105steczek gazu, ni\u017c zu\u017cywa (\\(\\Delta n &gt; 0\\)), to w typowych temperaturach \\(K_p &gt; K_c\\). Je\u015bli zu\u017cywa gaz (\\(\\Delta n &lt; 0\\)), to \\(K_p &lt; K_c\\). Je\u015bli liczba cz\u0105steczek gazu si\u0119 nie zmienia (\\(\\Delta n = 0\\)), obie sta\u0142e s\u0105 liczbowo r\u00f3wne \u2014 na przyk\u0142ad dla reakcji \\(H_2(g) + I_2(g) \\rightleftharpoons 2HI(g)\\).<\/p>\n<p>Pami\u0119taj, \u017ce w tym elementarnym uj\u0119ciu \u017cadna z tych sta\u0142ych nie jest w pe\u0142ni bezwymiarowa; umownie podaje si\u0119 je jako zwyk\u0142e liczby. Jednostki \u201enios\u0105\u201d w sobie czynnik przeliczeniowy \\((RT)^{\\Delta n}\\), dlatego warto\u015b\u0107 liczbowa sta\u0142ej r\u00f3\u017cni si\u0119 mi\u0119dzy obiema formami.<\/p>\n<h2>Za\u0142o\u017cenia, ograniczenia i wskaz\u00f3wki<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Uwzgl\u0119dniaj tylko gatunki gazowe.<\/strong> Czyste cia\u0142a sta\u0142e i ciecze nie wyst\u0119puj\u0105 w wyra\u017ceniach na sta\u0142\u0105 r\u00f3wnowagi, wi\u0119c nale\u017cy je pomin\u0105\u0107 przy obliczaniu \\(\\Delta n\\). Dla reakcji \\(CaCO_3(s) \\rightleftharpoons CaO(s) + CO_2(g)\\) mamy \\(\\Delta n = 1\\), a nie 2 \u2212 1 = 1 gdyby liczy\u0107 wszystkie substancje.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Sta\u0142a gazowa musi pasowa\u0107 do jednostek.<\/strong> Ten kalkulator stosuje \\(R = 0.082057\\) L\u00b7atm\/(mol\u00b7K), co jest w\u0142a\u015bciwym wyborem, gdy ci\u015bnienia podane s\u0105 w atm, a st\u0119\u017cenia w mol\/L. Je\u015bli w zadaniu ci\u015bnienia wyra\u017cono w barach lub kPa, najpierw przelicz je na atm albo u\u017cyj odpowiedniej warto\u015bci R.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Temperatura musi by\u0107 bezwzgl\u0119dna.<\/strong> Wz\u00f3r wymaga kelwin\u00f3w. Je\u015bli wprowadzisz \u00b0C, kalkulator doda za Ciebie 273.15, ale sprawd\u017a dok\u0142adnie, czy wybra\u0142e\u015b w\u0142a\u015bciw\u0105 jednostk\u0119.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0394n musi by\u0107 liczb\u0105 ca\u0142kowit\u0105.<\/strong> Odczytaj wsp\u00f3\u0142czynniki stechiometryczne gazowych produkt\u00f3w i substrat\u00f3w z zr\u00f3wnowa\u017conego r\u00f3wnania; nie u\u017cywaj rzeczywistych ilo\u015bci obecnych w stanie r\u00f3wnowagi.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Zak\u0142ada si\u0119 zachowanie idealne.<\/strong> Przy bardzo wysokich ci\u015bnieniach lub niskich temperaturach gazy rzeczywiste odbiegaj\u0105 od idealno\u015bci i prosty zwi\u0105zek \\((RT)^{\\Delta n}\\) staje si\u0119 przybli\u017cony.<\/li>\n<li>Najpierw dok\u0142adnie sprawd\u017a zr\u00f3wnowa\u017cenie r\u00f3wnania reakcji \u2014 b\u0142\u0119dne \\(\\Delta n\\) to najcz\u0119stsze \u017ar\u00f3d\u0142o pomy\u0142ek w tych przeliczeniach.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>\u015aci\u0105gawka: \u0394n dla typowych reakcji<\/h2>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Reakcja (liczone s\u0105 tylko gazy)<\/th>\n<th>\\(\\Delta n\\)<\/th>\n<th>Zale\u017cno\u015b\u0107 przy 500 K<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\\(N_2 + 3H_2 \\rightleftharpoons 2NH_3\\)<\/td>\n<td>\\(-2\\)<\/td>\n<td>\\(K_p = K_c \/ (RT)^2 \\approx K_c \/ 1683\\)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\\(2SO_2 + O_2 \\rightleftharpoons 2SO_3\\)<\/td>\n<td>\\(-1\\)<\/td>\n<td>\\(K_p \\approx K_c \/ 41.03\\)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\\(H_2 + I_2 \\rightleftharpoons 2HI\\)<\/td>\n<td>\\(0\\)<\/td>\n<td>\\(K_p = K_c\\)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\\(N_2O_4 \\rightleftharpoons 2NO_2\\)<\/td>\n<td>\\(+1\\)<\/td>\n<td>\\(K_p \\approx K_c \\times 41.03\\)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\\(PCl_5 \\rightleftharpoons PCl_3 + Cl_2\\)<\/td>\n<td>\\(+1\\)<\/td>\n<td>\\(K_p \\approx K_c \\times 41.03\\)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>Aby pog\u0142\u0119bi\u0107 temat r\u00f3wnowagi chemicznej, wypr\u00f3buj nasz <a href=\"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/pl\/chemia\/kalkulator-stalej-rownowagi\/\">kalkulator sta\u0142ej r\u00f3wnowagi<\/a> albo powi\u0105\u017c \\(K\\) z termodynamik\u0105 dzi\u0119ki <a href=\"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/pl\/chemia\/kalkulator-energii-swobodnej-gibbsa\/\">kalkulatorowi energii swobodnej Gibbsa<\/a>. Dla r\u00f3wnowag na elektrodach przydatnym narz\u0119dziem jest tak\u017ce <a href=\"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/en\/chemistry\/nernst-equation-calculator\/\">kalkulator r\u00f3wnania Nernsta<\/a>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Przelicz sta\u0142\u0105 r\u00f3wnowagi mi\u0119dzy postaci\u0105 opart\u0105 na ci\u015bnieniach cz\u0105stkowych (Kp) a postaci\u0105 opart\u0105 na st\u0119\u017ceniach (Kc). Wprowad\u017a znan\u0105 sta\u0142\u0105, temperatur\u0119 oraz zmian\u0119 liczby moli gazu, aby natychmiast otrzyma\u0107 wynik.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3168,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[4],"tags":[63],"class_list":["post-1995","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-chemia","tag-reakcje"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1995","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3168"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1995"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1995\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2026,"href":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1995\/revisions\/2026"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1995"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1995"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1995"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}