{"id":2203,"date":"2026-10-15T02:31:40","date_gmt":"2026-10-15T01:31:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/pt\/engenharia\/viga-biapoiada-carga-uniforme\/"},"modified":"2026-10-15T02:31:40","modified_gmt":"2026-10-15T01:31:40","slug":"viga-biapoiada-carga-uniforme","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/pt\/engenharia\/viga-biapoiada-carga-uniforme\/","title":{"rendered":"Viga biapoiada com carga uniformemente distribu\u00edda"},"content":{"rendered":"<section class=\"not-prose calculator-box\" aria-labelledby=\"calculator-title\"><div class=\"flex items-baseline sm:items-center justify-between gap-2 sm:gap-3\"><div class=\"flex flex-col sm:flex-row sm:items-center gap-2\"><span class=\"icon icon-calculator text-primary-700! text-base! dark:text-primary-300!\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><h2 id=\"calculator-title\" class=\"text-lg font-display font-bold\">Rea\u00e7\u00f5es de apoio, momento fletor e flecha da viga<\/h2><\/div><div class=\"calcdash-favorite group\">\n  <button type=\"button\" class=\"favorite\" id=\"favorite\" data-favorite-id=\"2203\" data-favorite-title=\"Viga biapoiada com carga uniforme\" data-favorite-url=\"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/pt\/engenharia\/viga-biapoiada-carga-uniforme\/\" data-favorite-excerpt=\"Calcula as rea\u00e7\u00f5es de apoio, o momento fletor m\u00e1ximo e a flecha no meio do v\u00e3o de uma viga biapoiada submetida a uma carga uniformemente distribu\u00edda. Informe o v\u00e3o, a carga, o m\u00f3dulo de Young e o momento de in\u00e9rcia da \u00e1rea.\" aria-label=\"Adicionar aos favoritos\" data-favorite-icon=\"icon icon-civil\">\n    <span class=\"icon icon-shape-star-empty\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>\n  <\/button>\n  <div class=\"calcdash-favorite__tip\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n   <span class=\"favorite-tooltip\" id=\"favorite-tooltip\"><\/span>\n  <\/div>\n  <span class=\"sr-only\" role=\"status\" id=\"favorite-status\"><\/span>\n<\/div><\/div><form action=\"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/pt\/engenharia\/viga-biapoiada-carga-uniforme\/\" method=\"POST\" class=\"calculator\" id=\"calculator-2203\" data-post=\"2203\"><fieldset class=\"fieldset-input is-2\"><legend class=\"sr-only\">Campos de entrada<\/legend><div class=\"field has-term\" id=\"input-1\"><label for=\"field-1\">V\u00e3o (L)<\/label><div class=\"term\">L<\/div>  <div class=\"absolute bottom-0 left-16 top-8 w-2 h-0.5 bg-blue-500\"><\/div><div class=\"field-group\"><input type=\"text\" name=\"vo_l\" id=\"field-1\" aria-describedby=\"calc-info-1\" data-number inputmode=\"decimal\" autocomplete=\"off\" spellcheck=\"false\" min=\"0.01\" value=\"4\"\/><div class=\"grid grid-cols-1\"><select id=\"field-2\" name=\"unidade\" aria-label=\"Unidade\"><option value=\"m\" selected>m<\/option><option value=\"ft\">ft<\/option><\/select><svg class=\"pointer-events-none col-start-1 row-start-1 mr-2 size-5 self-center justify-self-end text-gray-500 sm:size-4\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" fill=\"currentColor\" aria-hidden=\"true\" data-slot=\"icon\">\n              <path fill-rule=\"evenodd\" d=\"M4.22 6.22a.75.75 0 0 1 1.06 0L8 8.94l2.72-2.72a.75.75 0 1 1 1.06 1.06l-3.25 3.25a.75.75 0 0 1-1.06 0L4.22 7.28a.75.75 0 0 1 0-1.06Z\" clip-rule=\"evenodd\" \/>\n            <\/svg><\/div><\/div><small id=\"calc-info-1\">Dist\u00e2ncia entre os dois apoios<\/small><\/div><div class=\"field has-term\" id=\"input-2\"><label for=\"field-3\">Carga distribu\u00edda (w)<\/label><div class=\"term\">w<\/div>  <div class=\"absolute bottom-0 left-16 top-8 w-2 h-0.5 bg-blue-500\"><\/div><div class=\"field-group\"><input type=\"text\" name=\"carga_distribuda_w\" id=\"field-3\" aria-describedby=\"calc-info-3\" data-number inputmode=\"decimal\" autocomplete=\"off\" spellcheck=\"false\" min=\"1.0E-6\" value=\"10\"\/><div class=\"grid grid-cols-1\"><select id=\"field-4\" name=\"unidade\" aria-label=\"Unidade\"><option value=\"kN\/m\" selected>kN\/m<\/option><option value=\"N\/m\">N\/m<\/option><option value=\"lbf\/ft\">lbf\/ft<\/option><\/select><svg class=\"pointer-events-none col-start-1 row-start-1 mr-2 size-5 self-center justify-self-end text-gray-500 sm:size-4\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" fill=\"currentColor\" aria-hidden=\"true\" data-slot=\"icon\">\n              <path fill-rule=\"evenodd\" d=\"M4.22 6.22a.75.75 0 0 1 1.06 0L8 8.94l2.72-2.72a.75.75 0 1 1 1.06 1.06l-3.25 3.25a.75.75 0 0 1-1.06 0L4.22 7.28a.75.75 0 0 1 0-1.06Z\" clip-rule=\"evenodd\" \/>\n            <\/svg><\/div><\/div><small id=\"calc-info-3\">Carga por unidade de comprimento, distribu\u00edda uniformemente ao longo de todo o v\u00e3o<\/small><\/div><div class=\"field has-term\" id=\"input-3\"><label for=\"field-5\">M\u00f3dulo de Young (E)<\/label><div class=\"term\">E<\/div>  <div class=\"absolute bottom-0 left-16 top-8 w-2 h-0.5 bg-blue-500\"><\/div><div class=\"field-group\"><input type=\"text\" name=\"mdulo_de_young_e\" id=\"field-5\" aria-describedby=\"calc-info-5\" data-number inputmode=\"decimal\" autocomplete=\"off\" spellcheck=\"false\" min=\"1.0E-6\" value=\"200\"\/><div class=\"grid grid-cols-1\"><select id=\"field-6\" name=\"unidade\" aria-label=\"Unidade\"><option value=\"GPa\" selected>GPa<\/option><option value=\"MPa\">MPa<\/option><option value=\"psi\">psi<\/option><\/select><svg class=\"pointer-events-none col-start-1 row-start-1 mr-2 size-5 self-center justify-self-end text-gray-500 sm:size-4\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" fill=\"currentColor\" aria-hidden=\"true\" data-slot=\"icon\">\n              <path fill-rule=\"evenodd\" d=\"M4.22 6.22a.75.75 0 0 1 1.06 0L8 8.94l2.72-2.72a.75.75 0 1 1 1.06 1.06l-3.25 3.25a.75.75 0 0 1-1.06 0L4.22 7.28a.75.75 0 0 1 0-1.06Z\" clip-rule=\"evenodd\" \/>\n            <\/svg><\/div><\/div><small id=\"calc-info-5\">A\u00e7o \u2248 200 GPa (29.000 ksi), alum\u00ednio \u2248 69 GPa, madeira \u2248 11 GPa<\/small><\/div><div class=\"field has-term\" id=\"input-4\"><label for=\"field-7\">Momento de in\u00e9rcia da \u00e1rea (I)<\/label><div class=\"term\">I<\/div>  <div class=\"absolute bottom-0 left-16 top-8 w-2 h-0.5 bg-blue-500\"><\/div><div class=\"field-group\"><input type=\"text\" name=\"momento_de_inrcia_da_rea_i\" id=\"field-7\" aria-describedby=\"calc-info-7\" data-number inputmode=\"decimal\" autocomplete=\"off\" spellcheck=\"false\" min=\"1.0E-6\" value=\"1000\"\/><div class=\"grid grid-cols-1\"><select id=\"field-8\" name=\"unidade\" aria-label=\"Unidade\"><option value=\"cm4\" selected>cm\u2074<\/option><option value=\"mm4\">mm\u2074<\/option><option value=\"in4\">in\u2074<\/option><\/select><svg class=\"pointer-events-none col-start-1 row-start-1 mr-2 size-5 self-center justify-self-end text-gray-500 sm:size-4\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" fill=\"currentColor\" aria-hidden=\"true\" data-slot=\"icon\">\n              <path fill-rule=\"evenodd\" d=\"M4.22 6.22a.75.75 0 0 1 1.06 0L8 8.94l2.72-2.72a.75.75 0 1 1 1.06 1.06l-3.25 3.25a.75.75 0 0 1-1.06 0L4.22 7.28a.75.75 0 0 1 0-1.06Z\" clip-rule=\"evenodd\" \/>\n            <\/svg><\/div><\/div><small id=\"calc-info-7\">Momento de in\u00e9rcia da \u00e1rea da se\u00e7\u00e3o transversal da viga em rela\u00e7\u00e3o ao eixo de flex\u00e3o<\/small><\/div><\/fieldset><div class=\"buttons\"><button type=\"submit\" data-text=\"Recalcular\" id=\"calculate-button\" data-post=\"2203\">Calcular<\/button><button type=\"reset\">Redefinir<\/button><\/div><div class=\"field is-checkbox hidden!\" id=\"field-auto-calc\"><input type=\"checkbox\" id=\"auto-calc\"><label for=\"auto-calc\">Calcular automaticamente<\/label><small>Se ativado, o resultado \u00e9 atualizado automaticamente quando voc\u00ea altera qualquer valor.<\/small><\/div><div class=\"fieldset-result is-hidden\" aria-labelledby=\"result-title\" aria-live=\"polite\" role=\"region\"> <h3 class=\"result-title bg-gradient-to-r from-primary-50 to-gray-50 dark:from-primary-900 dark:to-gray-800\" id=\"result-title\"><span class=\"icon icon-s-pulse\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span> Resultados da viga<\/h3><div class=\"result-box\"><div class=\"field-result\" id=\"output-1\"><span class=\"field-title\"><span>Rea\u00e7\u00f5es de apoio (cada uma)<\/span><span class=\"result-term\">R<\/span><\/span><span class=\"field-value\" id=\"result-1\"><\/span><button type=\"button\" class=\"copy-result\" data-tooltip=\"Copiar resultado\" aria-label=\"Copiar resultado\"><span class=\"copy-icon icon icon-document-copy\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><\/button><\/div><div class=\"field-result\" id=\"output-2\"><span class=\"field-title\"><span>Momento fletor m\u00e1ximo<\/span><span class=\"result-term\">M<\/span><\/span><span class=\"field-value\" id=\"result-2\"><\/span><button type=\"button\" class=\"copy-result\" data-tooltip=\"Copiar resultado\" aria-label=\"Copiar resultado\"><span class=\"copy-icon icon icon-document-copy\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><\/button><\/div><div class=\"field-result\" id=\"output-3\"><span class=\"field-title\"><span>Flecha m\u00e1xima (no meio do v\u00e3o)<\/span><span class=\"result-term\">\u03b4<\/span><\/span><span class=\"field-value\" id=\"result-3\"><\/span><button type=\"button\" class=\"copy-result\" data-tooltip=\"Copiar resultado\" aria-label=\"Copiar resultado\"><span class=\"copy-icon icon icon-document-copy\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><\/button><\/div><\/div><div class=\"result-actions\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"copy-link\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 20 20\" fill=\"currentColor\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M12.232 4.232a2.5 2.5 0 0 1 3.536 3.536l-1.225 1.224a.75.75 0 0 0 1.061 1.06l1.224-1.224a4 4 0 0 0-5.656-5.656l-3 3a4 4 0 0 0 .225 5.865.75.75 0 0 0 .977-1.138 2.5 2.5 0 0 1-.142-3.667l3-3Z\"\/><path d=\"M11.603 7.963a.75.75 0 0 0-.977 1.138 2.5 2.5 0 0 1 .142 3.667l-3 3a2.5 2.5 0 0 1-3.536-3.536l1.225-1.224a.75.75 0 0 0-1.061-1.06l-1.224 1.224a4 4 0 1 0 5.656 5.656l3-3a4 4 0 0 0-.225-5.865Z\"\/><\/svg><span class=\"copy-link__text\">Copiar link para este c\u00e1lculo<\/span><\/button><span class=\"sr-only\" role=\"status\" id=\"copy-link-status\"><\/span><\/div><\/div><a href=\"#respond\" class=\"hidden transition-opacity duration-300 opacity-0 w-50 text-sm justify-center items-center gap-2 px-4 py-2 rounded bg-gray-200 text-gray-700 hover:bg-gray-300\" id=\"leave-comment\"><span class=\"icon icon-comments\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Deixar um coment\u00e1rio<\/a><\/form><\/section><section id=\"calc-reactions\" class=\"not-prose hidden my-12 bg-gradient-to-r from-primary-50 to-gray-50 border border-indigo-100 rounded-xl px-6 py-4 shadow-sm\" data-post=\"2203\" aria-live=\"polite\" aria-labelledby=\"calc-reactions-title\"><p id=\"calc-reactions-title\" class=\"text-sm text-gray-500 text-center mb-2\">O que voc\u00ea achou deste resultado?<\/p><div role=\"group\" aria-labelledby=\"calc-reactions-title\" class=\"grid grid-cols-3 sm:flex sm:flex-row sm:justify-around gap-4 sm:items-center sm:flex-wrap\"><button type=\"button\" aria-pressed=\"false\" class=\"reaction-btn flex flex-col items-center gap-1 text-sm text-gray-700 hover:text-primary-600 cursor-pointer transition-transform hover:scale-105\" data-reaction=\"like\"><span class=\"reaction-count\" data-reaction-count=\"like\">0<\/span><span class=\"reaction text-3xl\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\ud83d\ude00 <\/span><span class=\"reaction-description font-medium\">Curti <\/span><\/button><button type=\"button\" aria-pressed=\"false\" class=\"reaction-btn flex flex-col items-center gap-1 text-sm text-gray-700 hover:text-primary-600 cursor-pointer transition-transform hover:scale-105\" data-reaction=\"helpful\"><span class=\"reaction-count\" data-reaction-count=\"helpful\">0<\/span><span class=\"reaction text-3xl\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\ud83d\udca1 <\/span><span class=\"reaction-description font-medium\">\u00datil <\/span><\/button><button type=\"button\" aria-pressed=\"false\" class=\"reaction-btn flex flex-col items-center gap-1 text-sm text-gray-700 hover:text-primary-600 cursor-pointer transition-transform hover:scale-105\" data-reaction=\"confused\"><span class=\"reaction-count\" data-reaction-count=\"confused\">0<\/span><span class=\"reaction text-3xl\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\ud83d\ude15 <\/span><span class=\"reaction-description font-medium\">Confuso <\/span><\/button><button type=\"button\" aria-pressed=\"false\" class=\"reaction-btn flex flex-col items-center gap-1 text-sm text-gray-700 hover:text-primary-600 cursor-pointer transition-transform hover:scale-105\" data-reaction=\"disappointed\"><span class=\"reaction-count\" data-reaction-count=\"disappointed\">0<\/span><span class=\"reaction text-3xl\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\ud83d\ude1e <\/span><span class=\"reaction-description font-medium\">Decepcionado <\/span><\/button><button type=\"button\" aria-pressed=\"false\" class=\"reaction-btn flex flex-col items-center gap-1 text-sm text-gray-700 hover:text-primary-600 cursor-pointer transition-transform hover:scale-105\" data-reaction=\"inaccurate\"><span class=\"reaction-count\" data-reaction-count=\"inaccurate\">0<\/span><span class=\"reaction text-3xl\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\u274c <\/span><span class=\"reaction-description font-medium\">Impreciso <\/span><\/button><\/div><div id=\"reaction-message\" class=\"hidden mt-8 rounded-md border border-primary-100 bg-white\/50 backdrop-blur-sm px-4 py-2 text-sm text-center shadow-sm\"><\/div><\/section><div class=\"calcdash-ad not-prose calcdash-ad--calc_result calcdash-ad--in-article\"><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-1721569815777345\" data-ad-slot=\"6317458308\" data-ad-layout=\"in-article\" data-ad-format=\"fluid\"><\/ins><script>(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});<\/script><\/div>\n<style id=\"wpcoderpro-inline-1\">.formula-box {\r\n\tborder-bottom: none !important;\r\n}<\/style><section class=\"formula-box\" aria-labelledby=\"formula-title\">\r\n\t<div id=\"formula-title\" class=\"not-prose font-display mb-4\"><span class=\"icon icon-formula\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><h2>F\u00f3rmula da viga biapoiada com carga uniformemente distribu\u00edda<\/h2><\/div>\r\n\t<figure class=\"not-prose formula\">\r\n\t\t<figcaption class=\"formula-title\">F\u00f3rmula<\/figcaption>\r\n\t\t<div class=\"text-base text-gray-800\" id=\"formula\">\n\\[ R = \\frac{wL}{2} \\\\ M_{max} = \\frac{wL^2}{8} \\\\ \\delta_{max} = \\frac{5wL^4}{384EI} \\]\n<\/div>\r\n\t<\/figure>\r\n\t<\/p>\n<p><strong>Onde:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\\(w\\) \u2014 carga distribu\u00edda por unidade de comprimento (N\/m)<\/li>\n<li>\\(L\\) \u2014 v\u00e3o, a dist\u00e2ncia entre os dois apoios (m)<\/li>\n<li>\\(E\\) \u2014 m\u00f3dulo de Young do material da viga (Pa)<\/li>\n<li>\\(I\\) \u2014 momento de in\u00e9rcia da \u00e1rea da se\u00e7\u00e3o transversal em rela\u00e7\u00e3o ao eixo de flex\u00e3o (m\u2074)<\/li>\n<li>\\(R\\) \u2014 rea\u00e7\u00e3o em cada apoio (N), \\(M_{max}\\) \u2014 momento fletor m\u00e1ximo (N\u00b7m), \\(\\delta_{max}\\) \u2014 flecha m\u00e1xima (m)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Estes s\u00e3o os resultados cl\u00e1ssicos em forma fechada para uma viga biapoiada com carga uniformemente distribu\u00edda ao longo de todo o v\u00e3o. A carga total \\(wL\\) se divide igualmente entre os dois apoios, o momento fletor atinge o m\u00e1ximo no meio do v\u00e3o e a flecha m\u00e1xima tamb\u00e9m ocorre ali, pois o carregamento e os apoios s\u00e3o sim\u00e9tricos.<\/p>\n<p>\r\n<\/section>\n<style id=\"wpcoderpro-inline-2\">.calculation-box {\r\n\tborder-bottom: none !important;\r\n}<\/style><section id=\"calculation\" class=\"calculation-box\" aria-labelledby=\"calculation-title\">\r\n\t<div id=\"calculation-title\" class=\"not-prose font-display\"><span class=\"icon icon-unordered-list\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><h2>Viga biapoiada com carga uniformemente distribu\u00edda \u2013 Exemplo de c\u00e1lculo<\/h2><\/div>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\n<p><strong>Exemplo:<\/strong> uma viga de a\u00e7o com v\u00e3o de \\(L = 4\\ \\text{m}\\) suporta uma carga uniforme de \\(w = 10\\ \\text{kN\/m}\\). O material tem \\(E = 200\\ \\text{GPa}\\) e a se\u00e7\u00e3o transversal tem \\(I = 1000\\ \\text{cm}^4 = 1.0 \\times 10^{-5}\\ \\text{m}^4\\).<\/p>\n<p>\\[ R = \\frac{wL}{2} = \\frac{10 \\times 4}{2} = 20\\ \\text{kN} \\]<\/p>\n<p>\\[ M_{max} = \\frac{wL^2}{8} = \\frac{10 \\times 4^2}{8} = 20\\ \\text{kN}\\cdot\\text{m} \\]<\/p>\n<p>\\[ \\delta_{max} = \\frac{5wL^4}{384EI} = \\frac{5 \\times 10{,}000 \\times 4^4}{384 \\times (200 \\times 10^9) \\times (1.0 \\times 10^{-5})} \\approx 0.0167\\ \\text{m} \\]<\/p>\n<p><strong>Resultado:<\/strong> cada rea\u00e7\u00e3o de apoio vale 20 kN, o momento fletor m\u00e1ximo \u00e9 de 20 kN\u00b7m no meio do v\u00e3o e a flecha m\u00e1xima \u00e9 de aproximadamente 16,7 mm (\u2248 0,656 pol) tamb\u00e9m no meio do v\u00e3o.<\/p>\n<p>\n\r\n<\/section>\n<h2>Como usar a calculadora<\/h2>\n<ol>\n<li>Digite a dist\u00e2ncia entre os dois apoios no campo <strong>V\u00e3o (L)<\/strong> e escolha metros ou p\u00e9s no seletor de unidades.<\/li>\n<li>Digite a carga por unidade de comprimento no campo <strong>Carga distribu\u00edda (w)<\/strong> e selecione kN\/m, N\/m ou lbf\/ft. Esse valor \u00e9 a carga total suportada pela viga dividida pelo seu comprimento.<\/li>\n<li>Digite o <strong>M\u00f3dulo de Young (E)<\/strong> do material da viga \u2014 a\u00e7o \u2248 200 GPa, alum\u00ednio \u2248 69 GPa, madeira \u2248 11 GPa \u2014 e escolha GPa, MPa ou psi.<\/li>\n<li>Digite o <strong>Momento de in\u00e9rcia da \u00e1rea (I)<\/strong> da se\u00e7\u00e3o transversal (consulte uma tabela de perfis para vigas padronizadas) e selecione cm\u2074, mm\u2074 ou in\u2074.<\/li>\n<li>Leia os resultados: a rea\u00e7\u00e3o em cada apoio, o momento fletor m\u00e1ximo no meio do v\u00e3o e a flecha m\u00e1xima no meio do v\u00e3o. Os resultados aparecem no sistema de unidades coerente com a unidade do v\u00e3o, com o outro sistema entre par\u00eanteses.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2>O que \u00e9 uma viga biapoiada com carga uniformemente distribu\u00edda?<\/h2>\n<p>Uma viga biapoiada repousa sobre dois apoios \u2014 normalmente um pino em uma extremidade e um apoio m\u00f3vel (rolete) na outra \u2014 podendo girar livremente nas duas pontas, mas sem deslocamento vertical. \u00c9 a idealiza\u00e7\u00e3o mais comum no projeto de edifica\u00e7\u00f5es: vigas de piso, ter\u00e7as de telhado e muitos elementos estruturais se comportam essencialmente assim. Uma <em>carga uniformemente distribu\u00edda<\/em> (UDL) \u00e9 uma carga espalhada de maneira uniforme ao longo de todo o comprimento, como o peso pr\u00f3prio da viga, uma laje de piso que ela suporta ou a neve sobre um telhado.<\/p>\n<p>Como o carregamento \u00e9 sim\u00e9trico, cada apoio suporta exatamente metade da carga total: \\(R = wL\/2\\). O momento fletor varia parabolicamente ao longo do v\u00e3o, partindo de zero em cada apoio e atingindo \\(M_{max} = wL^2\/8\\) no meio do v\u00e3o. Esse momento no meio do v\u00e3o \u00e9 o que governa a tens\u00e3o de flex\u00e3o na viga \u2014 junto com o m\u00f3dulo de flex\u00e3o da se\u00e7\u00e3o, ele indica se o elemento \u00e9 resistente o suficiente. Para efeito de compara\u00e7\u00e3o, a mesma carga total concentrada no meio do v\u00e3o (veja a <a href=\"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/pt\/engenharia\/viga-biapoizada-carga-central\/\">viga biapoiada com carga concentrada no centro<\/a>) produz o dobro do momento, de modo que distribuir a carga \u00e9 estruturalmente muito mais eficiente.<\/p>\n<p>A flecha \\(\\delta_{max} = 5wL^4\/(384EI)\\) tamb\u00e9m ocorre no meio do v\u00e3o e segue a linha el\u00e1stica da viga. Note a forte influ\u00eancia do v\u00e3o: a flecha cresce com a quarta pot\u00eancia de \\(L\\), de modo que dobrar o v\u00e3o aumenta a flecha dezesseis vezes. A rigidez depende do produto \\(EI\\): um material mais r\u00edgido (\\(E\\) maior) ou uma se\u00e7\u00e3o transversal mais alta (\\(I\\) muito maior, pois \\(I\\) cresce aproximadamente com o cubo da altura) reduzem a flecha. Se voc\u00ea quiser ver como o m\u00f3dulo de Young tamb\u00e9m controla o comportamento din\u00e2mico, consulte a <a href=\"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/pt\/engenharia\/frequencia-ressonante-mola-modulo-young\/\">calculadora de frequ\u00eancia ressonante de mola com m\u00f3dulo de Young<\/a>.<\/p>\n<h2>Hip\u00f3teses e dicas pr\u00e1ticas<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Pequenas flechas, elasticidade linear:<\/strong> as f\u00f3rmulas assumem que o material permanece abaixo do limite de escoamento e que as flechas s\u00e3o pequenas em rela\u00e7\u00e3o ao v\u00e3o, de modo que a superposi\u00e7\u00e3o e a teoria de vigas de Euler\u2013Bernoulli s\u00e3o v\u00e1lidas.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Apoios ideais:<\/strong> a viga \u00e9 tratada como apoiada em pino em uma extremidade e em rolete na outra, sem nenhum engastamento. Liga\u00e7\u00f5es reais que restringem a rota\u00e7\u00e3o reduzem tanto o momento quanto a flecha, portanto, esta \u00e9 uma idealiza\u00e7\u00e3o conservadora para flecha.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Carga ao longo de todo o v\u00e3o:<\/strong> cargas em parte do v\u00e3o, cargas concentradas ou balan\u00e7os exigem f\u00f3rmulas diferentes (ou superpostas). Uma carga concentrada no centro \u00e9 tratada pela <a href=\"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/pt\/engenharia\/viga-biapoizada-carga-central\/\">calculadora de carga concentrada no centro<\/a>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>O peso pr\u00f3prio conta:<\/strong> inclua o peso da pr\u00f3pria viga em \\(w\\), salvo quando a carga for especificada apenas como carga acidental (sobrecarga).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Verifique os limites de flecha:<\/strong> muitas normas limitam a flecha devida \u00e0s cargas vari\u00e1veis a \\(L\/360\\) (por exemplo, pisos) ou \\(L\/240\\). No exemplo calculado, \\(L\/360 = 4000\/360 \\approx 11\\ \\text{mm}\\); portanto, uma flecha de 16,7 mm excederia um limite t\u00edpico de piso e seria necess\u00e1ria uma se\u00e7\u00e3o mais r\u00edgida.<\/li>\n<li><strong>As unidades devem ser coerentes:<\/strong> a calculadora converte tudo internamente, mas se voc\u00ea usar as f\u00f3rmulas manualmente, mantenha \\(w\\), \\(L\\), \\(E\\) e \\(I\\) em um \u00fanico sistema coerente (N, m, Pa, m\u2074) antes de converter o resultado.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Calcula as rea\u00e7\u00f5es de apoio, o momento fletor m\u00e1ximo e a flecha no meio do v\u00e3o de uma viga biapoiada submetida a uma carga uniformemente distribu\u00edda. Informe o v\u00e3o, a carga, o m\u00f3dulo de Young e o momento de in\u00e9rcia da \u00e1rea.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3168,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[6],"tags":[84],"class_list":["post-2203","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-engenharia","tag-vigas"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2203","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3168"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2203"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2203\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2583,"href":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2203\/revisions\/2583"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2203"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2203"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2203"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}