{"id":3814,"date":"2026-10-07T11:59:07","date_gmt":"2026-10-07T10:59:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/kimya\/henderson-hasselbalch-hesaplama\/"},"modified":"2026-10-07T11:59:07","modified_gmt":"2026-10-07T10:59:07","slug":"henderson-hasselbalch-hesaplama","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/kimya\/henderson-hasselbalch-hesaplama\/","title":{"rendered":"Henderson\u2013Hasselbalch Hesaplama Arac\u0131"},"content":{"rendered":"<section class=\"not-prose calculator-box\" aria-labelledby=\"calculator-title\"><div class=\"flex items-baseline sm:items-center justify-between gap-2 sm:gap-3\"><div class=\"flex flex-col sm:flex-row sm:items-center gap-2\"><span class=\"icon icon-calculator text-primary-700! text-base! dark:text-primary-300!\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><h2 id=\"calculator-title\" class=\"text-lg font-display font-bold\">Asit\u2013baz tamponunun pH de\u011ferini veya gerekli oran\u0131 hesaplay\u0131n<\/h2><\/div><div class=\"calcdash-favorite group\">\n  <button type=\"button\" class=\"favorite\" id=\"favorite\" data-favorite-id=\"3814\" data-favorite-title=\"Henderson\u2013Hasselbalch\" data-favorite-url=\"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/kimya\/henderson-hasselbalch-hesaplama\/\" data-favorite-excerpt=\"pKa de\u011feri ile asit ve konjuge baz miktarlar\u0131ndan tampon \u00e7\u00f6zeltinin pH&#039;\u0131n\u0131 hesaplay\u0131n ya da hedeflenen pH&#039;a ula\u015fmak i\u00e7in gereken baz\/asit oran\u0131n\u0131 bulun. pKa ve deri\u015fimleri girin, sonu\u00e7 an\u0131nda kar\u015f\u0131n\u0131zda.\" aria-label=\"Favorilere ekle\" data-favorite-icon=\"icon icon-flask\">\n    <span class=\"icon icon-shape-star-empty\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>\n  <\/button>\n  <div class=\"calcdash-favorite__tip\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n   <span class=\"favorite-tooltip\" id=\"favorite-tooltip\"><\/span>\n  <\/div>\n  <span class=\"sr-only\" role=\"status\" id=\"favorite-status\"><\/span>\n<\/div><\/div><form action=\"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/kimya\/henderson-hasselbalch-hesaplama\/\" method=\"POST\" class=\"calculator\" id=\"calculator-3814\" data-post=\"3814\"><fieldset class=\"fieldset-input is-1\"><legend class=\"sr-only\">Giri\u015f alanlar\u0131<\/legend><div class=\"field\" id=\"input-1\"><label for=\"field-1\">Hesaplanacak de\u011fer<\/label><div class=\"grid grid-cols-1\"><select id=\"field-1\" name=\"hesaplanacak_deer\"><option value=\"ph\" selected>Asit ve baz miktar\u0131ndan tampon pH de\u011feri<\/option><option value=\"ratio\">Hedef pH i\u00e7in gereken baz\/asit oran\u0131<\/option><\/select><svg class=\"pointer-events-none col-start-1 row-start-1 mr-2 size-5 self-center justify-self-end text-gray-500 sm:size-4\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" fill=\"currentColor\" aria-hidden=\"true\" data-slot=\"icon\">\n              <path fill-rule=\"evenodd\" d=\"M4.22 6.22a.75.75 0 0 1 1.06 0L8 8.94l2.72-2.72a.75.75 0 1 1 1.06 1.06l-3.25 3.25a.75.75 0 0 1-1.06 0L4.22 7.28a.75.75 0 0 1 0-1.06Z\" clip-rule=\"evenodd\" \/>\n            <\/svg><\/div><\/div><div class=\"field has-term\" id=\"input-2\"><label for=\"field-2\">Asidin pKa de\u011feri (HA)<\/label><div class=\"term\">pKa<\/div>  <div class=\"absolute bottom-0 left-16 top-8 w-2 h-0.5 bg-blue-500\"><\/div><input type=\"number\" name=\"asidin_pka_deeri_ha\" id=\"field-2\" aria-describedby=\"calc-info-2\" placeholder=\"e.g. 4.76\" min=\"-2\" max=\"16\" step=\"0.01\" value=\"4.76\"\/><small id=\"calc-info-2\">Asit ayr\u0131\u015fma sabitesinin negatif logaritmas\u0131 (\u00f6rnek: asetik asit i\u00e7in 4,76)<\/small><\/div><div class=\"field has-term\" id=\"input-3\"><label for=\"field-3\">Asit formunun miktar\u0131 (HA)<\/label><div class=\"term\">[HA]<\/div>  <div class=\"absolute bottom-0 left-16 top-8 w-2 h-0.5 bg-blue-500\"><\/div><div class=\"field-group\"><input type=\"text\" name=\"asit_formunun_miktar_ha\" id=\"field-3\" aria-describedby=\"calc-info-3\" data-number inputmode=\"decimal\" autocomplete=\"off\" spellcheck=\"false\" placeholder=\"e.g. 0.1\" min=\"0\" value=\"0.1\"\/><div class=\"grid grid-cols-1\"><select id=\"field-4\" name=\"birim\" aria-label=\"Birim\"><option value=\"mol_l\" selected>mol\/L<\/option><option value=\"mmol_l\">mmol\/L<\/option><option value=\"umol_l\">\u00b5mol\/L<\/option><\/select><svg class=\"pointer-events-none col-start-1 row-start-1 mr-2 size-5 self-center justify-self-end text-gray-500 sm:size-4\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" fill=\"currentColor\" aria-hidden=\"true\" data-slot=\"icon\">\n              <path fill-rule=\"evenodd\" d=\"M4.22 6.22a.75.75 0 0 1 1.06 0L8 8.94l2.72-2.72a.75.75 0 1 1 1.06 1.06l-3.25 3.25a.75.75 0 0 1-1.06 0L4.22 7.28a.75.75 0 0 1 0-1.06Z\" clip-rule=\"evenodd\" \/>\n            <\/svg><\/div><\/div><small id=\"calc-info-3\">Tampon i\u00e7indeki zay\u0131f asidin deri\u015fimi veya miktar\u0131<\/small><\/div><div class=\"field has-term\" id=\"input-4\"><label for=\"field-5\">Baz formunun miktar\u0131 (A\u207b)<\/label><div class=\"term\">[A\u207b]<\/div>  <div class=\"absolute bottom-0 left-16 top-8 w-2 h-0.5 bg-blue-500\"><\/div><div class=\"field-group\"><input type=\"text\" name=\"baz_formunun_miktar_a\" id=\"field-5\" aria-describedby=\"calc-info-5\" data-number inputmode=\"decimal\" autocomplete=\"off\" spellcheck=\"false\" placeholder=\"e.g. 0.1\" min=\"0\" value=\"0.1\"\/><div class=\"grid grid-cols-1\"><select id=\"field-6\" name=\"unit\" aria-label=\"Unit\"><option value=\"mol_l\" selected>mol\/L<\/option><option value=\"mmol_l\">mmol\/L<\/option><option value=\"umol_l\">\u00b5mol\/L<\/option><\/select><svg class=\"pointer-events-none col-start-1 row-start-1 mr-2 size-5 self-center justify-self-end text-gray-500 sm:size-4\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" fill=\"currentColor\" aria-hidden=\"true\" data-slot=\"icon\">\n              <path fill-rule=\"evenodd\" d=\"M4.22 6.22a.75.75 0 0 1 1.06 0L8 8.94l2.72-2.72a.75.75 0 1 1 1.06 1.06l-3.25 3.25a.75.75 0 0 1-1.06 0L4.22 7.28a.75.75 0 0 1 0-1.06Z\" clip-rule=\"evenodd\" \/>\n            <\/svg><\/div><\/div><small id=\"calc-info-5\">E\u015flenik baz\u0131n deri\u015fimi veya miktar\u0131 (\u00f6rnek: asetat)<\/small><\/div><div class=\"field has-term\" id=\"input-5\" hidden><label for=\"field-7\">Hedef pH<\/label><div class=\"term\">pH<\/div>  <div class=\"absolute bottom-0 left-16 top-8 w-2 h-0.5 bg-blue-500\"><\/div><input type=\"text\" name=\"hedef_ph\" id=\"field-7\" aria-describedby=\"calc-info-7\" data-number inputmode=\"decimal\" autocomplete=\"off\" spellcheck=\"false\" placeholder=\"e.g. 7.4\" min=\"0\" max=\"14\" value=\"7.4\"\/><small id=\"calc-info-7\">Tamponun ula\u015fmas\u0131 gereken pH de\u011feri<\/small><\/div><\/fieldset><div class=\"buttons\"><button type=\"submit\" data-text=\"Yeniden hesapla\" id=\"calculate-button\" data-post=\"3814\">Hesapla<\/button><button type=\"reset\">S\u0131f\u0131rla<\/button><\/div><div class=\"field is-checkbox hidden!\" id=\"field-auto-calc\"><input type=\"checkbox\" id=\"auto-calc\"><label for=\"auto-calc\">Otomatik hesapla<\/label><small>Etkinle\u015ftirilirse, herhangi bir de\u011feri de\u011fi\u015ftirdi\u011finizde sonu\u00e7 otomatik olarak g\u00fcncellenir.<\/small><\/div><div class=\"fieldset-result is-hidden\" aria-labelledby=\"result-title\" aria-live=\"polite\" role=\"region\"> <h3 class=\"result-title bg-gradient-to-r from-primary-50 to-gray-50 dark:from-primary-900 dark:to-gray-800\" id=\"result-title\"><span class=\"icon icon-s-pulse\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span> Tampon sonu\u00e7lar\u0131<\/h3><div class=\"result-box\"><div class=\"field-result\" id=\"output-1\"><span class=\"field-title\"><span>Tampon pH de\u011feri<\/span><span class=\"result-term\">pH<\/span><\/span><span class=\"field-value\" id=\"result-1\" data-unit=\"pH\"><\/span><button type=\"button\" class=\"copy-result\" data-tooltip=\"Sonucu kopyala\" aria-label=\"Sonucu kopyala\"><span class=\"copy-icon icon icon-document-copy\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><\/button><\/div><div class=\"field-result\" id=\"output-2\"><span class=\"field-title\"><span>Baz\/asit oran\u0131 [A\u207b]\/[HA]<\/span><span class=\"result-term\">[A\u207b]\/[HA]<\/span><\/span><span class=\"field-value\" id=\"result-2\"><\/span><button type=\"button\" class=\"copy-result\" data-tooltip=\"Sonucu kopyala\" aria-label=\"Sonucu kopyala\"><span class=\"copy-icon icon icon-document-copy\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><\/button><\/div><div class=\"field-result\" id=\"output-3\"><span class=\"field-title\"><span>Asit\/baz oran\u0131 [HA]\/[A\u207b]<\/span><span class=\"result-term\">[HA]\/[A\u207b]<\/span><\/span><span class=\"field-value\" id=\"result-3\"><\/span><button type=\"button\" class=\"copy-result\" data-tooltip=\"Sonucu kopyala\" aria-label=\"Sonucu kopyala\"><span class=\"copy-icon icon icon-document-copy\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><\/button><\/div><div class=\"field-result is-column\" id=\"output-4\"><span class=\"field-title\"><span>Ayr\u0131nt\u0131lar<\/span><\/span><span class=\"field-value\" id=\"result-4\"><\/span><button type=\"button\" class=\"copy-result\" data-tooltip=\"Sonucu kopyala\" aria-label=\"Sonucu kopyala\"><span class=\"copy-icon icon icon-document-copy\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><\/button><\/div><\/div><div class=\"result-actions\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"copy-link\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 20 20\" fill=\"currentColor\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M12.232 4.232a2.5 2.5 0 0 1 3.536 3.536l-1.225 1.224a.75.75 0 0 0 1.061 1.06l1.224-1.224a4 4 0 0 0-5.656-5.656l-3 3a4 4 0 0 0 .225 5.865.75.75 0 0 0 .977-1.138 2.5 2.5 0 0 1-.142-3.667l3-3Z\"\/><path d=\"M11.603 7.963a.75.75 0 0 0-.977 1.138 2.5 2.5 0 0 1 .142 3.667l-3 3a2.5 2.5 0 0 1-3.536-3.536l1.225-1.224a.75.75 0 0 0-1.061-1.06l-1.224 1.224a4 4 0 1 0 5.656 5.656l3-3a4 4 0 0 0-.225-5.865Z\"\/><\/svg><span class=\"copy-link__text\">Bu hesaplaman\u0131n ba\u011flant\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 kopyala<\/span><\/button><span class=\"sr-only\" role=\"status\" id=\"copy-link-status\"><\/span><\/div><\/div><a href=\"#respond\" class=\"hidden transition-opacity duration-300 opacity-0 w-50 text-sm justify-center items-center gap-2 px-4 py-2 rounded bg-gray-200 text-gray-700 hover:bg-gray-300\" id=\"leave-comment\"><span class=\"icon icon-comments\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Yorum b\u0131rak<\/a><\/form><\/section><section id=\"calc-reactions\" class=\"not-prose hidden my-12 bg-gradient-to-r from-primary-50 to-gray-50 border border-indigo-100 rounded-xl px-6 py-4 shadow-sm\" data-post=\"3814\" aria-live=\"polite\" aria-labelledby=\"calc-reactions-title\"><p id=\"calc-reactions-title\" class=\"text-sm text-gray-500 text-center mb-2\">Bu sonu\u00e7 hakk\u0131nda ne d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyorsunuz?<\/p><div role=\"group\" aria-labelledby=\"calc-reactions-title\" class=\"grid grid-cols-3 sm:flex sm:flex-row sm:justify-around gap-4 sm:items-center sm:flex-wrap\"><button type=\"button\" aria-pressed=\"false\" class=\"reaction-btn flex flex-col items-center gap-1 text-sm text-gray-700 hover:text-primary-600 cursor-pointer transition-transform hover:scale-105\" data-reaction=\"like\"><span class=\"reaction-count\" data-reaction-count=\"like\">0<\/span><span class=\"reaction text-3xl\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\ud83d\ude00 <\/span><span class=\"reaction-description font-medium\">Be\u011fendim <\/span><\/button><button type=\"button\" aria-pressed=\"false\" class=\"reaction-btn flex flex-col items-center gap-1 text-sm text-gray-700 hover:text-primary-600 cursor-pointer transition-transform hover:scale-105\" data-reaction=\"helpful\"><span class=\"reaction-count\" data-reaction-count=\"helpful\">0<\/span><span class=\"reaction text-3xl\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\ud83d\udca1 <\/span><span class=\"reaction-description font-medium\">Faydal\u0131 <\/span><\/button><button type=\"button\" aria-pressed=\"false\" class=\"reaction-btn flex flex-col items-center gap-1 text-sm text-gray-700 hover:text-primary-600 cursor-pointer transition-transform hover:scale-105\" data-reaction=\"confused\"><span class=\"reaction-count\" data-reaction-count=\"confused\">0<\/span><span class=\"reaction text-3xl\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\ud83d\ude15 <\/span><span class=\"reaction-description font-medium\">Kafam kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131 <\/span><\/button><button type=\"button\" aria-pressed=\"false\" class=\"reaction-btn flex flex-col items-center gap-1 text-sm text-gray-700 hover:text-primary-600 cursor-pointer transition-transform hover:scale-105\" data-reaction=\"disappointed\"><span class=\"reaction-count\" data-reaction-count=\"disappointed\">0<\/span><span class=\"reaction text-3xl\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\ud83d\ude1e <\/span><span class=\"reaction-description font-medium\">Hayal k\u0131r\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131 <\/span><\/button><button type=\"button\" aria-pressed=\"false\" class=\"reaction-btn flex flex-col items-center gap-1 text-sm text-gray-700 hover:text-primary-600 cursor-pointer transition-transform hover:scale-105\" data-reaction=\"inaccurate\"><span class=\"reaction-count\" data-reaction-count=\"inaccurate\">0<\/span><span class=\"reaction text-3xl\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\u274c <\/span><span class=\"reaction-description font-medium\">Hatal\u0131 <\/span><\/button><\/div><div id=\"reaction-message\" class=\"hidden mt-8 rounded-md border border-primary-100 bg-white\/50 backdrop-blur-sm px-4 py-2 text-sm text-center shadow-sm\"><\/div><\/section><div class=\"calcdash-ad not-prose calcdash-ad--calc_result calcdash-ad--in-article\"><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-1721569815777345\" data-ad-slot=\"6317458308\" data-ad-layout=\"in-article\" data-ad-format=\"fluid\"><\/ins><script>(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});<\/script><\/div>\n<style id=\"wpcoderpro-inline-1\">.formula-box {\r\n\tborder-bottom: none !important;\r\n}<\/style><section class=\"formula-box\" aria-labelledby=\"formula-title\">\r\n\t<div id=\"formula-title\" class=\"not-prose font-display mb-4\"><span class=\"icon icon-formula\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><h2>Henderson\u2013Hasselbalch Form\u00fcl\u00fc<\/h2><\/div>\r\n\t<figure class=\"not-prose formula\">\r\n\t\t<figcaption class=\"formula-title\">Form\u00fcl<\/figcaption>\r\n\t\t<div class=\"text-base text-gray-800\" id=\"formula\">\n\\[ \\text{pH} = \\text{p}K_a + \\log_{10}\\!\\left( \\frac{[\\text{A}^-]}{[\\text{HA}]} \\right) \\]\n<\/div>\r\n\t<\/figure>\r\n\t<\/p>\n<p><strong>Burada:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\\(\\text{pH}\\) \u2014 tampon \u00e7\u00f6zeltinin hidrojen iyonu potansiyeli<\/li>\n<li>\\(\\text{p}K_a\\) \u2014 asit ayr\u0131\u015fma sabitinin negatif logaritmas\u0131, \\(-\\log_{10} K_a\\)<\/li>\n<li>\\([\\text{A}^-]\\) \u2014 konjuge baz formunun deri\u015fimi (veya miktar\u0131)<\/li>\n<li>\\([\\text{HA}]\\) \u2014 zay\u0131f asit formunun deri\u015fimi (veya miktar\u0131)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Denklem, bir tamponun pH'\u0131n\u0131n zay\u0131f asidin pKa de\u011ferine, konjuge baz\u0131n aside oran\u0131n\u0131n logaritmas\u0131n\u0131n eklenmesiyle bulundu\u011funu s\u00f6yler. Denklem yeniden d\u00fczenlendi\u011finde, herhangi bir hedef pH'a ula\u015fmak i\u00e7in gereken oran\u0131 da \u00e7\u00f6zmenizi sa\u011flar: \\([\\text{A}^-]\/[\\text{HA}] = 10^{\\text{pH} - \\text{p}K_a}\\).<\/p>\n<p>\r\n<\/section>\n<style id=\"wpcoderpro-inline-2\">.calculation-box {\r\n\tborder-bottom: none !important;\r\n}<\/style><section id=\"calculation\" class=\"calculation-box\" aria-labelledby=\"calculation-title\">\r\n\t<div id=\"calculation-title\" class=\"not-prose font-display\"><span class=\"icon icon-unordered-list\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><h2>Henderson\u2013Hasselbalch \u2013 \u00d6rnek Hesaplama<\/h2><\/div>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00d6rnek 1 (tampon pH'\u0131):<\/strong> bir tampon \u00e7\u00f6zeltide 0,1 mol\/L asetik asit (pKa = 4,76) ve 0,1 mol\/L asetat bulunuyor.<\/p>\n<p>\\[ \\text{pH} = 4.76 + \\log_{10}\\!\\left( \\frac{0.1}{0.1} \\right) = 4.76 + \\log_{10}(1) = 4.76 + 0 \\]<\/p>\n<p><strong>Sonu\u00e7:<\/strong> pH = 4,76. Asit ve baz formlar\u0131 e\u015fit oldu\u011funda pH her zaman pKa'ya e\u015fittir.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00d6rnek 2 (gereken oran):<\/strong> ayn\u0131 asidi kullanarak tamponu [HA] = 0,1 mol\/L olacak \u015fekilde pH 5,40'a ayarlamak istiyorsunuz.<\/p>\n<p>\\[ \\frac{[\\text{A}^-]}{[\\text{HA}]} = 10^{5.40 - 4.76} = 10^{0.64} \\approx 4.37 \\]<\/p>\n<p><strong>Sonu\u00e7:<\/strong> yakla\u015f\u0131k 0,437 mol\/L asikata ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131z var \u2014 yani her 1 birim asit formuna kabaca 4,37 birim baz formu.<\/p>\n<p>\n\r\n<\/section>\n<h2>Hesaplama Arac\u0131 Nas\u0131l Kullan\u0131l\u0131r?<\/h2>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>Ne Hesaplanacak<\/strong> b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc a\u00e7\u0131n ve <em>Asit ve baz miktarlar\u0131ndan tampon pH'\u0131<\/em> ya da <em>Hedef pH i\u00e7in gereken baz\/asit oran\u0131<\/em> se\u00e7eneklerinden birini se\u00e7in. Giri\u015f alanlar\u0131 otomatik olarak uyar: oran modunda baz miktar\u0131 gizlenir ve <strong>Hedef pH<\/strong> alan\u0131 belirir.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Asidin pKa De\u011ferini (HA)<\/strong> girin. Asetik asit i\u00e7in bu de\u011fer 4,76'd\u0131r; ba\u015fka bir asit i\u00e7in \\(K_a\\) de\u011ferini ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131p gerekiyorsa \\(-\\log_{10} K_a\\) hesaplay\u0131n.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Asit Formu Miktar\u0131n\u0131 (HA)<\/strong> girin ve a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131r listeden birimi (mol\/L, mmol\/L veya \u00b5mol\/L) se\u00e7in.<\/li>\n<li>pH modunda ayr\u0131ca <strong>Baz Formu Miktar\u0131n\u0131 (A\u207b)<\/strong> ve birimini girin. Oran modunda bunun yerine <strong>Hedef pH<\/strong> de\u011ferini girin.<\/li>\n<li>Sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 okuyun: tampon pH'\u0131 (pH modunda), \\([\\text{A}^-]\/[\\text{HA}]\\) baz\/asit oran\u0131, bunun tersi ve oran\u0131n etkin 0,1\u201310 tamponlama aral\u0131\u011f\u0131nda olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirten bir not.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2>Henderson\u2013Hasselbalch Denklemi Neyi Tan\u0131mlar?<\/h2>\n<p>Henderson\u2013Hasselbalch denklemi tampon \u00e7\u00f6zeltilerin davran\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 tan\u0131mlar. Tampon \u00e7\u00f6zeltiler, kendilerine az miktarda g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc asit veya baz eklendi\u011finde pH de\u011fi\u015fimine diren\u00e7 g\u00f6steren, bir zay\u0131f asit ile onun konjuge baz\u0131ndan (ya da bir zay\u0131f baz ile konjuge asidinden) olu\u015fan kar\u0131\u015f\u0131mlard\u0131r. Denklem, \\(K_a = [\\text{H}^+][\\text{A}^-]\/[\\text{HA}]\\) denge ifadesinin iki taraf\u0131n\u0131n negatif logaritmas\u0131 al\u0131narak do\u011frudan elde edilir. Yakla\u015f\u0131m, asit ve baz formlar\u0131n\u0131n her ikisinin de belirgin miktarda bulunmas\u0131n\u0131 gerektirdi\u011finden, denklem genel kimya, biyokimya ve eczac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n temel ara\u00e7lar\u0131ndan biridir.<\/p>\n<p>Denklemin verdi\u011fi en faydal\u0131 bilgi, pH ile pKa aras\u0131ndaki ili\u015fkidir. \\([\\text{A}^-] = [\\text{HA}]\\) oldu\u011funda oran 1 olur, logaritma 0 olur ve tam olarak pH = pKa olur \u2014 bu, bir titrasyonun yar\u0131 e\u015fde\u011ferlik noktas\u0131d\u0131r. Baz\/asit oran\u0131ndaki her on katl\u0131k de\u011fi\u015fim pH'\u0131 tam bir birim kayd\u0131r\u0131r: 10:1 oran\u0131 pH'\u0131 pKa'n\u0131n bir birim \u00fcst\u00fcne, 1:10 oran\u0131 ise bir birim alt\u0131na indirir.<\/p>\n<p>Sonu\u00e7u do\u011fru yorumlamak, onu hesaplamak kadar \u00f6nemlidir. Bir tampon, pH pKa'n\u0131n \u00b11 birim aral\u0131\u011f\u0131nda oldu\u011funda en etkilidir; bu, \\([\\text{A}^-]\/[\\text{HA}]\\) oran\u0131n\u0131n 0,1 ile 10 aras\u0131nda olmas\u0131 demektir. Bu aral\u0131\u011f\u0131n d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda bile\u015fenlerden biri neredeyse t\u00fckenmi\u015ftir ve \u00e7\u00f6zelti, bir y\u00f6nden eklenen asidi veya baz\u0131 n\u00f6tralize etme yetene\u011fini yitirir. Hedef pH'\u0131n\u0131z pKa'dan \u00e7ok uzaksa pratik \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm farkl\u0131 bir tampon sistemi se\u00e7mektir \u2014 \u00f6rne\u011fin pH 7,2 civar\u0131 i\u00e7in fosfat, pH 8,1 civar\u0131 i\u00e7in Tris.<\/p>\n<p>Denklem bazik form i\u00e7in de ge\u00e7erlidir: zay\u0131f bir baz \\(\\text{B}\\) ve konjuge asidi \\(\\text{BH}^+\\) i\u00e7in ayn\u0131 ili\u015fki, konjuge asidin \\(\\text{p}K_a\\) de\u011feriyle kurulur. Uygulamada her tamponu bir asit\/baz konjuge \u00e7ifti olarak ele al\u0131p hesaplama arac\u0131n\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftirmeden kullanabilirsiniz.<\/p>\n<h2>Varsay\u0131mlar, S\u0131n\u0131rlamalar ve Pratik \u0130pu\u00e7lar\u0131<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Denge deri\u015fimleri ile eklenen miktarlar.<\/strong> Denklem, eklenen (analitik) HA ve A\u207b miktarlar\u0131n\u0131n denge deri\u015fimlerine e\u015fit oldu\u011funu varsayar. Bu, her iki form belirgin d\u00fczeyde bulundu\u011funda ve asit zay\u0131f oldu\u011funda do\u011frudur; ancak \u00e7ok seyreltik tamponlarda (yakla\u015f\u0131k 10\u207b\u00b3 mol\/L alt\u0131nda) veya a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 zay\u0131f ya da g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc asitlerde ge\u00e7erlili\u011fini yitirir.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Aktivite ile deri\u015fim.<\/strong> Kat\u0131 bi\u00e7imi molar deri\u015fim yerine aktiviteleri kullan\u0131r. \u0130yonik kuvvet yakla\u015f\u0131k 0,1 mol\/L'yi a\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131nda aktivite katsay\u0131lar\u0131 1'den belirgin bi\u00e7imde sapar ve hesaplanan pH 0,1\u20130,3 birim sapabilir. Bu d\u00fczeltmenin \u00f6nemli olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 anlamak i\u00e7in <a href=\"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/en\/chemistry\/ionic-strength-calculator\/\">\u00e7\u00f6zeltinizin iyonik kuvvetini<\/a> kontrol edin.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Ge\u00e7erli pH aral\u0131\u011f\u0131.<\/strong> Denklem yakla\u015f\u0131k pH 2'nin alt\u0131nda ve pH 12'nin \u00fcst\u00fcnde g\u00fcvenilir de\u011fildir; bu b\u00f6lgelerde suyun otoiyonizasyonu ve aktivite etkileri b\u00fcy\u00fcr. G\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir asit veya baz deri\u015fiminden do\u011frudan pH hesaplamak i\u00e7in \u00f6zel <a href=\"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/en\/chemistry\/ph-calculator\/\">pH hesaplama arac\u0131n\u0131<\/a> kullan\u0131n.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Birimler oranda sadele\u015fir.<\/strong> Yaln\u0131zca \\([\\text{A}^-]\/[\\text{HA}]\\) oran\u0131 \u00f6nemli oldu\u011fundan, iki miktar ayn\u0131 birimi kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00fcrece mol, deri\u015fim hatta milimol cinsinden girilebilir. Hesaplama arac\u0131 birimleri otomatik olarak d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fcr.<\/li>\n<li><strong>S\u0131cakl\u0131k ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131.<\/strong> pKa de\u011ferleri s\u0131cakl\u0131kla de\u011fi\u015fir (asetik asit yaln\u0131zca \u00e7ok az de\u011fi\u015fir, ancak Tris \u00b0C ba\u015f\u0131na yakla\u015f\u0131k \u22120,03 pH birimi kayar). Hassas \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalarda, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131zda \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f bir pKa de\u011feri kullan\u0131n.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0130lgili i\u015flemler.<\/strong> Bir titrasyon s\u0131ras\u0131nda tamponun pH'\u0131n\u0131n pKa'ya e\u015fit oldu\u011fu noktay\u0131 bulmak i\u00e7in <a href=\"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/kimya\/asit-baz-titrasyon-hesaplayici\/\">asit\u2013baz titrasyonu hesaplama arac\u0131na<\/a> bak\u0131n; bir tuz k\u00fctlesini buraya girece\u011finiz mol miktar\u0131na d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrmek i\u00e7in <a href=\"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/en\/chemistry\/molarity-calculator\/\">molarite hesaplama arac\u0131n\u0131<\/a> kullan\u0131n.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>S\u0131k Kullan\u0131lan Tampon Sistemleri ve pKa De\u011ferleri<\/h2>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Tampon \u00e7ifti<\/th>\n<th>pKa (25 \u00b0C)<\/th>\n<th>Kullan\u0131\u015fl\u0131 pH aral\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>Asetik asit \/ asetat<\/td>\n<td>4.76<\/td>\n<td>3.8 \u2013 5.8<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Karbonik asit \/ bikarbonat<\/td>\n<td>6.35<\/td>\n<td>5.4 \u2013 7.4<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Dihidrojen fosfat \/ hidrojen fosfat<\/td>\n<td>7.21<\/td>\n<td>6.2 \u2013 8.2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Tris\u00b7H\u207a \/ Tris<\/td>\n<td>8.06<\/td>\n<td>7.1 \u2013 9.1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Amonyum \/ amonyak<\/td>\n<td>9.25<\/td>\n<td>8.3 \u2013 10.3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>pKa de\u011feri ile asit ve konjuge baz miktarlar\u0131ndan tampon \u00e7\u00f6zeltinin pH'\u0131n\u0131 hesaplay\u0131n ya da hedeflenen pH'a ula\u015fmak i\u00e7in gereken baz\/asit oran\u0131n\u0131 bulun. pKa ve deri\u015fimleri girin, sonu\u00e7 an\u0131nda kar\u015f\u0131n\u0131zda.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3168,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[25],"class_list":["post-3814","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-kimya","tag-tampon-cozeltiler"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3814","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3168"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3814"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3814\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3814"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3814"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3814"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}