{"id":3817,"date":"2026-10-07T12:01:38","date_gmt":"2026-10-07T11:01:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/kimya\/izoelektrik-nokta-hesaplama\/"},"modified":"2026-10-07T12:01:38","modified_gmt":"2026-10-07T11:01:38","slug":"izoelektrik-nokta-hesaplama","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/kimya\/izoelektrik-nokta-hesaplama\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0130zoelektrik Nokta Hesaplay\u0131c\u0131"},"content":{"rendered":"<section class=\"not-prose calculator-box\" aria-labelledby=\"calculator-title\"><div class=\"flex items-baseline sm:items-center justify-between gap-2 sm:gap-3\"><div class=\"flex flex-col sm:flex-row sm:items-center gap-2\"><span class=\"icon icon-calculator text-primary-700! text-base! dark:text-primary-300!\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><h2 id=\"calculator-title\" class=\"text-lg font-display font-bold\">Net y\u00fck\u00fcn s\u0131f\u0131r oldu\u011fu pH de\u011ferini bulun<\/h2><\/div><div class=\"calcdash-favorite group\">\n  <button type=\"button\" class=\"favorite\" id=\"favorite\" data-favorite-id=\"3817\" data-favorite-title=\"\u0130zoelektrik Nokta\" data-favorite-url=\"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/kimya\/izoelektrik-nokta-hesaplama\/\" data-favorite-excerpt=\"Bir molek\u00fcl\u00fcn asidik ve bazik gruplar\u0131na ait pKa de\u011ferlerini girin; net y\u00fck\u00fcn s\u0131f\u0131r oldu\u011fu pH de\u011feri olan izoelektrik noktas\u0131n\u0131 (pI) bulun. Henderson\u2013Hasselbalch y\u00fck kesirlerine dayan\u0131r ve grup grup y\u00fck d\u00f6k\u00fcm\u00fc verir.\" aria-label=\"Favorilere ekle\" data-favorite-icon=\"icon icon-biology\">\n    <span class=\"icon icon-shape-star-empty\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>\n  <\/button>\n  <div class=\"calcdash-favorite__tip\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n   <span class=\"favorite-tooltip\" id=\"favorite-tooltip\"><\/span>\n  <\/div>\n  <span class=\"sr-only\" role=\"status\" id=\"favorite-status\"><\/span>\n<\/div><\/div><form action=\"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/kimya\/izoelektrik-nokta-hesaplama\/\" method=\"POST\" class=\"calculator\" id=\"calculator-3817\" data-post=\"3817\"><fieldset class=\"fieldset-input is-1\"><legend class=\"sr-only\">Giri\u015f alanlar\u0131<\/legend><div class=\"is-single field\" id=\"input-1\"><span class=\"font-semibold\">Asidik gruplar (deprotonland\u0131\u011f\u0131nda negatif y\u00fcklenir)<\/span><\/div><div class=\"field\" id=\"input-2\"><label for=\"field-2\">Asidik pKa de\u011ferleri<\/label><textarea id=\"field-2\" name=\"asidik_pka_deerleri\">2.10; 3.86<\/textarea><\/div><div class=\"is-single field\" id=\"input-3\"><span class=\"font-semibold\">Bazik gruplar (protonland\u0131\u011f\u0131nda pozitif y\u00fcklenir)<\/span><\/div><div class=\"field\" id=\"input-4\"><label for=\"field-4\">Bazik pKa de\u011ferleri<\/label><textarea id=\"field-4\" name=\"bazik_pka_deerleri\">9.82<\/textarea><\/div><\/fieldset><div class=\"buttons\"><button type=\"submit\" data-text=\"Yeniden hesapla\" id=\"calculate-button\" data-post=\"3817\">Hesapla<\/button><button type=\"reset\">S\u0131f\u0131rla<\/button><\/div><div class=\"field is-checkbox hidden!\" id=\"field-auto-calc\"><input type=\"checkbox\" id=\"auto-calc\"><label for=\"auto-calc\">Otomatik hesapla<\/label><small>Etkinle\u015ftirilirse, herhangi bir de\u011feri de\u011fi\u015ftirdi\u011finizde sonu\u00e7 otomatik olarak g\u00fcncellenir.<\/small><\/div><div class=\"fieldset-result is-hidden\" aria-labelledby=\"result-title\" aria-live=\"polite\" role=\"region\"> <h3 class=\"result-title bg-gradient-to-r from-primary-50 to-gray-50 dark:from-primary-900 dark:to-gray-800\" id=\"result-title\"><span class=\"icon icon-s-pulse\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span> \u0130zoelektrik nokta sonu\u00e7lar\u0131<\/h3><div class=\"result-box\"><div class=\"field-result\" id=\"output-1\"><span class=\"field-title\"><span>Tahmini izoelektrik nokta<\/span><span class=\"result-term\">pI<\/span><\/span><span class=\"field-value\" id=\"result-1\" data-unit=\"pH\"><\/span><button type=\"button\" class=\"copy-result\" data-tooltip=\"Sonucu kopyala\" aria-label=\"Sonucu kopyala\"><span class=\"copy-icon icon icon-document-copy\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><\/button><\/div><div class=\"field-result\" id=\"output-2\"><span class=\"field-title\"><span>pI&#039;deki net y\u00fck<\/span><span class=\"result-term\">Z(pI)<\/span><\/span><span class=\"field-value\" id=\"result-2\"><\/span><button type=\"button\" class=\"copy-result\" data-tooltip=\"Sonucu kopyala\" aria-label=\"Sonucu kopyala\"><span class=\"copy-icon icon icon-document-copy\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><\/button><\/div><div class=\"field-result is-column\" id=\"output-3\"><span class=\"field-title\"><span>Hesaplama ayr\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131<\/span><\/span><span class=\"field-value\" id=\"result-3\"><\/span><button type=\"button\" class=\"copy-result\" data-tooltip=\"Sonucu kopyala\" aria-label=\"Sonucu kopyala\"><span class=\"copy-icon icon icon-document-copy\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><\/button><\/div><\/div><div class=\"result-actions\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"copy-link\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 20 20\" fill=\"currentColor\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M12.232 4.232a2.5 2.5 0 0 1 3.536 3.536l-1.225 1.224a.75.75 0 0 0 1.061 1.06l1.224-1.224a4 4 0 0 0-5.656-5.656l-3 3a4 4 0 0 0 .225 5.865.75.75 0 0 0 .977-1.138 2.5 2.5 0 0 1-.142-3.667l3-3Z\"\/><path d=\"M11.603 7.963a.75.75 0 0 0-.977 1.138 2.5 2.5 0 0 1 .142 3.667l-3 3a2.5 2.5 0 0 1-3.536-3.536l1.225-1.224a.75.75 0 0 0-1.061-1.06l-1.224 1.224a4 4 0 1 0 5.656 5.656l3-3a4 4 0 0 0-.225-5.865Z\"\/><\/svg><span class=\"copy-link__text\">Bu hesaplaman\u0131n ba\u011flant\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 kopyala<\/span><\/button><span class=\"sr-only\" role=\"status\" id=\"copy-link-status\"><\/span><\/div><\/div><a href=\"#respond\" class=\"hidden transition-opacity duration-300 opacity-0 w-50 text-sm justify-center items-center gap-2 px-4 py-2 rounded bg-gray-200 text-gray-700 hover:bg-gray-300\" id=\"leave-comment\"><span class=\"icon icon-comments\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Yorum b\u0131rak<\/a><\/form><\/section><section id=\"calc-reactions\" class=\"not-prose hidden my-12 bg-gradient-to-r from-primary-50 to-gray-50 border border-indigo-100 rounded-xl px-6 py-4 shadow-sm\" data-post=\"3817\" aria-live=\"polite\" aria-labelledby=\"calc-reactions-title\"><p id=\"calc-reactions-title\" class=\"text-sm text-gray-500 text-center mb-2\">Bu sonu\u00e7 hakk\u0131nda ne d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyorsunuz?<\/p><div role=\"group\" aria-labelledby=\"calc-reactions-title\" class=\"grid grid-cols-3 sm:flex sm:flex-row sm:justify-around gap-4 sm:items-center sm:flex-wrap\"><button type=\"button\" aria-pressed=\"false\" class=\"reaction-btn flex flex-col items-center gap-1 text-sm text-gray-700 hover:text-primary-600 cursor-pointer transition-transform hover:scale-105\" data-reaction=\"like\"><span class=\"reaction-count\" data-reaction-count=\"like\">0<\/span><span class=\"reaction text-3xl\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\ud83d\ude00 <\/span><span class=\"reaction-description font-medium\">Be\u011fendim <\/span><\/button><button type=\"button\" aria-pressed=\"false\" class=\"reaction-btn flex flex-col items-center gap-1 text-sm text-gray-700 hover:text-primary-600 cursor-pointer transition-transform hover:scale-105\" data-reaction=\"helpful\"><span class=\"reaction-count\" data-reaction-count=\"helpful\">0<\/span><span class=\"reaction text-3xl\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\ud83d\udca1 <\/span><span class=\"reaction-description font-medium\">Faydal\u0131 <\/span><\/button><button type=\"button\" aria-pressed=\"false\" class=\"reaction-btn flex flex-col items-center gap-1 text-sm text-gray-700 hover:text-primary-600 cursor-pointer transition-transform hover:scale-105\" data-reaction=\"confused\"><span class=\"reaction-count\" data-reaction-count=\"confused\">0<\/span><span class=\"reaction text-3xl\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\ud83d\ude15 <\/span><span class=\"reaction-description font-medium\">Kafam kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131 <\/span><\/button><button type=\"button\" aria-pressed=\"false\" class=\"reaction-btn flex flex-col items-center gap-1 text-sm text-gray-700 hover:text-primary-600 cursor-pointer transition-transform hover:scale-105\" data-reaction=\"disappointed\"><span class=\"reaction-count\" data-reaction-count=\"disappointed\">0<\/span><span class=\"reaction text-3xl\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\ud83d\ude1e <\/span><span class=\"reaction-description font-medium\">Hayal k\u0131r\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131 <\/span><\/button><button type=\"button\" aria-pressed=\"false\" class=\"reaction-btn flex flex-col items-center gap-1 text-sm text-gray-700 hover:text-primary-600 cursor-pointer transition-transform hover:scale-105\" data-reaction=\"inaccurate\"><span class=\"reaction-count\" data-reaction-count=\"inaccurate\">0<\/span><span class=\"reaction text-3xl\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\u274c <\/span><span class=\"reaction-description font-medium\">Hatal\u0131 <\/span><\/button><\/div><div id=\"reaction-message\" class=\"hidden mt-8 rounded-md border border-primary-100 bg-white\/50 backdrop-blur-sm px-4 py-2 text-sm text-center shadow-sm\"><\/div><\/section><div class=\"calcdash-ad not-prose calcdash-ad--calc_result calcdash-ad--in-article\"><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-1721569815777345\" data-ad-slot=\"6317458308\" data-ad-layout=\"in-article\" data-ad-format=\"fluid\"><\/ins><script>(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});<\/script><\/div>\n<style id=\"wpcoderpro-inline-1\">.formula-box {\r\n\tborder-bottom: none !important;\r\n}<\/style><section class=\"formula-box\" aria-labelledby=\"formula-title\">\r\n\t<div id=\"formula-title\" class=\"not-prose font-display mb-4\"><span class=\"icon icon-formula\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><h2>\u0130zoelektrik Nokta Form\u00fcl\u00fc<\/h2><\/div>\r\n\t<figure class=\"not-prose formula\">\r\n\t\t<figcaption class=\"formula-title\">Form\u00fcl<\/figcaption>\r\n\t\t<div class=\"text-base text-gray-800\" id=\"formula\">\n\\[ Z(\\mathrm{pH}) \\;=\\; \\sum_{\\text{bazik}} \\frac{1}{1+10^{\\,\\mathrm{pH}-pK_a}} \\;-\\; \\sum_{\\text{asidik}} \\frac{1}{1+10^{\\,pK_a-\\mathrm{pH}}} \\;=\\; 0 \\]\n<\/div>\r\n\t<\/figure>\r\n\t<\/p>\n<p><strong>Buradaki:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\\(Z(\\mathrm{pH})\\) \u2014 verilen pH de\u011ferinde molek\u00fcl\u00fcn net y\u00fck\u00fc<\/li>\n<li>\\(pK_a\\) \u2014 her bir iyonla\u015fabilir grubun (asidik veya bazik) ayr\u0131\u015fma sabiti<\/li>\n<li>\\(\\mathrm{pI}\\) \u2014 t\u00fcm k\u0131smi y\u00fcklerin toplam\u0131n\u0131n s\u0131f\u0131ra e\u015fit oldu\u011fu pH de\u011feri<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Her kesir, tek bir grubun Henderson\u2013Hasselbalch y\u00fck katk\u0131s\u0131d\u0131r: asidik bir grup 0 ile \\(-1\\) aras\u0131nda, bazik bir grup 0 ile \\(+1\\) aras\u0131nda katk\u0131 yapar; katk\u0131n\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, pH'\u0131n o grubun pKa de\u011ferinden ne kadar uzakta oldu\u011funa ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r. pI ise denklemin say\u0131sal y\u00f6ntemle \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclmesiyle bulunur.<\/p>\n<p>Her t\u00fcrden yaln\u0131zca bir gruba sahip bir molek\u00fclde (iyonla\u015fabilir yan zinciri olmayan basit bir amino asit) denklem, bilinen ders kitab\u0131 kural\u0131na indirgenir:<\/p>\n<p>\\[ \\mathrm{pI} \\;=\\; \\frac{pK_a(\\text{d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck}) + pK_a(\\text{y\u00fcksek})}{2} \\]<\/p>\n<p>buradaki iki pKa de\u011feri, n\u00f6tr (zwitteriyonik) formun iki yan\u0131nda yer alanlard\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>\r\n<\/section>\n<style id=\"wpcoderpro-inline-2\">.calculation-box {\r\n\tborder-bottom: none !important;\r\n}<\/style><section id=\"calculation\" class=\"calculation-box\" aria-labelledby=\"calculation-title\">\r\n\t<div id=\"calculation-title\" class=\"not-prose font-display\"><span class=\"icon icon-unordered-list\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><h2>\u0130zoelektrik Nokta \u2013 Hesaplama \u00d6rne\u011fi<\/h2><\/div>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00d6rnek:<\/strong> aspartik asit \u00fc\u00e7 iyonla\u015fabilir gruba sahiptir: C-ucu karboksil (pKa 2,10), asidik yan zincir karboksili (pKa 3,86) ve N-ucu amin (pKa 9,82). Bu de\u011ferler hesaplay\u0131c\u0131daki varsay\u0131lan settir.<\/p>\n<p>\\[ Z(\\mathrm{pH}) = \\frac{1}{1+10^{\\,\\mathrm{pH}-9.82}} - \\frac{1}{1+10^{\\,2.10-\\mathrm{pH}}} - \\frac{1}{1+10^{\\,3.86-\\mathrm{pH}}} \\]<\/p>\n<p>pH 0\u201314 aral\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ikiye b\u00f6lme y\u00f6ntemiyle \\(Z(\\mathrm{pH}) = 0\\) denklemi \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcl\u00fcrse:<\/p>\n<p>\\[ \\mathrm{pI} \\approx 2.98 \\]<\/p>\n<p>pH 2,98'de tek tek gruplar\u0131n y\u00fckleri \u015f\u00f6yledir: C-ucu karboksil \\(\\approx -0.883\\), yan zincir karboksili \\(\\approx -0.116\\), N-ucu amin \\(\\approx +1.000\\). Bunlar\u0131n toplam\u0131 s\u0131f\u0131rd\u0131r ve sonucu do\u011frular.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Sonu\u00e7:<\/strong> pI \u2248 2,98 (net y\u00fck 0,0000). N-ucu amin bu pH b\u00f6lgesinde tamamen protonlanm\u0131\u015f kald\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan, bu de\u011fer n\u00f6tr formun iki yan\u0131ndaki pKa de\u011ferlerinin ortalamas\u0131na, yani \\((2.10 + 3.86)\/2 = 2.98\\) de\u011ferine e\u015fittir.<\/p>\n<p>\n\r\n<\/section>\n<h2>\u0130zoelektrik Nokta Hesaplay\u0131c\u0131 Nas\u0131l Kullan\u0131l\u0131r?<\/h2>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>Asidik pKa de\u011ferlerini<\/strong> listeleyin \u2014 protonunu kaybetti\u011finde negatif y\u00fcklenecek t\u00fcm gruplar: C-ucu karboksil ve Asp (\u2248 3,9), Glu (\u2248 4,2), Cys (\u2248 8,3) ile Tyr (\u2248 10,1) gibi yan zincirler. De\u011ferleri bo\u015fluk, noktal\u0131 virg\u00fcl, virg\u00fcl veya sat\u0131r ba\u015f\u0131 ile ay\u0131r\u0131n.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Bazik pKa de\u011ferlerini<\/strong> listeleyin \u2014 protonland\u0131\u011f\u0131nda pozitif y\u00fcklenen t\u00fcm gruplar: N-ucu amin ve His (\u2248 6,0), Lys (\u2248 10,5) ile Arg (\u2248 12,5) gibi yan zincirler.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Tahmini izoelektrik noktay\u0131<\/strong> (net y\u00fck\u00fcn s\u0131f\u0131r oldu\u011fu pH de\u011ferini) ve <strong>pI noktas\u0131ndaki net y\u00fck\u00fc<\/strong> okuyun; bu de\u011fer 0 ya da buna zor bela yak\u0131n olmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li>\n<li>T\u00fcm pKa de\u011ferlerini do\u011fru girip girmedi\u011finizi h\u0131zl\u0131ca kontrol etmek i\u00e7in <strong>Hesaplama Ayr\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131<\/strong> tablosuna bak\u0131n; tabloda pI noktas\u0131nda her grubun k\u0131smi y\u00fck\u00fc ayr\u0131 ayr\u0131 g\u00f6sterilir.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2>\u0130zoelektrik Nokta Nedir?<\/h2>\n<p>\u0130zoelektrik nokta (pI), bir molek\u00fcl\u00fcn \u2014 genellikle bir amino asidin, peptidin veya proteinin \u2014 net elektrik y\u00fck\u00fcn\u00fcn s\u0131f\u0131r oldu\u011fu pH de\u011feridir. pI de\u011ferinin alt\u0131nda molek\u00fcl genel olarak pozitif, \u00fcst\u00fcnde ise genel olarak negatiftir. Tam pI noktas\u0131nda pozitif ve negatif y\u00fckler birbirini tam olarak dengeler: t\u00fcr \u00e7o\u011funlukla zwitteriyon bi\u00e7iminde ya da katk\u0131lar\u0131 birbirini iptal eden bir y\u00fck durumlar\u0131 toplulu\u011fu halinde bulunur.<\/p>\n<p>Molek\u00fcl \u00fczerindeki iyonla\u015fabilir gruplar bir anahtar gibi aniden a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131p kapanmaz. Her biri, kendi pKa de\u011feri civar\u0131nda kademeli bir ge\u00e7i\u015f yapar ve bu ge\u00e7i\u015fi Henderson\u2013Hasselbalch ili\u015fkisi belirler (temeldeki denklem i\u00e7in <a href=\"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/kimya\/henderson-hasselbalch-hesaplama\/\">Henderson\u2013Hasselbalch hesaplay\u0131c\u0131s\u0131na<\/a> bak\u0131n). Bu hesaplay\u0131c\u0131, her pH de\u011ferinde t\u00fcm gruplar\u0131n kesirli y\u00fcklerini toplar ve toplam\u0131n s\u0131f\u0131r\u0131 kesti\u011fi noktay\u0131 bulur \u2014 ara\u015ft\u0131rma ara\u00e7lar\u0131ndaki peptit pI tahminleri de ayn\u0131 yolla yap\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>pI'n\u0131n \u00f6nemli olmas\u0131n\u0131n nedeni, y\u00fck\u00fcn davran\u0131\u015f\u0131 belirlemesidir. pI noktas\u0131ndaki bir molek\u00fcl elektrostatik itme g\u00f6stermez; bu y\u00fczden en az \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcr, \u00e7\u00f6kmeye ya da toplulla\u015fmaya en yatk\u0131n oldu\u011fu haldedir \u2014 protein kristallendirilmesinde ve izoelektrik odakland\u0131rmada kullan\u0131lan olgu budur; izoelektrik odakland\u0131rmada proteinler, kendi pI noktalar\u0131nda duruncaya kadar bir pH gradyan\u0131 boyunca g\u00f6\u00e7 eder. pI ayr\u0131ca elektroforetik hareketlili\u011fi belirler ve hangi peptitlerin belirli bir tampon pH's\u0131nda iyon de\u011fi\u015fim re\u00e7inelerine ba\u011flanaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6ng\u00f6rmede yard\u0131mc\u0131 olur. Tampon sistemleriyle \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yorsan\u0131z, \u00e7\u00f6zeltinin kendisini haz\u0131rlarken <a href=\"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/en\/chemistry\/ph-calculator\/\">pH hesaplay\u0131c\u0131s\u0131<\/a> faydal\u0131 bir yard\u0131mc\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n<h2>Sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n Yorumlanmas\u0131<\/h2>\n<p><strong>Tahmini izoelektrik nokta<\/strong>, net y\u00fck\u00fcn s\u0131f\u0131r oldu\u011fu pH de\u011feridir. <strong>Hesaplama Ayr\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131<\/strong> tablosu, bu pH'da her grubun k\u0131smi y\u00fck\u00fcn\u00fc g\u00f6sterir: \u00b11'e yak\u0131n de\u011ferler grubun b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde tam iyonla\u015fm\u0131\u015f oldu\u011funu, 0'a yak\u0131n de\u011ferler ise b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde n\u00f6tr oldu\u011funu anlat\u0131r; ara de\u011ferler ise pI'n\u0131n iki yan\u0131na yay\u0131lan \u2014 yani pI'y\u0131 ger\u00e7ekten belirleyen \u2014 gruplara i\u015faret eder.<\/p>\n<p>Basit amino asitlerde sonu\u00e7 genellikle, n\u00f6tr formun iki yan\u0131ndaki pKa de\u011ferlerinin ders kitaplar\u0131ndaki ortalamas\u0131yla \u00f6rt\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr. \u00dcst \u00fcste binen \u00e7ok say\u0131da pKa'ya sahip peptit ve molek\u00fcllerde ise burada kullan\u0131lan say\u0131sal \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm, t\u00fcm gruplar\u0131 ayn\u0131 anda hesaba katt\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in herhangi bir basit ortalamadan daha do\u011frudur.<\/p>\n<h2>Varsay\u0131mlar ve S\u0131n\u0131rlamalar<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z protonlanma:<\/strong> her grubun kom\u015fular\u0131n\u0131 etkilemeden, ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z olarak iyonla\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 varsay\u0131l\u0131r. Bu varsay\u0131m amino asitler ve k\u0131sa peptitler i\u00e7in iyi sa\u011flan\u0131r.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Standart pKa de\u011ferleri:<\/strong> tablolardaki pKa de\u011ferleri (genellikle 25 \u00b0C'de \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f) oldu\u011fu gibi kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Ger\u00e7ek bir proteinde yerel ortam, bir yan zincirin pKa de\u011ferini bir birimden fazla kayd\u0131rabilir; bu nedenle b\u00fcy\u00fck proteinler i\u00e7in hesaplanan pI de\u011ferleri yaln\u0131zca tahmin niteli\u011findedir.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Fizyolojik aral\u0131k:<\/strong> hesaplay\u0131c\u0131 s\u0131f\u0131r y\u00fck noktas\u0131n\u0131 pH 0 ile 14 aras\u0131nda arar ve net y\u00fck\u00fcn bu aral\u0131kta hi\u00e7 s\u0131f\u0131r\u0131 kesmemesi h\u00e2linde hata bildirir.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0130yonik kuvvet etkileri:<\/strong> aktivite katsay\u0131lar\u0131 yok say\u0131l\u0131r. Y\u00fcksek tuz deri\u015fimlerinde etkin pKa de\u011ferleri \u2014 ve dolay\u0131s\u0131yla pI \u2014 kayar; tamponunuzun ne kadar kuvvetli oldu\u011funu g\u00f6rmek i\u00e7in <a href=\"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/kimya\/iyonik-kuvvet-hesaplama\/\">\u0130yonik Kuvvet hesaplay\u0131c\u0131s\u0131na<\/a> bak\u0131n.<\/li>\n<li><strong>T\u00fcm iyonla\u015fabilir gruplar\u0131 girin:<\/strong> bir yan zinciri (\u00f6rne\u011fin peptitteki tek His'i) atlamak, hatal\u0131 pI de\u011ferlerinin en yayg\u0131n kayna\u011f\u0131d\u0131r. Ayr\u0131nt\u0131lar tablosu, eksik gruplar\u0131 hemen fark etmenizi sa\u011flar.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Tipik pKa Ba\u015fvuru De\u011ferleri<\/h2>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Grup<\/th>\n<th>pKa (yakla\u015f\u0131k)<\/th>\n<th>T\u00fcr<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>C-ucu karboksil<\/td>\n<td>2.0\u20132.2<\/td>\n<td>Asidik<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Asp yan zinciri<\/td>\n<td>3.9<\/td>\n<td>Asidik<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Glu yan zinciri<\/td>\n<td>4.2<\/td>\n<td>Asidik<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>His yan zinciri<\/td>\n<td>6.0<\/td>\n<td>Bazik<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Cys yan zinciri<\/td>\n<td>8.3<\/td>\n<td>Asidik<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>N-ucu amin<\/td>\n<td>9.0\u20139.8<\/td>\n<td>Bazik<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Tyr yan zinciri<\/td>\n<td>10.1<\/td>\n<td>Asidik<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Lys yan zinciri<\/td>\n<td>10.5<\/td>\n<td>Bazik<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Arg yan zinciri<\/td>\n<td>12.5<\/td>\n<td>Bazik<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>Bu de\u011ferleri bir ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 noktas\u0131 olarak kullan\u0131n; do\u011fruluk \u00f6nemli oldu\u011funda her zaman, kendi molek\u00fcl\u00fcn\u00fcz i\u00e7in \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f ya da literat\u00fcrdeki pKa de\u011ferlerini yerine koyun. Tamponun kendisinin asit\u2013baz davran\u0131\u015f\u0131 i\u00e7in <a href=\"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/kimya\/asit-baz-titrasyon-hesaplayici\/\">Tit\u00fclasyon hesaplay\u0131c\u0131s\u0131<\/a>, pKa b\u00f6lgesinin pratikte nas\u0131l g\u00f6r\u00fcnd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc g\u00f6sterir.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Bir molek\u00fcl\u00fcn asidik ve bazik gruplar\u0131na ait pKa de\u011ferlerini girin; net y\u00fck\u00fcn s\u0131f\u0131r oldu\u011fu pH de\u011feri olan izoelektrik noktas\u0131n\u0131 (pI) bulun. Henderson\u2013Hasselbalch y\u00fck kesirlerine dayan\u0131r ve grup grup y\u00fck d\u00f6k\u00fcm\u00fc verir.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3168,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[22],"class_list":["post-3817","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-kimya","tag-biyokimya"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3817","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3168"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3817"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3817\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3817"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3817"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3817"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}