{"id":3818,"date":"2026-10-07T12:02:06","date_gmt":"2026-10-07T11:02:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/kimya\/hess-yasasi-hesaplayici\/"},"modified":"2026-10-07T12:02:06","modified_gmt":"2026-10-07T11:02:06","slug":"hess-yasasi-hesaplayici","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/kimya\/hess-yasasi-hesaplayici\/","title":{"rendered":"Hess Yasas\u0131 Hesaplay\u0131c\u0131"},"content":{"rendered":"<section class=\"not-prose calculator-box\" aria-labelledby=\"calculator-title\"><div class=\"flex items-baseline sm:items-center justify-between gap-2 sm:gap-3\"><div class=\"flex flex-col sm:flex-row sm:items-center gap-2\"><span class=\"icon icon-calculator text-primary-700! text-base! dark:text-primary-300!\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><h2 id=\"calculator-title\" class=\"text-lg font-display font-bold\">Bir Reaksiyonun Entalpisini Di\u011fer Reaksiyonlardan veya Olu\u015fum Entalpilerinden Bulun<\/h2><\/div><div class=\"calcdash-favorite group\">\n  <button type=\"button\" class=\"favorite\" id=\"favorite\" data-favorite-id=\"3818\" data-favorite-title=\"Hess Yasas\u0131\" data-favorite-url=\"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/kimya\/hess-yasasi-hesaplayici\/\" data-favorite-excerpt=\"Hess yasas\u0131yla herhangi bir tepkimenin entalpi de\u011fi\u015fimini hesaplay\u0131n: bilinen tepkimeleri \u00e7arpanlarla birle\u015ftirin ya da hedef tepkimeyi standart olu\u015fum entalpilerinden kurun. De\u011ferlerinizi girin, sonucu kJ\/mol ve kcal\/mol cinsinden al\u0131n.\" aria-label=\"Favorilere ekle\" data-favorite-icon=\"icon icon-chemistry-1\">\n    <span class=\"icon icon-shape-star-empty\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>\n  <\/button>\n  <div class=\"calcdash-favorite__tip\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n   <span class=\"favorite-tooltip\" id=\"favorite-tooltip\"><\/span>\n  <\/div>\n  <span class=\"sr-only\" role=\"status\" id=\"favorite-status\"><\/span>\n<\/div><\/div><form action=\"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/kimya\/hess-yasasi-hesaplayici\/\" method=\"POST\" class=\"calculator\" id=\"calculator-3818\" data-post=\"3818\"><fieldset class=\"fieldset-input is-2\"><legend class=\"sr-only\">Giri\u015f alanlar\u0131<\/legend><div class=\"field is-single\" id=\"input-1\"><label for=\"field-1\">Hesaplama Y\u00f6ntemi<\/label><div class=\"grid grid-cols-1\"><select id=\"field-1\" name=\"hesaplama_yntemi\"><option value=\"reactions\" selected>Bilinen reaksiyonlar\u0131 toplayarak (Hess \u00e7evrimi)<\/option><option value=\"formation\">Standart olu\u015fum entalpilerinden (\u0394H\u00b0f)<\/option><\/select><svg class=\"pointer-events-none col-start-1 row-start-1 mr-2 size-5 self-center justify-self-end text-gray-500 sm:size-4\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" fill=\"currentColor\" aria-hidden=\"true\" data-slot=\"icon\">\n              <path fill-rule=\"evenodd\" d=\"M4.22 6.22a.75.75 0 0 1 1.06 0L8 8.94l2.72-2.72a.75.75 0 1 1 1.06 1.06l-3.25 3.25a.75.75 0 0 1-1.06 0L4.22 7.28a.75.75 0 0 1 0-1.06Z\" clip-rule=\"evenodd\" \/>\n            <\/svg><\/div><\/div><div class=\"field is-single\" id=\"input-2\"><label for=\"field-2\">Girilen De\u011ferlerin Enerji Birimi<\/label><div class=\"grid grid-cols-1\"><select id=\"field-2\" name=\"girilen_deerlerin_enerji_birimi\"><option value=\"kJ\" selected>kJ\/mol<\/option><option value=\"kcal\">kcal\/mol<\/option><\/select><svg class=\"pointer-events-none col-start-1 row-start-1 mr-2 size-5 self-center justify-self-end text-gray-500 sm:size-4\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" fill=\"currentColor\" aria-hidden=\"true\" data-slot=\"icon\">\n              <path fill-rule=\"evenodd\" d=\"M4.22 6.22a.75.75 0 0 1 1.06 0L8 8.94l2.72-2.72a.75.75 0 1 1 1.06 1.06l-3.25 3.25a.75.75 0 0 1-1.06 0L4.22 7.28a.75.75 0 0 1 0-1.06Z\" clip-rule=\"evenodd\" \/>\n            <\/svg><\/div><\/div><div class=\"is-single field\" id=\"input-3\"><span class=\"font-semibold\">Bilinen Reaksiyonlar (Hess \u00c7evrimi)<\/span><\/div><div class=\"field is-single\" id=\"input-4\"><label for=\"field-4\">Her Bilinen Reaksiyonun \u0394H De\u011feri<\/label><textarea id=\"field-4\" name=\"her_bilinen_reaksiyonun_h_deeri\">-393.5; -283.0<\/textarea><\/div><div class=\"field is-single\" id=\"input-5\"><label for=\"field-5\">Her Reaksiyonun \u00c7arpan\u0131<\/label><textarea id=\"field-5\" name=\"her_reaksiyonun_arpan\">1; -1<\/textarea><\/div><div class=\"is-single field\" id=\"input-6\" hidden><span class=\"font-semibold\">Standart Olu\u015fum Entalpileri<\/span><\/div><div class=\"field is-single\" id=\"input-7\" hidden><label for=\"field-7\">Her \u00dcr\u00fcn\u00fcn \u0394H\u00b0f De\u011feri<\/label><textarea id=\"field-7\" name=\"her_rnn_hf_deeri\">-393.5; -285.8<\/textarea><\/div><div class=\"field is-single\" id=\"input-8\" hidden><label for=\"field-8\">Her \u00dcr\u00fcn\u00fcn Katsay\u0131s\u0131<\/label><textarea id=\"field-8\" name=\"her_rnn_katsays\">1; 2<\/textarea><\/div><div class=\"field is-single\" id=\"input-9\" hidden><label for=\"field-9\">Her Girenin \u0394H\u00b0f De\u011feri<\/label><textarea id=\"field-9\" name=\"her_girenin_hf_deeri\">-74.8; 0<\/textarea><\/div><div class=\"field is-single\" id=\"input-10\" hidden><label for=\"field-10\">Her Girenin Katsay\u0131s\u0131<\/label><textarea id=\"field-10\" name=\"her_girenin_katsays\">1; 2<\/textarea><\/div><\/fieldset><div class=\"buttons\"><button type=\"submit\" data-text=\"Yeniden hesapla\" id=\"calculate-button\" data-post=\"3818\">Hesapla<\/button><button type=\"reset\">S\u0131f\u0131rla<\/button><\/div><div class=\"field is-checkbox hidden!\" id=\"field-auto-calc\"><input type=\"checkbox\" id=\"auto-calc\"><label for=\"auto-calc\">Otomatik hesapla<\/label><small>Etkinle\u015ftirilirse, herhangi bir de\u011feri de\u011fi\u015ftirdi\u011finizde sonu\u00e7 otomatik olarak g\u00fcncellenir.<\/small><\/div><div class=\"fieldset-result is-hidden\" aria-labelledby=\"result-title\" aria-live=\"polite\" role=\"region\"> <h3 class=\"result-title bg-gradient-to-r from-primary-50 to-gray-50 dark:from-primary-900 dark:to-gray-800\" id=\"result-title\"><span class=\"icon icon-s-pulse\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span> Hess Yasas\u0131 Sonu\u00e7lar\u0131<\/h3><div class=\"result-box\"><div class=\"field-result\" id=\"output-1\"><span class=\"field-title\"><span>Reaksiyon Entalpisi<\/span><span class=\"result-term\">\u0394H\u00b0rxn<\/span><\/span><span class=\"field-value\" id=\"result-1\" data-unit=\"kJ\/mol\"><\/span><button type=\"button\" class=\"copy-result\" data-tooltip=\"Sonucu kopyala\" aria-label=\"Sonucu kopyala\"><span class=\"copy-icon icon icon-document-copy\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><\/button><\/div><div class=\"field-result\" id=\"output-2\"><span class=\"field-title\"><span>kcal\/mol Kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/span><\/span><span class=\"field-value\" id=\"result-2\" data-unit=\"kcal\/mol\"><\/span><button type=\"button\" class=\"copy-result\" data-tooltip=\"Sonucu kopyala\" aria-label=\"Sonucu kopyala\"><span class=\"copy-icon icon icon-document-copy\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><\/button><\/div><div class=\"field-result is-column\" id=\"output-3\"><span class=\"field-title\"><span>Yorum<\/span><\/span><span class=\"field-value\" id=\"result-3\"><\/span><button type=\"button\" class=\"copy-result\" data-tooltip=\"Sonucu kopyala\" aria-label=\"Sonucu kopyala\"><span class=\"copy-icon icon icon-document-copy\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><\/button><\/div><div class=\"field-result is-column\" id=\"output-4\"><span class=\"field-title\"><span>Hesaplama Ayr\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131<\/span><\/span><span class=\"field-value\" id=\"result-4\"><\/span><button type=\"button\" class=\"copy-result\" data-tooltip=\"Sonucu kopyala\" aria-label=\"Sonucu kopyala\"><span class=\"copy-icon icon icon-document-copy\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><\/button><\/div><\/div><div class=\"result-actions\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"copy-link\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 20 20\" fill=\"currentColor\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M12.232 4.232a2.5 2.5 0 0 1 3.536 3.536l-1.225 1.224a.75.75 0 0 0 1.061 1.06l1.224-1.224a4 4 0 0 0-5.656-5.656l-3 3a4 4 0 0 0 .225 5.865.75.75 0 0 0 .977-1.138 2.5 2.5 0 0 1-.142-3.667l3-3Z\"\/><path d=\"M11.603 7.963a.75.75 0 0 0-.977 1.138 2.5 2.5 0 0 1 .142 3.667l-3 3a2.5 2.5 0 0 1-3.536-3.536l1.225-1.224a.75.75 0 0 0-1.061-1.06l-1.224 1.224a4 4 0 1 0 5.656 5.656l3-3a4 4 0 0 0-.225-5.865Z\"\/><\/svg><span class=\"copy-link__text\">Bu hesaplaman\u0131n ba\u011flant\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 kopyala<\/span><\/button><span class=\"sr-only\" role=\"status\" id=\"copy-link-status\"><\/span><\/div><\/div><a href=\"#respond\" class=\"hidden transition-opacity duration-300 opacity-0 w-50 text-sm justify-center items-center gap-2 px-4 py-2 rounded bg-gray-200 text-gray-700 hover:bg-gray-300\" id=\"leave-comment\"><span class=\"icon icon-comments\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Yorum b\u0131rak<\/a><\/form><\/section><section id=\"calc-reactions\" class=\"not-prose hidden my-12 bg-gradient-to-r from-primary-50 to-gray-50 border border-indigo-100 rounded-xl px-6 py-4 shadow-sm\" data-post=\"3818\" aria-live=\"polite\" aria-labelledby=\"calc-reactions-title\"><p id=\"calc-reactions-title\" class=\"text-sm text-gray-500 text-center mb-2\">Bu sonu\u00e7 hakk\u0131nda ne d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyorsunuz?<\/p><div role=\"group\" aria-labelledby=\"calc-reactions-title\" class=\"grid grid-cols-3 sm:flex sm:flex-row sm:justify-around gap-4 sm:items-center sm:flex-wrap\"><button type=\"button\" aria-pressed=\"false\" class=\"reaction-btn flex flex-col items-center gap-1 text-sm text-gray-700 hover:text-primary-600 cursor-pointer transition-transform hover:scale-105\" data-reaction=\"like\"><span class=\"reaction-count\" data-reaction-count=\"like\">0<\/span><span class=\"reaction text-3xl\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\ud83d\ude00 <\/span><span class=\"reaction-description font-medium\">Be\u011fendim <\/span><\/button><button type=\"button\" aria-pressed=\"false\" class=\"reaction-btn flex flex-col items-center gap-1 text-sm text-gray-700 hover:text-primary-600 cursor-pointer transition-transform hover:scale-105\" data-reaction=\"helpful\"><span class=\"reaction-count\" data-reaction-count=\"helpful\">0<\/span><span class=\"reaction text-3xl\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\ud83d\udca1 <\/span><span class=\"reaction-description font-medium\">Faydal\u0131 <\/span><\/button><button type=\"button\" aria-pressed=\"false\" class=\"reaction-btn flex flex-col items-center gap-1 text-sm text-gray-700 hover:text-primary-600 cursor-pointer transition-transform hover:scale-105\" data-reaction=\"confused\"><span class=\"reaction-count\" data-reaction-count=\"confused\">0<\/span><span class=\"reaction text-3xl\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\ud83d\ude15 <\/span><span class=\"reaction-description font-medium\">Kafam kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131 <\/span><\/button><button type=\"button\" aria-pressed=\"false\" class=\"reaction-btn flex flex-col items-center gap-1 text-sm text-gray-700 hover:text-primary-600 cursor-pointer transition-transform hover:scale-105\" data-reaction=\"disappointed\"><span class=\"reaction-count\" data-reaction-count=\"disappointed\">0<\/span><span class=\"reaction text-3xl\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\ud83d\ude1e <\/span><span class=\"reaction-description font-medium\">Hayal k\u0131r\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131 <\/span><\/button><button type=\"button\" aria-pressed=\"false\" class=\"reaction-btn flex flex-col items-center gap-1 text-sm text-gray-700 hover:text-primary-600 cursor-pointer transition-transform hover:scale-105\" data-reaction=\"inaccurate\"><span class=\"reaction-count\" data-reaction-count=\"inaccurate\">0<\/span><span class=\"reaction text-3xl\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\u274c <\/span><span class=\"reaction-description font-medium\">Hatal\u0131 <\/span><\/button><\/div><div id=\"reaction-message\" class=\"hidden mt-8 rounded-md border border-primary-100 bg-white\/50 backdrop-blur-sm px-4 py-2 text-sm text-center shadow-sm\"><\/div><\/section><div class=\"calcdash-ad not-prose calcdash-ad--calc_result calcdash-ad--in-article\"><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-1721569815777345\" data-ad-slot=\"6317458308\" data-ad-layout=\"in-article\" data-ad-format=\"fluid\"><\/ins><script>(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});<\/script><\/div>\n<style id=\"wpcoderpro-inline-1\">.formula-box {\r\n\tborder-bottom: none !important;\r\n}<\/style><section class=\"formula-box\" aria-labelledby=\"formula-title\">\r\n\t<div id=\"formula-title\" class=\"not-prose font-display mb-4\"><span class=\"icon icon-formula\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><h2>Hess Yasas\u0131 Form\u00fcl\u00fc<\/h2><\/div>\r\n\t<figure class=\"not-prose formula\">\r\n\t\t<figcaption class=\"formula-title\">Form\u00fcl<\/figcaption>\r\n\t\t<div class=\"text-base text-gray-800\" id=\"formula\">\n\\[ \\Delta H^\\circ_{\\mathrm{rxn}} = \\sum_i n_i \\, \\Delta H^\\circ_i \\\\[4pt] \\Delta H^\\circ_{\\mathrm{rxn}} = \\sum_{\\text{\u00fcr\u00fcnler}} \\nu \\, \\Delta H^\\circ_f \\; - \\sum_{\\text{girenler}} \\nu \\, \\Delta H^\\circ_f \\]\n<\/div>\r\n\t<\/figure>\r\n\t<\/p>\n<p><strong>Burada:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\\(\\Delta H^\\circ_{\\mathrm{rxn}}\\) \u2014 hedef tepkimenin standart entalpi de\u011fi\u015fimi (kJ\/mol)<\/li>\n<li>\\(n_i\\) \u2014 bilinen \\(i\\) tepkimesine uygulanan \u00e7arpan (\u22121 tepkiyi tersine \u00e7evirir, \u00bd yar\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 al\u0131r)<\/li>\n<li>\\(\\Delta H^\\circ_i\\) \u2014 bilinen \\(i\\) tepkimesinin entalpi de\u011fi\u015fimi (kJ\/mol)<\/li>\n<li>\\(\\nu\\) \u2014 bir maddenin denkle\u015ftirilmi\u015f denklemdeki stokiyometrik katsay\u0131s\u0131<\/li>\n<li>\\(\\Delta H^\\circ_f\\) \u2014 bir maddenin standart olu\u015fum entalpisi (kJ\/mol)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Entalpi bir durum fonksiyonudur: yaln\u0131zca ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 ve biti\u015f durumlar\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r, izlenen yola de\u011fil. \u0130ki form\u00fcl de ayn\u0131 fikri ifade eder \u2014 bir tepkimenin entalpi de\u011fi\u015fimi, ister tek ad\u0131mda ister herhangi say\u0131da ad\u0131mda ger\u00e7ekle\u015fsin ayn\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>\r\n<\/section>\n<style id=\"wpcoderpro-inline-2\">.calculation-box {\r\n\tborder-bottom: none !important;\r\n}<\/style><section id=\"calculation\" class=\"calculation-box\" aria-labelledby=\"calculation-title\">\r\n\t<div id=\"calculation-title\" class=\"not-prose font-display\"><span class=\"icon icon-unordered-list\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><h2>Hess Yasas\u0131 \u2013 \u00d6rnek Hesaplama<\/h2><\/div>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00d6rnek:<\/strong> Karbon monoksidin olu\u015fum entalpisini, \\( \\mathrm{C(graphite) + \\tfrac{1}{2}O_2(g) \\to CO(g)} \\), iki \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f tepkimeden bulun: grafitin yanmas\u0131 \\( \\mathrm{C + O_2 \\to CO_2} \\), \\(\\Delta H^\\circ_1 = -393.5\\) kJ\/mol ve karbon monoksidin yanmas\u0131 \\( \\mathrm{CO + \\tfrac{1}{2}O_2 \\to CO_2} \\), \\(\\Delta H^\\circ_2 = -283.0\\) kJ\/mol.<\/p>\n<p>CO'nun \u00fcr\u00fcn taraf\u0131nda yer almas\u0131 i\u00e7in ikinci tepkinin ters \u00e7evrilmesi gerekir; dolay\u0131s\u0131yla \u00e7arpan\u0131 \u22121'dir:<\/p>\n<p>\\[ \\Delta H^\\circ_{\\mathrm{rxn}} = (1)\\times(-393.5) + (-1)\\times(-283.0) = -393.5 + 283.0 \\]<\/p>\n<p><strong>Sonu\u00e7:<\/strong> \\(\\Delta H^\\circ_{\\mathrm{rxn}} = -110.5\\) kJ\/mol olup bu, \u221226,41 kcal\/mol'a e\u015fittir. Bunlar tam olarak hesaplay\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n varsay\u0131lan de\u011ferleridir; sonucu hemen yeniden elde edebilirsiniz.<\/p>\n<p>\n\r\n<\/section>\n<h2>Hess Yasas\u0131 Hesaplay\u0131c\u0131 Nas\u0131l Kullan\u0131l\u0131r?<\/h2>\n<ol>\n<li>Bir <strong>Hesaplama Y\u00f6ntemi<\/strong> se\u00e7in: \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f tepkimeleri birle\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in \"Bilinen tepkimeleri topla (Hess \u00e7evrimi)\" ya da tepkimeyi tablolardaki de\u011ferlerden kurmak i\u00e7in \"Standart olu\u015fum entalpilerinden (\u0394H\u00b0f)\".<\/li>\n<li><strong>Girilen De\u011ferlerin Enerji Birimini<\/strong> kJ\/mol veya kcal\/mol olarak ayarlay\u0131n. Sonu\u00e7, se\u00e7iminizden ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z olarak her iki birimde de g\u00f6sterilir.<\/li>\n<li>Hess \u00e7evrimi y\u00f6ntemi i\u00e7in <strong>Her Bilinen Tepkimenin \u0394H De\u011ferini<\/strong> girin; de\u011ferleri noktal\u0131 virg\u00fcl, bo\u015fluk veya sat\u0131r sonu ile ay\u0131r\u0131n (\u00f6r. <code>-393.5; -283.0<\/code>).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Her Tepkimenin \u00c7arpan\u0131n\u0131<\/strong> ayn\u0131 s\u0131rayla girin. Bir tepkiyi ters \u00e7evirmek i\u00e7in \u22121, yar\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 almak i\u00e7in \u00bd kullan\u0131n ya da her tepkime i\u00e7in 1 kullan\u0131lacaksa alan\u0131 bo\u015f b\u0131rak\u0131n.<\/li>\n<li>Olu\u015fum entalpisi y\u00f6ntemi i\u00e7in <strong>Her \u00dcr\u00fcn\u00fcn \u0394H\u00b0f De\u011ferini<\/strong> ve <strong>Her Girenin \u0394H\u00b0f De\u011ferini<\/strong> listeleyin, ard\u0131ndan bunlara kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k gelen stokiyometrik <strong>katsay\u0131lar\u0131<\/strong> girin. Standart haldeki elementler i\u00e7in, \u00f6rne\u011fin O\u2082(g) veya C(grafit), 0 girin.<\/li>\n<li>Sonu\u00e7 panelinde <strong>Tepkime Entalpisini<\/strong>, kcal\/mol kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, bir yorumu (ekzotermik ya da endotermik) ve ad\u0131m ad\u0131m hesaplamay\u0131 g\u00f6rebilirsiniz.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2>Hess Yasas\u0131 Nedir?<\/h2>\n<p>Hess yasas\u0131, bir kimyasal tepkimenin toplam entalpi de\u011fi\u015fiminin, tepkimenin hangi yoldan ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti\u011fine bak\u0131lmaks\u0131z\u0131n ayn\u0131 oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yler. Bir hedef tepkime, di\u011fer tepkimelerin toplam\u0131 (ya da fark\u0131) olarak yaz\u0131labiliyorsa, entalpi de\u011fi\u015fimi de tek tek entalpi de\u011fi\u015fimlerinin buna kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k gelen toplam\u0131d\u0131r. Bu, entalpinin bir <em>durum fonksiyonu<\/em> olmas\u0131ndan kaynaklan\u0131r: yaln\u0131zca ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 ve biti\u015f durumlar\u0131 \u00f6nemlidir, aradaki yol de\u011fil.<\/p>\n<p>Bu ilke son derece pratiktir. Baz\u0131 tepkimeler do\u011frudan \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclemez \u2014 karbon, bir miktar CO\u2082 de olu\u015fturmadan saf CO'ya yak\u0131lamaz; bu y\u00fczden CO'nun olu\u015fum entalpisi, yukar\u0131daki \u00f6rnekte oldu\u011fu gibi dolayl\u0131 yoldan bulunmak zorundad\u0131r. Hess yasas\u0131 sayesinde \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclmesi zor herhangi bir tepkime, kalorimetrede kolayca y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclebilen tepkimelerden olu\u015fturulabilir.<\/p>\n<p>\u0130kinci hesaplama y\u00f6ntemi ayn\u0131 fikrin \u00f6zel bir durumudur. Her maddeye, kendi elementlerinin standart hallerinden bir mol\u00fc olu\u015ftu\u011fundaki entalpi de\u011fi\u015fimi olan bir standart olu\u015fum entalpisi \\(\\Delta H^\\circ_f\\) atan\u0131r. Olu\u015fum, hem girenler hem de \u00fcr\u00fcnler i\u00e7in ortak bir \"yol\" oldu\u011fundan, tepkime entalpisi basit\u00e7e \u00fcr\u00fcnlerin olu\u015fum entalpileri toplam\u0131ndan girenlerin toplam\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmas\u0131yla bulunur. Tan\u0131m gere\u011fi, standart halinde zaten bulunan her element i\u00e7in \\(\\Delta H^\\circ_f = 0\\)'d\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>\u0130\u015faretin yorumuna gelince: negatif bir \\(\\Delta H^\\circ_{\\mathrm{rxn}}\\) tepkimenin <strong>ekzotermik<\/strong> oldu\u011funu (\u0131s\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131\u011fa \u00e7\u0131kar, \u00fcr\u00fcnler girenlerden daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck entalpide yer al\u0131r), pozitif bir de\u011fer ise <strong>endotermik<\/strong> oldu\u011funu (\u0131s\u0131 emilir) g\u00f6sterir. B\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fck, tepkimenin denklemde yaz\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 haliyle tepkime ba\u015f\u0131na al\u0131\u015f\u0131verilen \u0131s\u0131 miktar\u0131d\u0131r; bu nedenle t\u00fcm katsay\u0131lar\u0131 iki kat\u0131na \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131rsan\u0131z entalpi de\u011fi\u015fimi de iki kat\u0131na \u00e7\u0131kar.<\/p>\n<h2>Varsay\u0131mlar, S\u0131n\u0131rlamalar ve \u0130pu\u00e7lar\u0131<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Standart ko\u015fullar:<\/strong> hesaplay\u0131c\u0131, t\u00fcm de\u011ferlerin ayn\u0131 standart hal (genellikle 298 K, 1 bar) ve maddelerin ayn\u0131 fiziksel hallerine ait oldu\u011funu varsayar. Farkl\u0131 haller i\u00e7in de\u011ferleri kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmak (\u00f6r. H\u2082O(g) ile H\u2082O(l)) yanl\u0131\u015f sonu\u00e7 verir \u2014 veri tablonuzdaki hal etiketlerini kontrol edin.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u00c7arpanlar tepkimeyi \u00f6l\u00e7ekler:<\/strong> bir tepkimeyi \\(n\\) ile \u00e7arpt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131zda entalpi de\u011fi\u015fimi de \\(n\\) ile \u00e7arp\u0131l\u0131r; tepkiyi ters \u00e7evirdi\u011finizde ise \\(\\Delta H\\)'nin i\u015fareti de\u011fi\u015fir. Hesaplay\u0131c\u0131 bunu otomatik olarak uygular.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Tepkime ba\u015f\u0131na:<\/strong> sonu\u00e7, denklemi denkle\u015ftirdi\u011finiz haliyle tepkimeye aittir. Kaynak de\u011ferleriyle kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmadan \u00f6nce stokiyometrik katsay\u0131lar\u0131 her zaman do\u011frulay\u0131n.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Hess \u00e7evrimleri tam sadele\u015fmelidir:<\/strong> ara t\u00fcrler iki tarafta da yer almal\u0131 ve birbirini g\u00f6t\u00fcrmelidir. Hesaplay\u0131c\u0131 aritmeti\u011fi kontrol eder; \u00e7evrimin kimyasal olarak ge\u00e7erli oldu\u011funu do\u011frulamak size d\u00fc\u015fer.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Birim d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fc:<\/strong> hesaplay\u0131c\u0131, 1 kcal = 4,184 kJ (tam de\u011fer) \u00fczerinden d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fcr ve yan\u0131t\u0131 her iki birimde de verir.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Yayg\u0131n Standart Olu\u015fum Entalpileri (kJ\/mol, 298 K)<\/h2>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Madde<\/th>\n<th>\\(\\Delta H^\\circ_f\\) (kJ\/mol)<\/th>\n<th>Madde<\/th>\n<th>\\(\\Delta H^\\circ_f\\) (kJ\/mol)<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>CO\u2082(g)<\/td>\n<td>\u2212393,5<\/td>\n<td>CH\u2084(g)<\/td>\n<td>\u221274,8<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>H\u2082O(l)<\/td>\n<td>\u2212285,8<\/td>\n<td>C\u2082H\u2086(g)<\/td>\n<td>\u221284,7<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>H\u2082O(g)<\/td>\n<td>\u2212241,8<\/td>\n<td>C\u2083H\u2088(g)<\/td>\n<td>\u2212103,8<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>CO(g)<\/td>\n<td>\u2212110,5<\/td>\n<td>NH\u2083(g)<\/td>\n<td>\u221246,1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>NO(g)<\/td>\n<td>+90,3<\/td>\n<td>SO\u2082(g)<\/td>\n<td>\u2212296,8<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>HCl(g)<\/td>\n<td>\u221292,3<\/td>\n<td>Standart haldeki elementler<\/td>\n<td>0 (tan\u0131m gere\u011fi)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>De\u011ferler kaynak tablolar aras\u0131nda k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck farkl\u0131l\u0131klar g\u00f6sterebilir; t\u00fcm giri\u015fler i\u00e7in tutarl\u0131 tek bir kaynak kullan\u0131n. Entalpi de\u011fi\u015fimlerini deneysel olarak \u00f6l\u00e7mek i\u00e7in <a href=\"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/kimya\/kalorimetre-hesaplama\/\">Kalorimetre Hesaplay\u0131c\u0131<\/a>'ya bak\u0131n. \\(\\Delta H^\\circ\\) de\u011ferini \u00f6\u011frendikten sonra, onu denge davran\u0131\u015f\u0131yla <a href=\"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/kimya\/denge-sabiti-hesaplama\/\">Denge Sabiti Hesaplay\u0131c\u0131<\/a> ile ili\u015fkilendirebilir ya da s\u0131cakl\u0131kla nas\u0131l de\u011fi\u015fti\u011fini <a href=\"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/en\/chemistry\/van-t-hoff-equation-calculator\/\">Van 't Hoff Denklemi Hesaplay\u0131c\u0131<\/a> ile inceleyebilirsiniz.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Hess yasas\u0131yla herhangi bir tepkimenin entalpi de\u011fi\u015fimini hesaplay\u0131n: bilinen tepkimeleri \u00e7arpanlarla birle\u015ftirin ya da hedef tepkimeyi standart olu\u015fum entalpilerinden kurun. De\u011ferlerinizi girin, sonucu kJ\/mol ve kcal\/mol cinsinden al\u0131n.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3168,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[65],"class_list":["post-3818","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-kimya","tag-reaksiyonlar"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3818","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3168"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3818"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3818\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3818"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3818"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3818"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}