{"id":3830,"date":"2026-10-07T12:27:52","date_gmt":"2026-10-07T11:27:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/kimya\/cokelme-tahmini-hesaplayici\/"},"modified":"2026-10-07T12:27:52","modified_gmt":"2026-10-07T11:27:52","slug":"cokelme-tahmini-hesaplayici","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/kimya\/cokelme-tahmini-hesaplayici\/","title":{"rendered":"\u00c7\u00f6kelme tahmini hesaplay\u0131c\u0131"},"content":{"rendered":"<section class=\"not-prose calculator-box\" aria-labelledby=\"calculator-title\"><div class=\"flex items-baseline sm:items-center justify-between gap-2 sm:gap-3\"><div class=\"flex flex-col sm:flex-row sm:items-center gap-2\"><span class=\"icon icon-calculator text-primary-700! text-base! dark:text-primary-300!\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><h2 id=\"calculator-title\" class=\"text-lg font-display font-bold\">Bu iyonlar kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda \u00e7\u00f6kelti olu\u015fur mu?<\/h2><\/div><div class=\"calcdash-favorite group\">\n  <button type=\"button\" class=\"favorite\" id=\"favorite\" data-favorite-id=\"3830\" data-favorite-title=\"\u00c7\u00f6kelme tahmini\" data-favorite-url=\"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/kimya\/cokelme-tahmini-hesaplayici\/\" data-favorite-excerpt=\"\u0130ki \u00e7\u00f6zelti kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda \u00e7\u00f6kelme olu\u015fup olu\u015fmayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6\u011frenmek i\u00e7in katyon ve anyon deri\u015fimlerini, stokiyometrik kuvvet \u00fcslerini ve \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcrl\u00fck \u00e7arp\u0131m\u0131 Ksp de\u011ferini girin. Hesaplay\u0131c\u0131, iyon \u00e7arp\u0131m\u0131 Qsp&#039;yi Ksp ile kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rarak \u00e7\u00f6kelmeyi an\u0131nda \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fcr.\" aria-label=\"Favorilere ekle\" data-favorite-icon=\"icon icon-chemistry-1\">\n    <span class=\"icon icon-shape-star-empty\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>\n  <\/button>\n  <div class=\"calcdash-favorite__tip\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n   <span class=\"favorite-tooltip\" id=\"favorite-tooltip\"><\/span>\n  <\/div>\n  <span class=\"sr-only\" role=\"status\" id=\"favorite-status\"><\/span>\n<\/div><\/div><form action=\"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/kimya\/cokelme-tahmini-hesaplayici\/\" method=\"POST\" class=\"calculator\" id=\"calculator-3830\" data-post=\"3830\"><fieldset class=\"fieldset-input\"><legend class=\"sr-only\">Giri\u015f alanlar\u0131<\/legend><div class=\"is-single field\" id=\"input-1\"><span class=\"font-semibold\">Katyon M\u207a<\/span><\/div><div class=\"field has-term\" id=\"input-2\"><label for=\"field-2\">Katyon deri\u015fimi<\/label><div class=\"term\">[M\u207a]<\/div>  <div class=\"absolute bottom-0 left-16 top-8 w-2 h-0.5 bg-blue-500\"><\/div><input type=\"text\" name=\"katyon_deriimi\" id=\"field-2\" aria-describedby=\"calc-unit-2 calc-info-2\" data-number inputmode=\"decimal\" autocomplete=\"off\" spellcheck=\"false\" placeholder=\"e.g. 0.01\" min=\"0\" value=\"0.01\"\/><div class=\"unit\" id=\"calc-unit-2\">mol\/L<\/div><small id=\"calc-info-2\">Kar\u0131\u015f\u0131mdaki pozitif iyonun molar deri\u015fimi (varsay\u0131lan: Ag\u207a)<\/small><\/div><div class=\"field has-term\" id=\"input-3\"><label for=\"field-3\">Katyon katsay\u0131s\u0131 (m)<\/label><div class=\"term\">m<\/div>  <div class=\"absolute bottom-0 left-16 top-8 w-2 h-0.5 bg-blue-500\"><\/div><input type=\"text\" name=\"katyon_katsays_m\" id=\"field-3\" aria-describedby=\"calc-info-3\" data-number inputmode=\"decimal\" autocomplete=\"off\" spellcheck=\"false\" placeholder=\"e.g. 1\" min=\"1\" value=\"1\"\/><small id=\"calc-info-3\">Form\u00fcl birimindeki katyon say\u0131s\u0131; \u00f6rne\u011fin Ca\u2083(PO\u2084)\u2082&#039;deki Ca\u00b2\u207a i\u00e7in 3<\/small><\/div><div class=\"is-single field\" id=\"input-4\"><span class=\"font-semibold\">Anyon A\u207f\u207b<\/span><\/div><div class=\"field has-term\" id=\"input-5\"><label for=\"field-5\">Anyon deri\u015fimi<\/label><div class=\"term\">[A\u207f\u207b]<\/div>  <div class=\"absolute bottom-0 left-16 top-8 w-2 h-0.5 bg-blue-500\"><\/div><input type=\"text\" name=\"anyon_deriimi\" id=\"field-5\" aria-describedby=\"calc-unit-5 calc-info-5\" data-number inputmode=\"decimal\" autocomplete=\"off\" spellcheck=\"false\" placeholder=\"e.g. 0.01\" min=\"0\" value=\"0.01\"\/><div class=\"unit\" id=\"calc-unit-5\">mol\/L<\/div><small id=\"calc-info-5\">Kar\u0131\u015f\u0131mdaki negatif iyonun molar deri\u015fimi (varsay\u0131lan: Cl\u207b)<\/small><\/div><div class=\"field has-term\" id=\"input-6\"><label for=\"field-6\">Anyon katsay\u0131s\u0131 (n)<\/label><div class=\"term\">n<\/div>  <div class=\"absolute bottom-0 left-16 top-8 w-2 h-0.5 bg-blue-500\"><\/div><input type=\"text\" name=\"anyon_katsays_n\" id=\"field-6\" aria-describedby=\"calc-info-6\" data-number inputmode=\"decimal\" autocomplete=\"off\" spellcheck=\"false\" placeholder=\"e.g. 1\" min=\"1\" value=\"1\"\/><small id=\"calc-info-6\">Form\u00fcl birimindeki anyon say\u0131s\u0131; \u00f6rne\u011fin MgCl\u2082 veya PbCl\u2082&#039;deki Cl\u207b i\u00e7in 2<\/small><\/div><div class=\"is-single field\" id=\"input-7\"><span class=\"font-semibold\">\u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcrl\u00fck \u00e7arp\u0131m\u0131<\/span><\/div><div class=\"field has-term\" id=\"input-8\"><label for=\"field-8\">\u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcrl\u00fck \u00e7arp\u0131m\u0131 (Ksp)<\/label><div class=\"term\">Ksp<\/div>  <div class=\"absolute bottom-0 left-16 top-8 w-2 h-0.5 bg-blue-500\"><\/div><input type=\"text\" name=\"znrlk_arpm_ksp\" id=\"field-8\" aria-describedby=\"calc-info-8\" data-number inputmode=\"decimal\" autocomplete=\"off\" spellcheck=\"false\" placeholder=\"e.g. 1.8e-5\" min=\"0\" value=\"1.8E-5\"\/><small id=\"calc-info-8\">Tuzun 25 \u00b0C&#039;deki \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcrl\u00fck \u00e7arp\u0131m\u0131 \u2014 1.8e-5 gibi bilimsel g\u00f6sterim kabul edilir (varsay\u0131lan: AgCl)<\/small><\/div><\/fieldset><div class=\"buttons\"><button type=\"submit\" data-text=\"Yeniden hesapla\" id=\"calculate-button\" data-post=\"3830\">Hesapla<\/button><button type=\"reset\">S\u0131f\u0131rla<\/button><\/div><div class=\"field is-checkbox hidden!\" id=\"field-auto-calc\"><input type=\"checkbox\" id=\"auto-calc\"><label for=\"auto-calc\">Otomatik hesapla<\/label><small>Etkinle\u015ftirilirse, herhangi bir de\u011feri de\u011fi\u015ftirdi\u011finizde sonu\u00e7 otomatik olarak g\u00fcncellenir.<\/small><\/div><div class=\"fieldset-result is-hidden\" aria-labelledby=\"result-title\" aria-live=\"polite\" role=\"region\"> <h3 class=\"result-title bg-gradient-to-r from-primary-50 to-gray-50 dark:from-primary-900 dark:to-gray-800\" id=\"result-title\"><span class=\"icon icon-s-pulse\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span> \u00c7\u00f6kelme tahmini sonu\u00e7lar\u0131<\/h3><div class=\"result-box\"><div class=\"field-result\" id=\"output-1\"><span class=\"field-title\"><span>\u0130yon \u00e7arp\u0131m\u0131<\/span><span class=\"result-term\">Qsp<\/span><\/span><span class=\"field-value\" id=\"result-1\"><\/span><button type=\"button\" class=\"copy-result\" data-tooltip=\"Sonucu kopyala\" aria-label=\"Sonucu kopyala\"><span class=\"copy-icon icon icon-document-copy\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><\/button><\/div><div class=\"field-result\" id=\"output-2\"><span class=\"field-title\"><span>Doygunluk oran\u0131<\/span><span class=\"result-term\">Qsp\/Ksp<\/span><\/span><span class=\"field-value\" id=\"result-2\"><\/span><button type=\"button\" class=\"copy-result\" data-tooltip=\"Sonucu kopyala\" aria-label=\"Sonucu kopyala\"><span class=\"copy-icon icon icon-document-copy\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><\/button><\/div><div class=\"field-result is-column\" id=\"output-3\"><span class=\"field-title\"><span>Tahmin<\/span><\/span><span class=\"field-value\" id=\"result-3\"><\/span><button type=\"button\" class=\"copy-result\" data-tooltip=\"Sonucu kopyala\" aria-label=\"Sonucu kopyala\"><span class=\"copy-icon icon icon-document-copy\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><\/button><\/div><div class=\"field-result is-column\" id=\"output-4\"><span class=\"field-title\"><span>Hesaplama ayr\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131<\/span><\/span><span class=\"field-value\" id=\"result-4\"><\/span><button type=\"button\" class=\"copy-result\" data-tooltip=\"Sonucu kopyala\" aria-label=\"Sonucu kopyala\"><span class=\"copy-icon icon icon-document-copy\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><\/button><\/div><\/div><div class=\"result-actions\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"copy-link\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 20 20\" fill=\"currentColor\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M12.232 4.232a2.5 2.5 0 0 1 3.536 3.536l-1.225 1.224a.75.75 0 0 0 1.061 1.06l1.224-1.224a4 4 0 0 0-5.656-5.656l-3 3a4 4 0 0 0 .225 5.865.75.75 0 0 0 .977-1.138 2.5 2.5 0 0 1-.142-3.667l3-3Z\"\/><path d=\"M11.603 7.963a.75.75 0 0 0-.977 1.138 2.5 2.5 0 0 1 .142 3.667l-3 3a2.5 2.5 0 0 1-3.536-3.536l1.225-1.224a.75.75 0 0 0-1.061-1.06l-1.224 1.224a4 4 0 1 0 5.656 5.656l3-3a4 4 0 0 0-.225-5.865Z\"\/><\/svg><span class=\"copy-link__text\">Bu hesaplaman\u0131n ba\u011flant\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 kopyala<\/span><\/button><span class=\"sr-only\" role=\"status\" id=\"copy-link-status\"><\/span><\/div><\/div><a href=\"#respond\" class=\"hidden transition-opacity duration-300 opacity-0 w-50 text-sm justify-center items-center gap-2 px-4 py-2 rounded bg-gray-200 text-gray-700 hover:bg-gray-300\" id=\"leave-comment\"><span class=\"icon icon-comments\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Yorum b\u0131rak<\/a><\/form><\/section><section id=\"calc-reactions\" class=\"not-prose hidden my-12 bg-gradient-to-r from-primary-50 to-gray-50 border border-indigo-100 rounded-xl px-6 py-4 shadow-sm\" data-post=\"3830\" aria-live=\"polite\" aria-labelledby=\"calc-reactions-title\"><p id=\"calc-reactions-title\" class=\"text-sm text-gray-500 text-center mb-2\">Bu sonu\u00e7 hakk\u0131nda ne d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyorsunuz?<\/p><div role=\"group\" aria-labelledby=\"calc-reactions-title\" class=\"grid grid-cols-3 sm:flex sm:flex-row sm:justify-around gap-4 sm:items-center sm:flex-wrap\"><button type=\"button\" aria-pressed=\"false\" class=\"reaction-btn flex flex-col items-center gap-1 text-sm text-gray-700 hover:text-primary-600 cursor-pointer transition-transform hover:scale-105\" data-reaction=\"like\"><span class=\"reaction-count\" data-reaction-count=\"like\">0<\/span><span class=\"reaction text-3xl\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\ud83d\ude00 <\/span><span class=\"reaction-description font-medium\">Be\u011fendim <\/span><\/button><button type=\"button\" aria-pressed=\"false\" class=\"reaction-btn flex flex-col items-center gap-1 text-sm text-gray-700 hover:text-primary-600 cursor-pointer transition-transform hover:scale-105\" data-reaction=\"helpful\"><span class=\"reaction-count\" data-reaction-count=\"helpful\">0<\/span><span class=\"reaction text-3xl\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\ud83d\udca1 <\/span><span class=\"reaction-description font-medium\">Faydal\u0131 <\/span><\/button><button type=\"button\" aria-pressed=\"false\" class=\"reaction-btn flex flex-col items-center gap-1 text-sm text-gray-700 hover:text-primary-600 cursor-pointer transition-transform hover:scale-105\" data-reaction=\"confused\"><span class=\"reaction-count\" data-reaction-count=\"confused\">0<\/span><span class=\"reaction text-3xl\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\ud83d\ude15 <\/span><span class=\"reaction-description font-medium\">Kafam kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131 <\/span><\/button><button type=\"button\" aria-pressed=\"false\" class=\"reaction-btn flex flex-col items-center gap-1 text-sm text-gray-700 hover:text-primary-600 cursor-pointer transition-transform hover:scale-105\" data-reaction=\"disappointed\"><span class=\"reaction-count\" data-reaction-count=\"disappointed\">0<\/span><span class=\"reaction text-3xl\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\ud83d\ude1e <\/span><span class=\"reaction-description font-medium\">Hayal k\u0131r\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131 <\/span><\/button><button type=\"button\" aria-pressed=\"false\" class=\"reaction-btn flex flex-col items-center gap-1 text-sm text-gray-700 hover:text-primary-600 cursor-pointer transition-transform hover:scale-105\" data-reaction=\"inaccurate\"><span class=\"reaction-count\" data-reaction-count=\"inaccurate\">0<\/span><span class=\"reaction text-3xl\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\u274c <\/span><span class=\"reaction-description font-medium\">Hatal\u0131 <\/span><\/button><\/div><div id=\"reaction-message\" class=\"hidden mt-8 rounded-md border border-primary-100 bg-white\/50 backdrop-blur-sm px-4 py-2 text-sm text-center shadow-sm\"><\/div><\/section><div class=\"calcdash-ad not-prose calcdash-ad--calc_result calcdash-ad--in-article\"><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-1721569815777345\" data-ad-slot=\"6317458308\" data-ad-layout=\"in-article\" data-ad-format=\"fluid\"><\/ins><script>(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});<\/script><\/div>\n<style id=\"wpcoderpro-inline-1\">.formula-box {\r\n\tborder-bottom: none !important;\r\n}<\/style><section class=\"formula-box\" aria-labelledby=\"formula-title\">\r\n\t<div id=\"formula-title\" class=\"not-prose font-display mb-4\"><span class=\"icon icon-formula\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><h2>\u00c7\u00f6kelme tahmini<\/h2><\/div>\r\n\t<figure class=\"not-prose formula\">\r\n\t\t<figcaption class=\"formula-title\">Form\u00fcl<\/figcaption>\r\n\t\t<div class=\"text-base text-gray-800\" id=\"formula\">\n\\[ Q_{sp} = [M^{+}]^{m} \\cdot [A^{n-}]^{n} \\]\n\\[ \\text{E\u011fer } Q_{sp} &gt; K_{sp} \\text{ \u00e7\u00f6kelme olu\u015fur; } Q_{sp} &lt; K_{sp} \\text{ ise olu\u015fmaz.} \\]<\/div>\r\n\t<\/figure>\r\n\t<\/p>\n<p><strong>Burada:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\\(Q_{sp}\\) \u2014 kar\u0131\u015f\u0131mdaki tuzun iyon \u00e7arp\u0131m\u0131 (mol\/L, \\(m+n\\) kuvvetine y\u00fckseltilmi\u015f)<\/li>\n<li>\\([M^{+}]\\) \u2014 kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma sonras\u0131 katyonun molar deri\u015fimi (mol\/L)<\/li>\n<li>\\([A^{n-}]\\) \u2014 kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma sonras\u0131 anyonun molar deri\u015fimi (mol\/L)<\/li>\n<li>\\(m\\) \u2014 tuzun bir form\u00fcl birimindeki katyon say\u0131s\u0131<\/li>\n<li>\\(n\\) \u2014 tuzun bir form\u00fcl birimindeki anyon say\u0131s\u0131<\/li>\n<li>\\(K_{sp}\\) \u2014 tuzun 25 \u00b0C'deki \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcrl\u00fck \u00e7arp\u0131m\u0131<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u0130yon \u00e7arp\u0131m\u0131, \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcrl\u00fck \u00e7arp\u0131m\u0131yla ayn\u0131 matematiksel bi\u00e7ime sahiptir; ancak kar\u0131\u015f\u0131mda ger\u00e7ekten mevcut olan deri\u015fimlerle kurulur. \\(Q_{sp}\\)'nin \\(K_{sp}\\) ile kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131, \u00e7\u00f6zeltinin doymam\u0131\u015f, tam doymu\u015f mu yoksa a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 doymu\u015f mu oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yler.<\/p>\n<p>\r\n<\/section>\n<style id=\"wpcoderpro-inline-2\">.calculation-box {\r\n\tborder-bottom: none !important;\r\n}<\/style><section id=\"calculation\" class=\"calculation-box\" aria-labelledby=\"calculation-title\">\r\n\t<div id=\"calculation-title\" class=\"not-prose font-display\"><span class=\"icon icon-unordered-list\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><h2>\u00c7\u00f6kelme tahmini \u2013 hesaplama \u00f6rne\u011fi<\/h2><\/div>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00d6rnek:<\/strong> e\u015fit hacimlerde 0,020 M AgNO\u2083 ve 0,020 M NaCl \u00e7\u00f6zeltisi kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131l\u0131yor; seyreltme sonras\u0131 her iyonun deri\u015fimi 0,010 mol\/L oluyor. AgCl \u00e7\u00f6kelir mi? \\(m = n = 1\\) al\u0131n ve AgCl i\u00e7in \\(K_{sp} = 1.8 \\times 10^{-5}\\) kullan\u0131n.<\/p>\n<p>\\[ Q_{sp} = [Ag^{+}]^{1}[Cl^{-}]^{1} = (0.010)(0.010) = 1.0 \\times 10^{-4} \\]<\/p>\n<p>\\[ \\frac{Q_{sp}}{K_{sp}} = \\frac{1.0 \\times 10^{-4}}{1.8 \\times 10^{-5}} \\approx 5.56 \\]<\/p>\n<p><strong>Sonu\u00e7:<\/strong> \\(Q_{sp} &gt; K_{sp}\\); dolay\u0131s\u0131yla \u00e7\u00f6zelti a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 doymu\u015ftur ve <strong>AgCl \u00e7\u00f6kelir<\/strong>. Denge yeniden sa\u011flanana kadar her iki iyonun yakla\u015f\u0131k %57,6's\u0131n\u0131n kat\u0131 AgCl h\u00e2linde \u00e7\u00f6zeltiden ayr\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekir.<\/p>\n<p>\n\r\n<\/section>\n<h2>\u00c7\u00f6kelme tahmini hesaplay\u0131c\u0131 nas\u0131l kullan\u0131l\u0131r?<\/h2>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>Katyon deri\u015fimini<\/strong> mol\/L cinsinden girin. Bu, orijinal \u00e7\u00f6zeltideki de\u011fil, kar\u0131\u015f\u0131mdan <em>sonraki<\/em> deri\u015fim olmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Katyon kuvvet \u00fcss\u00fcn\u00fc (m)<\/strong> ayarlay\u0131n \u2014 tuzun form\u00fcl birimindeki katyon say\u0131s\u0131 (\u00f6rne\u011fin Ca\u2083(PO\u2084)\u2082 i\u00e7in 3).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Anyon deri\u015fimini<\/strong> yine mol\/L cinsinden ve kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m sonras\u0131 de\u011feriyle girin.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Anyon kuvvet \u00fcss\u00fcn\u00fc (n)<\/strong> ayarlay\u0131n \u2014 form\u00fcl birimindeki anyon say\u0131s\u0131 (\u00f6rne\u011fin PbCl\u2082 i\u00e7in 2).<\/li>\n<li>Tuzun 25 \u00b0C'deki <strong>\u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcrl\u00fck \u00e7arp\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 (Ksp)<\/strong> girin. <code>1.8e-5<\/code> gibi bilimsel g\u00f6sterim kabul edilir.<\/li>\n<li>Sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 okuyun: <strong>iyon \u00e7arp\u0131m\u0131<\/strong>, <strong>doygunluk oran\u0131<\/strong> \\(Q_{sp}\/K_{sp}\\), <strong>\u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fc<\/strong> ve kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rman\u0131n tamam\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6steren <strong>hesaplama ayr\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2>\u0130yon \u00e7arp\u0131m\u0131 nedir ve neden Ksp ile kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r?<\/h2>\n<p>\u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcrl\u00fck \u00e7arp\u0131m\u0131 \\(K_{sp}\\), az \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcnen bir tuzun suda \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcnmesinin denge sabitidir. \\(M_mA_n\\) tuzu i\u00e7in, denge iyon deri\u015fimlerinin her birinin kendi stokiyometrik kuvvetine y\u00fckseltilmi\u015f \u00e7arp\u0131m\u0131na e\u015fittir. 25 \u00b0C'de AgCl'\u0131n \\(K_{sp}\\) de\u011feri \\(1.8 \\times 10^{-5}\\) olup bu, saf suda yakla\u015f\u0131k \\(1.3 \\times 10^{-5}\\) mol\/L molar \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k gelir.<\/p>\n<p>\u0130ki \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcr \u00e7\u00f6zelti kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda iyonlar bu denge s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131n\u0131 a\u015fabilir de a\u015famayabilir de. \u0130yon \u00e7arp\u0131m\u0131 \\(Q_{sp}\\), ger\u00e7ekten mevcut deri\u015fimlerden hesaplan\u0131r. Bir tepime b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc gibi \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r: \\(K_{sp}\\) ile kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131, \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcnme dengesinin hangi y\u00f6ne kaymas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini g\u00f6sterir.<\/p>\n<p>Yorumu \u00fc\u00e7 basit kural izler:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\\(Q_{sp} &lt; K_{sp}\\)<\/strong> \u2014 doymam\u0131\u015f: \u00e7\u00f6kelme olu\u015fmaz; eklenen kat\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcnmeye devam eder.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\\(Q_{sp} = K_{sp}\\)<\/strong> \u2014 tam doymu\u015f: sistem denge h\u00e2lindedir, net bir de\u011fi\u015fim olmaz.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\\(Q_{sp} &gt; K_{sp}\\)<\/strong> \u2014 a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 doymu\u015f: \u00e7\u00f6kelme olu\u015fur ve \\(Q_{sp}\\) yeniden \\(K_{sp}\\)'ye inene kadar \u00e7\u00f6zeltiden iyon uzakla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Doygunluk oran\u0131 \\(Q_{sp}\/K_{sp}\\) bir \u00f6l\u00e7ek duygusu katar. Oran\u0131n 5,56 olmas\u0131, iyon \u00e7arp\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n denge de\u011ferinin be\u015f kat\u0131ndan fazla oldu\u011fu anlam\u0131na gelir; yani \u00e7\u00f6kelme neredeyse kesindir ve olduk\u00e7a fazlad\u0131r. 1,02'lik bir oran da \u00e7\u00f6kelme \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fcr, ancak dengeye ula\u015fmadan \u00f6nce yaln\u0131zca \u00e7ok az miktarda kat\u0131 olu\u015fur.<\/p>\n<h2>Varsay\u0131mlar, s\u0131n\u0131rlamalar ve pratik ipu\u00e7lar\u0131<\/h2>\n<p><strong>Kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m sonras\u0131 deri\u015fimleri kullan\u0131n.<\/strong> En s\u0131k yap\u0131lan hata, orijinal \u00e7\u00f6zeltilerin deri\u015fimlerini girmektir. \u0130ki \u00e7\u00f6zeltiden \\(V_1\\) ve \\(V_2\\) hacimlerinde kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131zda her deri\u015fim toplam hacimle seyreltilir: \\(C_{\\text{kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m}} = C_{\\text{ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7}} \\cdot V_1\/(V_1 + V_2)\\). Yukar\u0131daki \u00f6rnekte e\u015fit hacimlerin kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 0,020 M'lik her \u00e7\u00f6zeltiyi 0,010 M'ye indirir. \u00d6nceden deri\u015fim birimleri aras\u0131nda d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm yapman\u0131z gerekiyorsa <a href=\"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/kimya\/molarite-hesaplama\/\">Molarite Hesaplay\u0131c\u0131m\u0131zdan<\/a> yararlanabilirsiniz.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Ksp de\u011ferleri s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011fa ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r.<\/strong> Tablolardaki de\u011ferler genellikle 25 \u00b0C i\u00e7in verilir. Ba\u015fka s\u0131cakl\u0131klarda \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcrl\u00fck \u00e7arp\u0131m\u0131 de\u011fi\u015fir ve \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fc kayabilir \u2014 \u00e7o\u011fu tuz s\u0131cad\u0131k\u00e7a daha \u00e7ok \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcr.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Deri\u015fimler etkinlikleri yakla\u015f\u0131r.<\/strong> Seyreltik \u00e7\u00f6zeltilerde molar deri\u015fimler ile termodinamik etkinlikler neredeyse e\u015fittir; ancak yakla\u015f\u0131k 0,1 mol\/L'nin \u00fczerindeki iyonlu ortamlarda iyonlar aras\u0131 etkile\u015fmeler nedeniyle etkin \\(K_{sp}\\) daha b\u00fcy\u00fck g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr. B\u00f6yle \u00e7\u00f6zeltiler i\u00e7in etkinlik d\u00fczeltmelerinin durumunuzda \u00f6nemli olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6rmek \u00fczere <a href=\"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/kimya\/iyonik-kuvvet-hesaplama\/\">\u0130yonik Kuvvet Hesaplay\u0131c\u0131ya<\/a> bak\u0131n.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Yan tepkimeler yok say\u0131l\u0131r.<\/strong> Hesaplay\u0131c\u0131, her iki iyonun \u00e7\u00f6zeltide serbest kald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 varsayar. Kompleks olu\u015fumu (\u00f6rne\u011fin Ag\u207a'\u0131n NH\u2083'e ba\u011flanmas\u0131), anyonun asit\u2013baz tepkimeleri (\u00f6rne\u011fin CO\u2083\u00b2\u207b'\u00fcn k\u0131smen HCO\u2083\u207b'e d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fmesi) ya da redoks s\u00fcre\u00e7leri serbest iyon deri\u015fimlerini de\u011fi\u015ftirerek sonucu etkileyebilir. Zay\u0131f asit anyonlar\u0131 \u00fczerindeki asit\u2013baz etkileri i\u00e7in <a href=\"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/kimya\/ph-hesaplama\/\">pH Hesaplay\u0131c\u0131<\/a> yararl\u0131 bir yard\u0131mc\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p><strong>H\u0131z \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclmez.<\/strong> Hesaplay\u0131c\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6kelmenin termodinamik olarak elveri\u015fli olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yler, ne kadar h\u0131zl\u0131 ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti\u011fini de\u011fil. Baz\u0131 a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 doymu\u015f \u00e7\u00f6zeltiler (\u00f6zellikle zor \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcnen karbonatlar ve s\u00fclfatlar) g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr kristaller olu\u015fmadan dakikalarca, hatta daha uzun s\u00fcre varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrebilir.<\/p>\n<p>Ters soruyu \u2014 \u00e7\u00f6zelti doymadan \u00f6nce ne kadar tuz \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcr \u2014 incelemek i\u00e7in de ayn\u0131 \\(K_{sp}\\) kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131 ge\u00e7erlidir; daha geni\u015f denge problemleri ailesini ise <a href=\"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/kimya\/denge-sabiti-hesaplama\/\">Denge Sabiti Hesaplay\u0131c\u0131<\/a> kapsar.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0130ki \u00e7\u00f6zelti kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda \u00e7\u00f6kelme olu\u015fup olu\u015fmayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6\u011frenmek i\u00e7in katyon ve anyon deri\u015fimlerini, stokiyometrik kuvvet \u00fcslerini ve \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcrl\u00fck \u00e7arp\u0131m\u0131 Ksp de\u011ferini girin. Hesaplay\u0131c\u0131, iyon \u00e7arp\u0131m\u0131 Qsp'yi Ksp ile kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rarak \u00e7\u00f6kelmeyi an\u0131nda \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fcr.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3168,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[65],"class_list":["post-3830","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-kimya","tag-reaksiyonlar"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3830","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3168"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3830"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3830\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3830"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3830"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3830"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}