{"id":3931,"date":"2026-10-14T10:44:45","date_gmt":"2026-10-14T09:44:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/kimya\/bag-derecesi-hesaplama\/"},"modified":"2026-10-14T10:44:45","modified_gmt":"2026-10-14T09:44:45","slug":"bag-derecesi-hesaplama","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/kimya\/bag-derecesi-hesaplama\/","title":{"rendered":"Ba\u011f derecesi hesaplama"},"content":{"rendered":"<section class=\"not-prose calculator-box\" aria-labelledby=\"calculator-title\"><div class=\"flex items-baseline sm:items-center justify-between gap-2 sm:gap-3\"><div class=\"flex flex-col sm:flex-row sm:items-center gap-2\"><span class=\"icon icon-calculator text-primary-700! text-base! dark:text-primary-300!\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><h2 id=\"calculator-title\" class=\"text-lg font-display font-bold\">Ba\u011f yap\u0131c\u0131 ve ba\u011f k\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 elektronlardan ba\u011f d\u00fczeninin hesaplanmas\u0131<\/h2><\/div><div class=\"calcdash-favorite group\">\n  <button type=\"button\" class=\"favorite\" id=\"favorite\" data-favorite-id=\"3931\" data-favorite-title=\"Ba\u011f derecesi\" data-favorite-url=\"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/kimya\/bag-derecesi-hesaplama\/\" data-favorite-excerpt=\"Bir molek\u00fcl\u00fcn ba\u011f derecesini, molek\u00fcl orbitallerindeki ba\u011f\u0131c\u0131 ve antiba\u011f\u0131c\u0131 elektron say\u0131lar\u0131ndan hesaplay\u0131n. Nb ve Na de\u011ferlerini girin; ba\u011f derecesini ve bunun ba\u011f g\u00fcc\u00fc ile kararl\u0131l\u0131k a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan anlam\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcn.\" aria-label=\"Favorilere ekle\" data-favorite-icon=\"icon icon-molecule\">\n    <span class=\"icon icon-shape-star-empty\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>\n  <\/button>\n  <div class=\"calcdash-favorite__tip\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n   <span class=\"favorite-tooltip\" id=\"favorite-tooltip\"><\/span>\n  <\/div>\n  <span class=\"sr-only\" role=\"status\" id=\"favorite-status\"><\/span>\n<\/div><\/div><form action=\"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/kimya\/bag-derecesi-hesaplama\/\" method=\"POST\" class=\"calculator\" id=\"calculator-3931\" data-post=\"3931\"><fieldset class=\"fieldset-input is-2\"><legend class=\"sr-only\">Giri\u015f alanlar\u0131<\/legend><div class=\"field has-term\" id=\"input-1\"><label for=\"field-1\">Ba\u011f yap\u0131c\u0131 elektronlar (Nb)<\/label><div class=\"term\">Nb<\/div>  <div class=\"absolute bottom-0 left-16 top-8 w-2 h-0.5 bg-blue-500\"><\/div><input type=\"text\" name=\"ba_yapc_elektronlar_nb\" id=\"field-1\" aria-describedby=\"calc-info-1\" data-number inputmode=\"decimal\" autocomplete=\"off\" spellcheck=\"false\" placeholder=\"e.g. 8\" min=\"0\" value=\"8\"\/><small id=\"calc-info-1\">Ba\u011f yap\u0131c\u0131 molek\u00fcl orbitallerinde yer alan toplam elektron say\u0131s\u0131 (ana atom orbitallerinden daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck enerjili \u03c3 ve \u03c0 orbitalleri).<\/small><\/div><div class=\"field has-term\" id=\"input-2\"><label for=\"field-2\">Ba\u011f k\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 elektronlar (Na)<\/label><div class=\"term\">Na<\/div>  <div class=\"absolute bottom-0 left-16 top-8 w-2 h-0.5 bg-blue-500\"><\/div><input type=\"text\" name=\"ba_krc_elektronlar_na\" id=\"field-2\" aria-describedby=\"calc-info-2\" data-number inputmode=\"decimal\" autocomplete=\"off\" spellcheck=\"false\" placeholder=\"e.g. 4\" min=\"0\" value=\"4\"\/><small id=\"calc-info-2\">Ba\u011f k\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 molek\u00fcl orbitallerinde yer alan toplam elektron say\u0131s\u0131 (y\u0131ld\u0131z i\u015faretiyle g\u00f6sterilen \u03c3* ve \u03c0* orbitalleri).<\/small><\/div><\/fieldset><div class=\"buttons\"><button type=\"submit\" data-text=\"Yeniden hesapla\" id=\"calculate-button\" data-post=\"3931\">Hesapla<\/button><button type=\"reset\">S\u0131f\u0131rla<\/button><\/div><div class=\"field is-checkbox hidden!\" id=\"field-auto-calc\"><input type=\"checkbox\" id=\"auto-calc\"><label for=\"auto-calc\">Otomatik hesapla<\/label><small>Etkinle\u015ftirilirse, herhangi bir de\u011feri de\u011fi\u015ftirdi\u011finizde sonu\u00e7 otomatik olarak g\u00fcncellenir.<\/small><\/div><div class=\"fieldset-result is-hidden\" aria-labelledby=\"result-title\" aria-live=\"polite\" role=\"region\"> <h3 class=\"result-title bg-gradient-to-r from-primary-50 to-gray-50 dark:from-primary-900 dark:to-gray-800\" id=\"result-title\"><span class=\"icon icon-s-pulse\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span> Molek\u00fcl orbitali ba\u011f d\u00fczeni sonu\u00e7lar\u0131<\/h3><div class=\"result-box\"><div class=\"field-result\" id=\"output-1\"><span class=\"field-title\"><span>Ba\u011f d\u00fczeni<\/span><span class=\"result-term\">BO<\/span><\/span><span class=\"field-value\" id=\"result-1\"><\/span><button type=\"button\" class=\"copy-result\" data-tooltip=\"Sonucu kopyala\" aria-label=\"Sonucu kopyala\"><span class=\"copy-icon icon icon-document-copy\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><\/button><\/div><div class=\"field-result is-column\" id=\"output-2\"><span class=\"field-title\"><span>Ba\u011f tipi ve kararl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/span><\/span><span class=\"field-value\" id=\"result-2\"><\/span><button type=\"button\" class=\"copy-result\" data-tooltip=\"Sonucu kopyala\" aria-label=\"Sonucu kopyala\"><span class=\"copy-icon icon icon-document-copy\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><\/button><\/div><div class=\"field-result is-column\" id=\"output-3\"><span class=\"field-title\"><span>Hesaplama ayr\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131<\/span><\/span><span class=\"field-value\" id=\"result-3\"><\/span><button type=\"button\" class=\"copy-result\" data-tooltip=\"Sonucu kopyala\" aria-label=\"Sonucu kopyala\"><span class=\"copy-icon icon icon-document-copy\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><\/button><\/div><div class=\"field-result is-column\" id=\"output-4\"><span class=\"field-title\"><span>Molek\u00fcl orbitali ba\u011f d\u00fczeni hakk\u0131nda<\/span><\/span><span class=\"field-value\" id=\"result-4\"><\/span><button type=\"button\" class=\"copy-result\" data-tooltip=\"Sonucu kopyala\" aria-label=\"Sonucu kopyala\"><span class=\"copy-icon icon icon-document-copy\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><\/button><\/div><\/div><div class=\"result-actions\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"copy-link\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 20 20\" fill=\"currentColor\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M12.232 4.232a2.5 2.5 0 0 1 3.536 3.536l-1.225 1.224a.75.75 0 0 0 1.061 1.06l1.224-1.224a4 4 0 0 0-5.656-5.656l-3 3a4 4 0 0 0 .225 5.865.75.75 0 0 0 .977-1.138 2.5 2.5 0 0 1-.142-3.667l3-3Z\"\/><path d=\"M11.603 7.963a.75.75 0 0 0-.977 1.138 2.5 2.5 0 0 1 .142 3.667l-3 3a2.5 2.5 0 0 1-3.536-3.536l1.225-1.224a.75.75 0 0 0-1.061-1.06l-1.224 1.224a4 4 0 1 0 5.656 5.656l3-3a4 4 0 0 0-.225-5.865Z\"\/><\/svg><span class=\"copy-link__text\">Bu hesaplaman\u0131n ba\u011flant\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 kopyala<\/span><\/button><span class=\"sr-only\" role=\"status\" id=\"copy-link-status\"><\/span><\/div><\/div><a href=\"#respond\" class=\"hidden transition-opacity duration-300 opacity-0 w-50 text-sm justify-center items-center gap-2 px-4 py-2 rounded bg-gray-200 text-gray-700 hover:bg-gray-300\" id=\"leave-comment\"><span class=\"icon icon-comments\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Yorum b\u0131rak<\/a><\/form><\/section><section id=\"calc-reactions\" class=\"not-prose hidden my-12 bg-gradient-to-r from-primary-50 to-gray-50 border border-indigo-100 rounded-xl px-6 py-4 shadow-sm\" data-post=\"3931\" aria-live=\"polite\" aria-labelledby=\"calc-reactions-title\"><p id=\"calc-reactions-title\" class=\"text-sm text-gray-500 text-center mb-2\">Bu sonu\u00e7 hakk\u0131nda ne d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyorsunuz?<\/p><div role=\"group\" aria-labelledby=\"calc-reactions-title\" class=\"grid grid-cols-3 sm:flex sm:flex-row sm:justify-around gap-4 sm:items-center sm:flex-wrap\"><button type=\"button\" aria-pressed=\"false\" class=\"reaction-btn flex flex-col items-center gap-1 text-sm text-gray-700 hover:text-primary-600 cursor-pointer transition-transform hover:scale-105\" data-reaction=\"like\"><span class=\"reaction-count\" data-reaction-count=\"like\">0<\/span><span class=\"reaction text-3xl\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\ud83d\ude00 <\/span><span class=\"reaction-description font-medium\">Be\u011fendim <\/span><\/button><button type=\"button\" aria-pressed=\"false\" class=\"reaction-btn flex flex-col items-center gap-1 text-sm text-gray-700 hover:text-primary-600 cursor-pointer transition-transform hover:scale-105\" data-reaction=\"helpful\"><span class=\"reaction-count\" data-reaction-count=\"helpful\">0<\/span><span class=\"reaction text-3xl\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\ud83d\udca1 <\/span><span class=\"reaction-description font-medium\">Faydal\u0131 <\/span><\/button><button type=\"button\" aria-pressed=\"false\" class=\"reaction-btn flex flex-col items-center gap-1 text-sm text-gray-700 hover:text-primary-600 cursor-pointer transition-transform hover:scale-105\" data-reaction=\"confused\"><span class=\"reaction-count\" data-reaction-count=\"confused\">0<\/span><span class=\"reaction text-3xl\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\ud83d\ude15 <\/span><span class=\"reaction-description font-medium\">Kafam kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131 <\/span><\/button><button type=\"button\" aria-pressed=\"false\" class=\"reaction-btn flex flex-col items-center gap-1 text-sm text-gray-700 hover:text-primary-600 cursor-pointer transition-transform hover:scale-105\" data-reaction=\"disappointed\"><span class=\"reaction-count\" data-reaction-count=\"disappointed\">0<\/span><span class=\"reaction text-3xl\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\ud83d\ude1e <\/span><span class=\"reaction-description font-medium\">Hayal k\u0131r\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131 <\/span><\/button><button type=\"button\" aria-pressed=\"false\" class=\"reaction-btn flex flex-col items-center gap-1 text-sm text-gray-700 hover:text-primary-600 cursor-pointer transition-transform hover:scale-105\" data-reaction=\"inaccurate\"><span class=\"reaction-count\" data-reaction-count=\"inaccurate\">0<\/span><span class=\"reaction text-3xl\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\u274c <\/span><span class=\"reaction-description font-medium\">Hatal\u0131 <\/span><\/button><\/div><div id=\"reaction-message\" class=\"hidden mt-8 rounded-md border border-primary-100 bg-white\/50 backdrop-blur-sm px-4 py-2 text-sm text-center shadow-sm\"><\/div><\/section><div class=\"calcdash-ad not-prose calcdash-ad--calc_result calcdash-ad--in-article\"><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-1721569815777345\" data-ad-slot=\"6317458308\" data-ad-layout=\"in-article\" data-ad-format=\"fluid\"><\/ins><script>(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});<\/script><\/div>\n<style id=\"wpcoderpro-inline-1\">.formula-box {\r\n\tborder-bottom: none !important;\r\n}<\/style><section class=\"formula-box\" aria-labelledby=\"formula-title\">\r\n\t<div id=\"formula-title\" class=\"not-prose font-display mb-4\"><span class=\"icon icon-formula\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><h2>Ba\u011f derecesi form\u00fcl\u00fc<\/h2><\/div>\r\n\t<figure class=\"not-prose formula\">\r\n\t\t<figcaption class=\"formula-title\">Form\u00fcl<\/figcaption>\r\n\t\t<div class=\"text-base text-gray-800\" id=\"formula\">\n\\[ BO = \\frac{N_b - N_a}{2} \\]<\/div>\r\n\t<\/figure>\r\n\t<\/p>\n<p><strong>Buradaki g\u00f6sterimler:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\\(N_b\\) \u2014 ba\u011f\u0131c\u0131 molek\u00fcl orbitallerindeki elektron say\u0131s\u0131 (ana atom orbitallerinden enerjice daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck \u03c3 ve \u03c0 orbitalleri)<\/li>\n<li>\\(N_a\\) \u2014 antiba\u011f\u0131c\u0131 molek\u00fcl orbitallerindeki elektron say\u0131s\u0131 (enerjice daha y\u00fcksek \u03c3* ve \u03c0* orbitalleri)<\/li>\n<li>\\(BO\\) \u2014 ba\u011f derecesi, iki atom aras\u0131nda payla\u015f\u0131lan elektron \u00e7iftlerinin net say\u0131s\u0131<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Form\u00fcl\u00fcn temelindeki d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce \u015fudur: her ba\u011f\u0131c\u0131 elektron \u00e7ifti ba\u011f\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7lendirir, her antiba\u011f\u0131c\u0131 \u00e7ift ise zay\u0131flat\u0131r; aradaki fark\u0131n ikiye b\u00f6l\u00fcnmesi net ba\u011f say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 verir.<\/p>\n<p>\r\n<\/section>\n<style id=\"wpcoderpro-inline-2\">.calculation-box {\r\n\tborder-bottom: none !important;\r\n}<\/style><section id=\"calculation\" class=\"calculation-box\" aria-labelledby=\"calculation-title\">\r\n\t<div id=\"calculation-title\" class=\"not-prose font-display\"><span class=\"icon icon-unordered-list\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><h2>Ba\u011f derecesi \u2013 hesaplama \u00f6rne\u011fi<\/h2><\/div>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00d6rnek:<\/strong> O\u2082 molek\u00fcl\u00fcn\u00fcn 12 de\u011ferlik elektronu vard\u0131r. Molek\u00fcl orbitallerinin doldurulmas\u0131 \u03c32s\u00b2 \u03c3*2s\u00b2 \u03c32p<sub>z<\/sub>\u00b2 \u03c02p\u2074 \u03c0*2p\u00b2 yap\u0131land\u0131rmas\u0131n\u0131 verir; bu yap\u0131da 8 ba\u011f\u0131c\u0131 ve 4 antiba\u011f\u0131c\u0131 elektron bulunur.<\/p>\n<p>\\[ BO = \\frac{N_b - N_a}{2} = \\frac{8 - 4}{2} = 2 \\]<\/p>\n<p><strong>Sonu\u00e7:<\/strong> O\u2082'nin ba\u011f derecesi 2'dir \u2014 yani \u00e7ift ba\u011f; F\u2082'deki tek ba\u011fdan daha k\u0131sa ve daha g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fcd\u00fcr. Kalan iki elektron \u03c0* orbitallerinde bulunur; O\u2082'nin paramanyetik olmas\u0131n\u0131n nedeni de budur.<\/p>\n<p>\n\r\n<\/section>\n<h2>Ba\u011f derecesi hesaplama arac\u0131 nas\u0131l kullan\u0131l\u0131r?<\/h2>\n<ol>\n<li>Molek\u00fcl\u00fcn molek\u00fcl orbital (MO) diyagram\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7izin ya da bir kaynaktan bulun ve de\u011ferlik elektronlar\u0131n\u0131 Aufbau ilkesi ile Hund kural\u0131na g\u00f6re diyagrama yerle\u015ftirin.<\/li>\n<li>Ana atom orbitallerinin <em>alt\u0131nda<\/em> kalan orbitallerdeki elektronlar\u0131 say\u0131n ve bu say\u0131y\u0131 <strong>Ba\u011f\u0131c\u0131 Elektronlar (Nb)<\/strong> alan\u0131na girin.<\/li>\n<li>Y\u0131ld\u0131z i\u015faretli orbitallerdeki (\u03c3* ve \u03c0*) elektronlar\u0131 say\u0131n ve bu say\u0131y\u0131 <strong>Antiba\u011f\u0131c\u0131 Elektronlar (Na)<\/strong> alan\u0131na girin.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Ba\u011f derecesi<\/strong> sonucunu, ba\u011f t\u00fcr\u00fc, ad\u0131m ad\u0131m hesaplama ve molek\u00fcl\u00fcn kararl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131na dair yorumla birlikte okuyun.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Ba\u011f yapmayan elektronlar\u0131 (atom orbitalleriyle ayn\u0131 enerjideki orbitallerdeki ba\u011f yapmam\u0131\u015f elektron \u00e7iftleri) iki say\u0131ma da katmay\u0131n \u2014 ba\u011f derecesine hi\u00e7bir katk\u0131lar\u0131 yoktur.<\/p>\n<h2>Molek\u00fcl orbital teorisinde ba\u011f derecesi nedir?<\/h2>\n<p>Ba\u011f derecesi, Lewis yap\u0131s\u0131nda iki atom aras\u0131na \u00e7izilen \u00e7izginin molek\u00fcl orbital teorisindeki kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131d\u0131r. MO teorisi payla\u015f\u0131lan \u00e7iftleri do\u011frudan saymak yerine elektronlar\u0131 sayar: ba\u011f\u0131c\u0131 orbitallerdeki elektronlar \u00e7ekirdekleri bir arada tutar, antiba\u011f\u0131c\u0131 orbitallerdeki elektronlar onlar\u0131 birbirinden uzakla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131r; net etki \\( BO = (N_b - N_a)\/2 \\) bi\u00e7iminde ifade edilir. Ba\u011f derecesi 1 tek ba\u011fa, 2 \u00e7ift ba\u011fa, 3 \u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc ba\u011fa kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k gelir; 0,5 veya 1,5 gibi kesirli de\u011ferler ise basit bir Lewis yap\u0131s\u0131yla g\u00f6sterilemeyen t\u00fcrleri tan\u0131mlar \u2014 H\u2082\u207a gibi tek elektronlu ba\u011flar ya da NO ve O\u2082\u207b gibi delokalize, e\u015fle\u015fmemi\u015f elektronlu t\u00fcrler.<\/p>\n<p>Ba\u011f derecesi, \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclebilir iki \u00f6zelli\u011fi do\u011frudan \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fcr: ba\u011f uzunlu\u011funu ve ba\u011f g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc. Ayn\u0131 atom \u00e7ifti i\u00e7in daha y\u00fcksek ba\u011f derecesi, daha k\u0131sa ba\u011f ve daha b\u00fcy\u00fck ayr\u0131\u015fma enerjisi demektir. Oksijen dizisi bunu a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a g\u00f6sterir: O\u2082\u207a (ba\u011f derecesi 2,5) en k\u0131sa ve en g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc ba\u011fa sahiptir; onu O\u2082 (2), O\u2082\u207b (1,5) ve O\u2082\u00b2\u207b (1) izler \u2014 eklenen her antiba\u011f\u0131c\u0131 elektron ba\u011f\u0131 biraz daha uzat\u0131r ve zay\u0131flat\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Ba\u011f derecesinin s\u0131f\u0131r olmas\u0131, ba\u011f\u0131c\u0131 ve antiba\u011f\u0131c\u0131 etkilerin tam olarak birbirini g\u00f6t\u00fcrmesi anlam\u0131na gelir; b\u00f6yle bir molek\u00fcl ayr\u0131k atomlar\u0131na g\u00f6re kararl\u0131 de\u011fildir \u2014 He\u2082'nin (2 ba\u011f\u0131c\u0131, 2 antiba\u011f\u0131c\u0131 elektron) normal bir molek\u00fcl olarak var olmamas\u0131n\u0131n nedeni budur. Negatif de\u011ferler fiziksel bir anlam ta\u015f\u0131maz ve neredeyse her zaman bir say\u0131m hatas\u0131na i\u015faret eder. Ba\u011f g\u00fc\u00e7lerinin tepkime enerjilerine nas\u0131l yans\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 incelemek i\u00e7in <a href=\"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/kimya\/bag-enerjilerinden-tepkime-entalpisi-hesaplama\/\">ba\u011f enerjisinden tepkime entalpisi hesaplama arac\u0131na<\/a> bak\u0131n.<\/p>\n<h2>Ba\u011f\u0131c\u0131 ve antiba\u011f\u0131c\u0131 elektronlar\u0131 do\u011fru saymak<\/h2>\n<p>Tek zahmetli ad\u0131m MO diyagram\u0131n\u0131 okumakt\u0131r; bu y\u00fczden birka\u00e7 kural i\u015fe yarar:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Yaln\u0131zca de\u011ferlik elektronlar\u0131n\u0131 say\u0131n.<\/strong> \u00c7ekirdek orbitalleri hem ba\u011f\u0131c\u0131 hem antiba\u011f\u0131c\u0131 \u00e7iftler olu\u015fturur ve ikisi de tamamen dolu oldu\u011fundan birbirlerini g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcr; bu y\u00fczden g\u00f6z ard\u0131 edilirler.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Ba\u011f yapmayan orbitalleri katmay\u0131n.<\/strong> Enerjisi ana atom orbitallerine e\u015fit olan orbitaller (heteron\u00fckleer molek\u00fcllerdeki tipik ba\u011f yapmam\u0131\u015f elektron \u00e7iftleri) iki say\u0131ma da dahil de\u011fildir.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Orbital s\u0131ras\u0131na dikkat edin.<\/strong> B\u2082, C\u2082 ve N\u2082'de \u03c02p orbitalleri \u03c32p'nin alt\u0131ndad\u0131r; O\u2082 ve F\u2082'de s\u0131ra tersine d\u00f6ner. Bu s\u0131ralama dolu kabuklarda say\u0131lar\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftirmez, ama k\u0131smen dolu orbitallerde ve paramanyetizma \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fcs\u00fcnde \u00f6nemlidir.<\/li>\n<li><strong>E\u015fle\u015fmemi\u015f elektronlu t\u00fcrler m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr.<\/strong> NO gibi bir radikal toplamda tek say\u0131da elektrona sahiptir ve her e\u015fle\u015fmemi\u015f elektron ba\u011f derecesine \u00b1\u00bd katk\u0131 yaparak 2,5'lik yar\u0131m tamsay\u0131 de\u011feri verir.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Unutmay\u0131n, ba\u011f derecesi tek ba\u015f\u0131na bir molek\u00fcl\u00fcn \u015feklini ya da polarl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 betimlemez. Merkez atomun \u00e7evresindeki atomlar\u0131n \u00fc\u00e7 boyutlu dizilimi i\u00e7in <a href=\"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/en\/chemistry\/vsepr-molecular-geometry-calculator\/\">VSEPR molek\u00fcl geometrisi hesaplama arac\u0131n\u0131<\/a>, farkl\u0131 elementler aras\u0131ndaki bir ba\u011f\u0131n polarl\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in ise <a href=\"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/kimya\/dipol-moment-hesaplama\/\">dipol moment hesaplama arac\u0131n\u0131<\/a> kullan\u0131n.<\/p>\n<h2>Varsay\u0131mlar ve s\u0131n\u0131rlamalar<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>Hesaplama arac\u0131, girilen say\u0131lar\u0131n ilgili ba\u011f i\u00e7in do\u011fru \u015fekilde doldurulmu\u015f bir MO diyagram\u0131ndan geldi\u011fini varsayar; aritmetik i\u015flemi yapar, elektron say\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 de\u011fil.<\/li>\n<li>Ba\u011f derecesi <em>ayn\u0131<\/em> atom \u00e7ifti aras\u0131ndaki ba\u011flar\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131r. C\u2013C \u00e7ift ba\u011f\u0131 C\u2013C tek ba\u011f\u0131ndan k\u0131sad\u0131r, ancak ba\u011f derecesi tek ba\u015f\u0131na farkl\u0131 atom \u00e7iftlerini kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131ramaz (H\u2013F'nin ba\u011f derecesi 1'dir ama g\u00fcc\u00fc H\u2013H'inkinden \u00e7ok farkl\u0131d\u0131r).<\/li>\n<li>Ana grup molek\u00fcllerinde 3'\u00fcn \u00fczerindeki de\u011ferler enderdir; b\u00f6yle bir sonu\u00e7 al\u0131rsan\u0131z say\u0131mlar\u0131 yeniden kontrol edin. Birka\u00e7 ge\u00e7i\u015f metali t\u00fcr\u00fc (Cr\u2082, Re\u2082) d-orbital \u00f6rt\u00fc\u015fmesi sayesinde ger\u00e7ekten 4 ve \u00fczerinde ba\u011f derecesine ula\u015f\u0131r.<\/li>\n<li>Yorum metni basit iki atomlu bir MO resmini varsayar; delokalize sistemli \u00e7ok atomlu molek\u00fcllerde ba\u011f derecesi e\u015fde\u011fer ba\u011flar \u00fczerinden ortaklan\u0131r \u2014 benzen ve benzeri yap\u0131larda 1,5 gibi kesirli de\u011ferlerin g\u00f6r\u00fclmesinin nedeni tam olarak budur.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Bir molek\u00fcl\u00fcn ba\u011f derecesini, molek\u00fcl orbitallerindeki ba\u011f\u0131c\u0131 ve antiba\u011f\u0131c\u0131 elektron say\u0131lar\u0131ndan hesaplay\u0131n. Nb ve Na de\u011ferlerini girin; ba\u011f derecesini ve bunun ba\u011f g\u00fcc\u00fc ile kararl\u0131l\u0131k a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan anlam\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcn.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3168,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[23],"class_list":["post-3931","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-kimya","tag-kimyasal-bag"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3931","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3168"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3931"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3931\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3931"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3931"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3931"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}