{"id":3944,"date":"2026-10-14T17:08:51","date_gmt":"2026-10-14T16:08:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/fizik\/carnot-verimi-hesaplama\/"},"modified":"2026-10-14T17:08:51","modified_gmt":"2026-10-14T16:08:51","slug":"carnot-verimi-hesaplama","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/fizik\/carnot-verimi-hesaplama\/","title":{"rendered":"Carnot Verimi Hesaplama Arac\u0131"},"content":{"rendered":"<section class=\"not-prose calculator-box\" aria-labelledby=\"calculator-title\"><div class=\"flex items-baseline sm:items-center justify-between gap-2 sm:gap-3\"><div class=\"flex flex-col sm:flex-row sm:items-center gap-2\"><span class=\"icon icon-calculator text-primary-700! text-base! dark:text-primary-300!\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><h2 id=\"calculator-title\" class=\"text-lg font-display font-bold\">Is\u0131 makinesinin azami verimini bulun<\/h2><\/div><div class=\"calcdash-favorite group\">\n  <button type=\"button\" class=\"favorite\" id=\"favorite\" data-favorite-id=\"3944\" data-favorite-title=\"Carnot Verimi\" data-favorite-url=\"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/fizik\/carnot-verimi-hesaplama\/\" data-favorite-excerpt=\"Bir \u0131s\u0131 makinesinin teorik azami (Carnot) verimini bulmak i\u00e7in s\u0131cak kaynak ve so\u011fuk kaynak s\u0131cakl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 girin; ayr\u0131ca s\u0131cakl\u0131k oran\u0131n\u0131 ve bir so\u011futucu ya da \u0131s\u0131 pompas\u0131 i\u00e7in performans katsay\u0131s\u0131 (COP) de\u011ferlerini g\u00f6r\u00fcn.\" aria-label=\"Favorilere ekle\" data-favorite-icon=\"icon icon-physic\">\n    <span class=\"icon icon-shape-star-empty\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>\n  <\/button>\n  <div class=\"calcdash-favorite__tip\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n   <span class=\"favorite-tooltip\" id=\"favorite-tooltip\"><\/span>\n  <\/div>\n  <span class=\"sr-only\" role=\"status\" id=\"favorite-status\"><\/span>\n<\/div><\/div><form action=\"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/fizik\/carnot-verimi-hesaplama\/\" method=\"POST\" class=\"calculator\" id=\"calculator-3944\" data-post=\"3944\"><fieldset class=\"fieldset-input is-1\"><legend class=\"sr-only\">Giri\u015f alanlar\u0131<\/legend><div class=\"field has-term\" id=\"input-1\"><label for=\"field-1\">S\u0131cak rezervuar s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 (Th)<\/label><div class=\"term\">Th<\/div>  <div class=\"absolute bottom-0 left-16 top-8 w-2 h-0.5 bg-blue-500\"><\/div><div class=\"field-group\"><input type=\"number\" name=\"scak_rezervuar_scakl_th\" id=\"field-1\" aria-describedby=\"calc-info-1\" placeholder=\"e.g. 500\" min=\"-273.15\" step=\"any\" value=\"500\"\/><div class=\"grid grid-cols-1\"><select id=\"field-2\" name=\"birim\" aria-label=\"Birim\"><option value=\"k\" selected>K<\/option><option value=\"c\">\u00b0C<\/option><option value=\"f\">\u00b0F<\/option><\/select><svg class=\"pointer-events-none col-start-1 row-start-1 mr-2 size-5 self-center justify-self-end text-gray-500 sm:size-4\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" fill=\"currentColor\" aria-hidden=\"true\" data-slot=\"icon\">\n              <path fill-rule=\"evenodd\" d=\"M4.22 6.22a.75.75 0 0 1 1.06 0L8 8.94l2.72-2.72a.75.75 0 1 1 1.06 1.06l-3.25 3.25a.75.75 0 0 1-1.06 0L4.22 7.28a.75.75 0 0 1 0-1.06Z\" clip-rule=\"evenodd\" \/>\n            <\/svg><\/div><\/div><small id=\"calc-info-1\">Is\u0131 kayna\u011f\u0131n\u0131n s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131. So\u011fuk rezervuar s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan y\u00fcksek olmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/small><\/div><div class=\"field has-term\" id=\"input-2\"><label for=\"field-3\">So\u011fuk rezervuar s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 (Tc)<\/label><div class=\"term\">Tc<\/div>  <div class=\"absolute bottom-0 left-16 top-8 w-2 h-0.5 bg-blue-500\"><\/div><div class=\"field-group\"><input type=\"number\" name=\"souk_rezervuar_scakl_tc\" id=\"field-3\" aria-describedby=\"calc-info-3\" placeholder=\"e.g. 300\" min=\"-273.15\" step=\"any\" value=\"300\"\/><div class=\"grid grid-cols-1\"><select id=\"field-4\" name=\"birim\" aria-label=\"Birim\"><option value=\"k\" selected>K<\/option><option value=\"c\">\u00b0C<\/option><option value=\"f\">\u00b0F<\/option><\/select><svg class=\"pointer-events-none col-start-1 row-start-1 mr-2 size-5 self-center justify-self-end text-gray-500 sm:size-4\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" fill=\"currentColor\" aria-hidden=\"true\" data-slot=\"icon\">\n              <path fill-rule=\"evenodd\" d=\"M4.22 6.22a.75.75 0 0 1 1.06 0L8 8.94l2.72-2.72a.75.75 0 1 1 1.06 1.06l-3.25 3.25a.75.75 0 0 1-1.06 0L4.22 7.28a.75.75 0 0 1 0-1.06Z\" clip-rule=\"evenodd\" \/>\n            <\/svg><\/div><\/div><small id=\"calc-info-3\">\u00c7evrenin veya so\u011futma ortam\u0131n\u0131n s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 (ortam ko\u015fullar\u0131 i\u00e7in genellikle ~300 K \/ 27 \u00b0C).<\/small><\/div><\/fieldset><div class=\"buttons\"><button type=\"submit\" data-text=\"Yeniden hesapla\" id=\"calculate-button\" data-post=\"3944\">Hesapla<\/button><button type=\"reset\">S\u0131f\u0131rla<\/button><\/div><div class=\"field is-checkbox hidden!\" id=\"field-auto-calc\"><input type=\"checkbox\" id=\"auto-calc\"><label for=\"auto-calc\">Otomatik hesapla<\/label><small>Etkinle\u015ftirilirse, herhangi bir de\u011feri de\u011fi\u015ftirdi\u011finizde sonu\u00e7 otomatik olarak g\u00fcncellenir.<\/small><\/div><div class=\"fieldset-result is-hidden\" aria-labelledby=\"result-title\" aria-live=\"polite\" role=\"region\"> <h3 class=\"result-title bg-gradient-to-r from-primary-50 to-gray-50 dark:from-primary-900 dark:to-gray-800\" id=\"result-title\"><span class=\"icon icon-s-pulse\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span> Carnot verimi sonu\u00e7lar\u0131<\/h3><div class=\"result-box\"><div class=\"field-result is-column\" id=\"output-1\"><span class=\"field-value\" id=\"result-1\"><\/span><button type=\"button\" class=\"copy-result\" data-tooltip=\"Sonucu kopyala\" aria-label=\"Sonucu kopyala\"><span class=\"copy-icon icon icon-document-copy\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><\/button><\/div><div class=\"field-result is-column\" id=\"output-2\"><span class=\"field-title\"><span>Ayr\u0131nt\u0131lar \u2014 mutlak s\u0131cakl\u0131klar, i\u015f oran\u0131 ve \u0131s\u0131 pompas\u0131 performans\u0131<\/span><\/span><span class=\"field-value\" id=\"result-2\"><\/span><button type=\"button\" class=\"copy-result\" data-tooltip=\"Sonucu kopyala\" aria-label=\"Sonucu kopyala\"><span class=\"copy-icon icon icon-document-copy\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><\/button><\/div><\/div><div class=\"result-actions\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"copy-link\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 20 20\" fill=\"currentColor\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M12.232 4.232a2.5 2.5 0 0 1 3.536 3.536l-1.225 1.224a.75.75 0 0 0 1.061 1.06l1.224-1.224a4 4 0 0 0-5.656-5.656l-3 3a4 4 0 0 0 .225 5.865.75.75 0 0 0 .977-1.138 2.5 2.5 0 0 1-.142-3.667l3-3Z\"\/><path d=\"M11.603 7.963a.75.75 0 0 0-.977 1.138 2.5 2.5 0 0 1 .142 3.667l-3 3a2.5 2.5 0 0 1-3.536-3.536l1.225-1.224a.75.75 0 0 0-1.061-1.06l-1.224 1.224a4 4 0 1 0 5.656 5.656l3-3a4 4 0 0 0-.225-5.865Z\"\/><\/svg><span class=\"copy-link__text\">Bu hesaplaman\u0131n ba\u011flant\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 kopyala<\/span><\/button><span class=\"sr-only\" role=\"status\" id=\"copy-link-status\"><\/span><\/div><\/div><a href=\"#respond\" class=\"hidden transition-opacity duration-300 opacity-0 w-50 text-sm justify-center items-center gap-2 px-4 py-2 rounded bg-gray-200 text-gray-700 hover:bg-gray-300\" id=\"leave-comment\"><span class=\"icon icon-comments\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Yorum b\u0131rak<\/a><\/form><\/section><section id=\"calc-reactions\" class=\"not-prose hidden my-12 bg-gradient-to-r from-primary-50 to-gray-50 border border-indigo-100 rounded-xl px-6 py-4 shadow-sm\" data-post=\"3944\" aria-live=\"polite\" aria-labelledby=\"calc-reactions-title\"><p id=\"calc-reactions-title\" class=\"text-sm text-gray-500 text-center mb-2\">Bu sonu\u00e7 hakk\u0131nda ne d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyorsunuz?<\/p><div role=\"group\" aria-labelledby=\"calc-reactions-title\" class=\"grid grid-cols-3 sm:flex sm:flex-row sm:justify-around gap-4 sm:items-center sm:flex-wrap\"><button type=\"button\" aria-pressed=\"false\" class=\"reaction-btn flex flex-col items-center gap-1 text-sm text-gray-700 hover:text-primary-600 cursor-pointer transition-transform hover:scale-105\" data-reaction=\"like\"><span class=\"reaction-count\" data-reaction-count=\"like\">0<\/span><span class=\"reaction text-3xl\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\ud83d\ude00 <\/span><span class=\"reaction-description font-medium\">Be\u011fendim <\/span><\/button><button type=\"button\" aria-pressed=\"false\" class=\"reaction-btn flex flex-col items-center gap-1 text-sm text-gray-700 hover:text-primary-600 cursor-pointer transition-transform hover:scale-105\" data-reaction=\"helpful\"><span class=\"reaction-count\" data-reaction-count=\"helpful\">0<\/span><span class=\"reaction text-3xl\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\ud83d\udca1 <\/span><span class=\"reaction-description font-medium\">Faydal\u0131 <\/span><\/button><button type=\"button\" aria-pressed=\"false\" class=\"reaction-btn flex flex-col items-center gap-1 text-sm text-gray-700 hover:text-primary-600 cursor-pointer transition-transform hover:scale-105\" data-reaction=\"confused\"><span class=\"reaction-count\" data-reaction-count=\"confused\">0<\/span><span class=\"reaction text-3xl\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\ud83d\ude15 <\/span><span class=\"reaction-description font-medium\">Kafam kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131 <\/span><\/button><button type=\"button\" aria-pressed=\"false\" class=\"reaction-btn flex flex-col items-center gap-1 text-sm text-gray-700 hover:text-primary-600 cursor-pointer transition-transform hover:scale-105\" data-reaction=\"disappointed\"><span class=\"reaction-count\" data-reaction-count=\"disappointed\">0<\/span><span class=\"reaction text-3xl\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\ud83d\ude1e <\/span><span class=\"reaction-description font-medium\">Hayal k\u0131r\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131 <\/span><\/button><button type=\"button\" aria-pressed=\"false\" class=\"reaction-btn flex flex-col items-center gap-1 text-sm text-gray-700 hover:text-primary-600 cursor-pointer transition-transform hover:scale-105\" data-reaction=\"inaccurate\"><span class=\"reaction-count\" data-reaction-count=\"inaccurate\">0<\/span><span class=\"reaction text-3xl\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\u274c <\/span><span class=\"reaction-description font-medium\">Hatal\u0131 <\/span><\/button><\/div><div id=\"reaction-message\" class=\"hidden mt-8 rounded-md border border-primary-100 bg-white\/50 backdrop-blur-sm px-4 py-2 text-sm text-center shadow-sm\"><\/div><\/section><div class=\"calcdash-ad not-prose calcdash-ad--calc_result calcdash-ad--in-article\"><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-1721569815777345\" data-ad-slot=\"6317458308\" data-ad-layout=\"in-article\" data-ad-format=\"fluid\"><\/ins><script>(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});<\/script><\/div>\n<style id=\"wpcoderpro-inline-1\">.formula-box {\r\n\tborder-bottom: none !important;\r\n}<\/style><section class=\"formula-box\" aria-labelledby=\"formula-title\">\r\n\t<div id=\"formula-title\" class=\"not-prose font-display mb-4\"><span class=\"icon icon-formula\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><h2>Carnot Verimi<\/h2><\/div>\r\n\t<figure class=\"not-prose formula\">\r\n\t\t<figcaption class=\"formula-title\">Form\u00fcl<\/figcaption>\r\n\t\t<div class=\"text-base text-gray-800\" id=\"formula\">\n\\[ \\eta_{max} = 1 - \\frac{T_c}{T_h} \\]\n<\/div>\r\n\t<\/figure>\r\n\t<\/p>\n<p><strong>Burada:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\\(\\eta_{max}\\) \u2014 bir \u0131s\u0131 makinesinin ula\u015fabilece\u011fi en y\u00fcksek (Carnot) verim, ondal\u0131k kesir olarak<\/li>\n<li>\\(T_h\\) \u2014 s\u0131cak kayna\u011f\u0131n mutlak s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 (K)<\/li>\n<li>\\(T_c\\) \u2014 so\u011fuk kayna\u011f\u0131n mutlak s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 (K)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Bu form\u00fcl, termodinami\u011fin ikinci yasas\u0131n\u0131n gerektirdi\u011fi bi\u00e7imde, iki \u0131s\u0131 kayna\u011f\u0131 aras\u0131nda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan herhangi bir makinenin so\u011furdu\u011fu \u0131s\u0131n\u0131n ne kadar\u0131n\u0131 i\u015fe d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrebilece\u011finin \u00fcst s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131n\u0131 verir. Her iki s\u0131cakl\u0131k da mutlak bir \u00f6l\u00e7ekte (kelvin) olmal\u0131d\u0131r; s\u0131cakl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131z \u00b0C veya \u00b0F cinsindense hesaplay\u0131c\u0131 bunlar\u0131 kendili\u011finden kelvine \u00e7evirir.<\/p>\n<p>\r\n<\/section>\n<style id=\"wpcoderpro-inline-2\">.calculation-box {\r\n\tborder-bottom: none !important;\r\n}<\/style><section id=\"calculation\" class=\"calculation-box\" aria-labelledby=\"calculation-title\">\r\n\t<div id=\"calculation-title\" class=\"not-prose font-display\"><span class=\"icon icon-unordered-list\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><h2>Carnot Verimi \u2013 \u00d6rnek Hesaplama<\/h2><\/div>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00d6rnek:<\/strong> bir \u0131s\u0131 makinesi 500 K s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndaki bir kaynak ile 300 K s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndaki bir so\u011fuk kaynak (\u00e7evre) aras\u0131nda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fs\u0131n.<\/p>\n<p>\\[ \\eta_{max} = 1 - \\frac{T_c}{T_h} = 1 - \\frac{300}{500} = 1 - 0.6 = 0.4 \\]<\/p>\n<p><strong>Sonu\u00e7:<\/strong> azami verim 0,40, yani <strong>%40<\/strong>. Kusursuz bi\u00e7imde geri d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcml\u00fc bir makine bile so\u011furdu\u011fu \u0131s\u0131n\u0131n geri kalan %60'\u0131n\u0131 so\u011fuk kayna\u011fa atmak zorundad\u0131r. Ayn\u0131 \u00e7evrim ters y\u00f6nde \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda so\u011futucu olarak \\(300\/(500-300) = 1.5\\), \u0131s\u0131 pompas\u0131 olarak ise \\(500\/(500-300) = 2.5\\) Carnot performans katsay\u0131s\u0131 elde edilir.<\/p>\n<p>\n\r\n<\/section>\n<h2>Hesaplay\u0131c\u0131 nas\u0131l kullan\u0131l\u0131r?<\/h2>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>S\u0131cak kaynak s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 (Th)<\/strong> girin \u2014 \u0131s\u0131 kayna\u011f\u0131n\u0131n s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131; \u00f6rne\u011fin yanma gaz\u0131, buhar veya jeotermal alan.<\/li>\n<li><strong>So\u011fuk kaynak s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 (Tc)<\/strong> girin \u2014 so\u011futma ortam\u0131n\u0131n s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131; genellikle ortam havas\u0131 veya so\u011futma suyu (yakla\u015f\u0131k 300 K \/ 27 \u00b0C).<\/li>\n<li>Giri\u015f alan\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131ndaki a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131r men\u00fcden her s\u0131cakl\u0131k i\u00e7in birimi (K, \u00b0C veya \u00b0F) se\u00e7in. Hesaplay\u0131c\u0131 t\u00fcm de\u011ferleri kendi i\u00e7inde kelvine \u00e7evirir.<\/li>\n<li>Sonucu okuyun: y\u00fczde ve ondal\u0131k olarak azami verim, s\u0131cakl\u0131k oran\u0131 ve \u00e7evrim bir so\u011futucu ya da \u0131s\u0131 pompas\u0131 olarak \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lsayd\u0131 elde edilecek Carnot performans katsay\u0131lar\u0131.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2>Carnot verimi nedir?<\/h2>\n<p>Carnot verimi, \\(T_h\\) ve \\(T_c\\) s\u0131cakl\u0131klar\u0131ndaki iki \u0131s\u0131 kayna\u011f\u0131 aras\u0131nda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan herhangi bir \u0131s\u0131 makinesinin ula\u015fabilece\u011fi teorik azami verimdir. Ad\u0131n\u0131, 1824'te hi\u00e7bir makinenin \u2014 ne kadar ustal\u0131kla tasarlanm\u0131\u015f olursa olsun \u2014 bu s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131 a\u015famayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6steren Sadi Carnot'tan al\u0131r. Bunun nedeni termodinami\u011fin ikinci yasas\u0131d\u0131r: bir makine, so\u011furdu\u011fu \u0131s\u0131n\u0131n bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc daha so\u011fuk bir cisme atmak zorundad\u0131r ve atmas\u0131 gereken miktar \\(T_c\/T_h\\) oran\u0131yla belirlenir.<\/p>\n<p>Form\u00fcl s\u0131cakl\u0131klar\u0131n oran\u0131na dayand\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in s\u0131cakl\u0131klar\u0131n mutlak (kelvin ya da Rankine) olmas\u0131 gerekir. Santigrat veya Fahrenheit de\u011ferlerini do\u011frudan kullanmak yanl\u0131\u015f sonu\u00e7 verir: 100 \u00b0C ve 0 \u00b0C, %100 verimli bir \u00e7ift de\u011fildir; 373,15 K ve 273,15 K ise yaln\u0131zca yakla\u015f\u0131k %27 Carnot verimi sa\u011flar.<\/p>\n<p>Ger\u00e7ek makineler hi\u00e7bir zaman Carnot s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131na ula\u015famaz, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc s\u00fcrt\u00fcnme, t\u00fcrb\u00fclans, \u0131s\u0131 kayb\u0131 ve sonlu h\u0131zl\u0131 \u0131s\u0131 transferi onlar\u0131 geri d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcms\u00fcz k\u0131lar. Pratik \u0131s\u0131 makineleri genellikle Carnot de\u011ferinin %30\u201370'ine ula\u015f\u0131rlar. \u00d6rne\u011fin, ~810 K buharla \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131p ~300 K'ye at\u0131k \u0131s\u0131 veren modern bir k\u00f6m\u00fcr santralinde Carnot s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131 yakla\u015f\u0131k %63 iken ger\u00e7ek verim %40 civar\u0131ndad\u0131r. M\u00fchendisler Carnot de\u011ferini bir \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fct olarak kullan\u0131r: bu de\u011fer, bir tasar\u0131m\u0131 daha da geli\u015ftirmeye de\u011fer mi yoksa fiziksel tavana \u00e7oktan m\u0131 yakla\u015fm\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu konusunda fikir verir.<\/p>\n<p>Sonu\u00e7 ayr\u0131ca ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lmaz olarak bo\u015fa giden \u0131s\u0131 miktar\u0131n\u0131 da g\u00f6sterir: so\u011furulan her joule'\u00fcn \\(T_c\/T_h\\) kadar\u0131 so\u011fuk kayna\u011fa at\u0131lmak zorundad\u0131r. Santrallerin neden so\u011futma kulelerine ve nehirlere ihtiya\u00e7 duydu\u011fu ve herhangi bir makinenin veriminin neden kaynak s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 y\u00fckseltildi\u011finde ya da al\u0131c\u0131 s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde artt\u0131\u011f\u0131 da bu y\u00fczdendir.<\/p>\n<h2>Varsay\u0131mlar, s\u0131n\u0131rlamalar ve ipu\u00e7lar\u0131<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Yaln\u0131zca mutlak s\u0131cakl\u0131klar.<\/strong> Form\u00fcl yaln\u0131zca mutlak \u00f6l\u00e7ekteki s\u0131cakl\u0131klarla ge\u00e7erlidir. \u00b0C veya \u00b0F girerseniz hesaplay\u0131c\u0131, oran\u0131 hesaplamadan \u00f6nce bunlar\u0131 kelvine d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fcr.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Sabit s\u0131cakl\u0131kl\u0131 iki kaynak.<\/strong> Carnot modeli, makinenin \u0131s\u0131 al\u0131\u015fveri\u015fini yaln\u0131zca sabit s\u0131cakl\u0131kta kalan kaynaklarla yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 varsayar. Ger\u00e7ek kaynaklar (yanan yak\u0131t, genle\u015fen buhar) s\u00fcre\u00e7 boyunca s\u0131cakl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftirir; bu da ula\u015f\u0131labilir verimi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fcr.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Geri d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcml\u00fc \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma.<\/strong> Carnot makinesi sonsuz yava\u015f ve s\u00fcrt\u00fcnmesizdir. Ger\u00e7ekte her s\u00fcre\u00e7 geri d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcms\u00fcz oldu\u011fundan sonucu bir tasar\u0131m hedefi de\u011fil, \u00fcst s\u0131n\u0131r olarak de\u011ferlendirin.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Verim %100'e ula\u015famaz.<\/strong> Mutlak s\u0131f\u0131r\u0131n \u00fczerindeki sonlu bir so\u011fuk kaynak her zaman bir miktar \u0131s\u0131n\u0131n at\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 zorunlu k\u0131lar. %100 i\u00e7in \\(T_c = 0\\) K gerekir; bu ise eri\u015filemezdir (termodinami\u011fin \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc yasas\u0131).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Performans katsay\u0131s\u0131 de\u011ferleri.<\/strong> Ayr\u0131nt\u0131larda g\u00f6sterilen so\u011futucu ve \u0131s\u0131 pompas\u0131 performans katsay\u0131lar\u0131, ayn\u0131 iki kayna\u011f\u0131n ters y\u00f6nde \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131na aittir. Is\u0131 pompas\u0131n\u0131n performans katsay\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n ayn\u0131 s\u0131cakl\u0131klar i\u00e7in her zaman so\u011futucununkinden 1 b\u00fcy\u00fck oldu\u011funu unutmay\u0131n.<\/li>\n<li>Ger\u00e7ek bir makinenin girdi i\u015fini faydal\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131ya ne kadar iyi d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc merak ediyorsan\u0131z (yani termodinamik bir s\u0131n\u0131rla kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmak yerine), <a href=\"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/fizik\/mekanik-verim-hesaplama\/\">Mekanik Verim hesaplay\u0131c\u0131m\u0131za<\/a> bak\u0131n.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Tipik Carnot verimi de\u011ferleri<\/h2>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Uygulama<\/th>\n<th>Th (yakla\u015f\u0131k)<\/th>\n<th>Tc (yakla\u015f\u0131k)<\/th>\n<th>Carnot verimi<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>Benzinli otomobil motoru<\/td>\n<td>800 K<\/td>\n<td>300 K<\/td>\n<td>%62,5<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Buhar santrali<\/td>\n<td>810 K<\/td>\n<td>300 K<\/td>\n<td>%63<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Birle\u015fik \u00e7evrimli gaz santrali<\/td>\n<td>1600 K<\/td>\n<td>300 K<\/td>\n<td>%81<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Jeotermal (d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck entalpili)<\/td>\n<td>360 K<\/td>\n<td>300 K<\/td>\n<td>%17<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Okyanus \u0131s\u0131l enerjisi (OTEC)<\/td>\n<td>300 K<\/td>\n<td>278 K<\/td>\n<td>%7<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>Bunlar teorik \u00fcst s\u0131n\u0131rlard\u0131r; ger\u00e7ek verimler her zaman daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fckt\u00fcr. Di\u011fer termodinamik ve fizik b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fckleri i\u00e7in <a href=\"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/fizik\/basinc-hesaplama\/\">Bas\u0131n\u00e7<\/a> ve <a href=\"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/fizik\/yogunluk-hesaplama\/\">Yo\u011funluk<\/a> hesaplay\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131m\u0131z da i\u015finize yarayabilir.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Bir \u0131s\u0131 makinesinin teorik azami (Carnot) verimini bulmak i\u00e7in s\u0131cak kaynak ve so\u011fuk kaynak s\u0131cakl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 girin; ayr\u0131ca s\u0131cakl\u0131k oran\u0131n\u0131 ve bir so\u011futucu ya da \u0131s\u0131 pompas\u0131 i\u00e7in performans katsay\u0131s\u0131 (COP) de\u011ferlerini g\u00f6r\u00fcn.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3168,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[10],"tags":[83],"class_list":["post-3944","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-fizik","tag-enerji-ve-is"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3944","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3168"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3944"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3944\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3944"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3944"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3944"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}