{"id":4017,"date":"2026-10-14T23:33:31","date_gmt":"2026-10-14T22:33:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/kimya\/ortalama-serbest-yol-hesaplayici\/"},"modified":"2026-10-14T23:33:31","modified_gmt":"2026-10-14T22:33:31","slug":"ortalama-serbest-yol-hesaplayici","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/kimya\/ortalama-serbest-yol-hesaplayici\/","title":{"rendered":"Gaz Molek\u00fcllerinin Ortalama Serbest Yolu Hesaplay\u0131c\u0131s\u0131"},"content":{"rendered":"<section class=\"not-prose calculator-box\" aria-labelledby=\"calculator-title\"><div class=\"flex items-baseline sm:items-center justify-between gap-2 sm:gap-3\"><div class=\"flex flex-col sm:flex-row sm:items-center gap-2\"><span class=\"icon icon-calculator text-primary-700! text-base! dark:text-primary-300!\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><h2 id=\"calculator-title\" class=\"text-lg font-display font-bold\">S\u0131cakl\u0131k, bas\u0131n\u00e7 ve \u00e7arp\u0131\u015fma \u00e7ap\u0131ndan ortalama serbest yolu hesaplay\u0131n<\/h2><\/div><div class=\"calcdash-favorite group\">\n  <button type=\"button\" class=\"favorite\" id=\"favorite\" data-favorite-id=\"4017\" data-favorite-title=\"Ortalama Serbest Yol\" data-favorite-url=\"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/kimya\/ortalama-serbest-yol-hesaplayici\/\" data-favorite-excerpt=\"S\u0131cakl\u0131k, bas\u0131n\u00e7 ve \u00e7arp\u0131\u015fma \u00e7ap\u0131ndan gaz molek\u00fcllerinin ortalama serbest yolunu hesaplay\u0131n. Gaz ko\u015fullar\u0131n\u0131 diledi\u011finiz yayg\u0131n birimle girin ve \u03bb de\u011ferini nm, \u00b5m, mm veya m cinsinden al\u0131n.\" aria-label=\"Favorilere ekle\" data-favorite-icon=\"icon icon-wind-2\">\n    <span class=\"icon icon-shape-star-empty\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>\n  <\/button>\n  <div class=\"calcdash-favorite__tip\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n   <span class=\"favorite-tooltip\" id=\"favorite-tooltip\"><\/span>\n  <\/div>\n  <span class=\"sr-only\" role=\"status\" id=\"favorite-status\"><\/span>\n<\/div><\/div><form action=\"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/kimya\/ortalama-serbest-yol-hesaplayici\/\" method=\"POST\" class=\"calculator\" id=\"calculator-4017\" data-post=\"4017\"><fieldset class=\"fieldset-input is-2\"><legend class=\"sr-only\">Giri\u015f alanlar\u0131<\/legend><div class=\"field has-term\" id=\"input-1\"><label for=\"field-1\">S\u0131cakl\u0131k (T)<\/label><div class=\"term\">T<\/div>  <div class=\"absolute bottom-0 left-16 top-8 w-2 h-0.5 bg-blue-500\"><\/div><div class=\"field-group\"><input type=\"number\" name=\"scaklk_t\" id=\"field-1\" aria-describedby=\"calc-info-1\" placeholder=\"e.g. 25\" min=\"-270\" step=\"any\" value=\"25\"\/><div class=\"grid grid-cols-1\"><select id=\"field-2\" name=\"birim\" aria-label=\"Birim\"><option value=\"C\" selected>\u00b0C<\/option><option value=\"K\">K<\/option><option value=\"F\">\u00b0F<\/option><\/select><svg class=\"pointer-events-none col-start-1 row-start-1 mr-2 size-5 self-center justify-self-end text-gray-500 sm:size-4\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" fill=\"currentColor\" aria-hidden=\"true\" data-slot=\"icon\">\n              <path fill-rule=\"evenodd\" d=\"M4.22 6.22a.75.75 0 0 1 1.06 0L8 8.94l2.72-2.72a.75.75 0 1 1 1.06 1.06l-3.25 3.25a.75.75 0 0 1-1.06 0L4.22 7.28a.75.75 0 0 1 0-1.06Z\" clip-rule=\"evenodd\" \/>\n            <\/svg><\/div><\/div><small id=\"calc-info-1\">Gaz\u0131n mutlak s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131. Oda s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 (25 \u00b0C \u2248 298 K) tipik bir referans noktas\u0131d\u0131r.<\/small><\/div><div class=\"field has-term\" id=\"input-2\"><label for=\"field-3\">Bas\u0131n\u00e7 (p)<\/label><div class=\"term\">p<\/div>  <div class=\"absolute bottom-0 left-16 top-8 w-2 h-0.5 bg-blue-500\"><\/div><div class=\"field-group\"><input type=\"text\" name=\"basn_p\" id=\"field-3\" aria-describedby=\"calc-info-3\" data-number inputmode=\"decimal\" autocomplete=\"off\" spellcheck=\"false\" placeholder=\"e.g. 1\" min=\"0\" value=\"1\"\/><div class=\"grid grid-cols-1\"><select id=\"field-4\" name=\"birim\" aria-label=\"Birim\"><option value=\"atm\" selected>atm<\/option><option value=\"kPa\">kPa<\/option><option value=\"Pa\">Pa<\/option><option value=\"bar\">bar<\/option><option value=\"mmHg\">mmHg (Torr)<\/option><option value=\"psi\">psi<\/option><\/select><svg class=\"pointer-events-none col-start-1 row-start-1 mr-2 size-5 self-center justify-self-end text-gray-500 sm:size-4\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" fill=\"currentColor\" aria-hidden=\"true\" data-slot=\"icon\">\n              <path fill-rule=\"evenodd\" d=\"M4.22 6.22a.75.75 0 0 1 1.06 0L8 8.94l2.72-2.72a.75.75 0 1 1 1.06 1.06l-3.25 3.25a.75.75 0 0 1-1.06 0L4.22 7.28a.75.75 0 0 1 0-1.06Z\" clip-rule=\"evenodd\" \/>\n            <\/svg><\/div><\/div><small id=\"calc-info-3\">Gaz\u0131n mutlak bas\u0131nc\u0131 (g\u00f6sterge bas\u0131nc\u0131 de\u011fil). Standart referans bir atmosferdir.<\/small><\/div><div class=\"field has-term\" id=\"input-3\"><label for=\"field-5\">\u00c7arp\u0131\u015fma \u00e7ap\u0131 (d)<\/label><div class=\"term\">d<\/div>  <div class=\"absolute bottom-0 left-16 top-8 w-2 h-0.5 bg-blue-500\"><\/div><div class=\"field-group\"><input type=\"text\" name=\"arpma_ap_d\" id=\"field-5\" aria-describedby=\"calc-info-5\" data-number inputmode=\"decimal\" autocomplete=\"off\" spellcheck=\"false\" placeholder=\"e.g. 0.37\" min=\"0\" value=\"0.37\"\/><div class=\"grid grid-cols-1\"><select id=\"field-6\" name=\"birim\" aria-label=\"Birim\"><option value=\"nm\" selected>nm<\/option><option value=\"pm\">pm<\/option><option value=\"A\">\u00c5<\/option><\/select><svg class=\"pointer-events-none col-start-1 row-start-1 mr-2 size-5 self-center justify-self-end text-gray-500 sm:size-4\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" fill=\"currentColor\" aria-hidden=\"true\" data-slot=\"icon\">\n              <path fill-rule=\"evenodd\" d=\"M4.22 6.22a.75.75 0 0 1 1.06 0L8 8.94l2.72-2.72a.75.75 0 1 1 1.06 1.06l-3.25 3.25a.75.75 0 0 1-1.06 0L4.22 7.28a.75.75 0 0 1 0-1.06Z\" clip-rule=\"evenodd\" \/>\n            <\/svg><\/div><\/div><small id=\"calc-info-5\">Sert k\u00fcre \u00e7arp\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 i\u00e7in varsay\u0131lan etkin molek\u00fcl \u00e7ap\u0131. N\u2082 \u2248 0,37 nm, O\u2082 \u2248 0,36 nm, Ar \u2248 0,34 nm, He \u2248 0,26 nm.<\/small><\/div><div class=\"field is-single\" id=\"input-4\"><label for=\"field-7\">Ortalama serbest yolun g\u00f6sterilece\u011fi birim<\/label><div class=\"grid grid-cols-1\"><select id=\"field-7\" name=\"ortalama_serbest_yolun_gsterilecei_birim\"><option value=\"nm\" selected>nanometre (nm)<\/option><option value=\"um\">mikrometre (\u00b5m)<\/option><option value=\"mm\">milimetre (mm)<\/option><option value=\"m\">metre (m)<\/option><\/select><svg class=\"pointer-events-none col-start-1 row-start-1 mr-2 size-5 self-center justify-self-end text-gray-500 sm:size-4\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" fill=\"currentColor\" aria-hidden=\"true\" data-slot=\"icon\">\n              <path fill-rule=\"evenodd\" d=\"M4.22 6.22a.75.75 0 0 1 1.06 0L8 8.94l2.72-2.72a.75.75 0 1 1 1.06 1.06l-3.25 3.25a.75.75 0 0 1-1.06 0L4.22 7.28a.75.75 0 0 1 0-1.06Z\" clip-rule=\"evenodd\" \/>\n            <\/svg><\/div><\/div><\/fieldset><div class=\"buttons\"><button type=\"submit\" data-text=\"Yeniden hesapla\" id=\"calculate-button\" data-post=\"4017\">Hesapla<\/button><button type=\"reset\">S\u0131f\u0131rla<\/button><\/div><div class=\"field is-checkbox hidden!\" id=\"field-auto-calc\"><input type=\"checkbox\" id=\"auto-calc\"><label for=\"auto-calc\">Otomatik hesapla<\/label><small>Etkinle\u015ftirilirse, herhangi bir de\u011feri de\u011fi\u015ftirdi\u011finizde sonu\u00e7 otomatik olarak g\u00fcncellenir.<\/small><\/div><div class=\"fieldset-result is-hidden\" aria-labelledby=\"result-title\" aria-live=\"polite\" role=\"region\"> <h3 class=\"result-title bg-gradient-to-r from-primary-50 to-gray-50 dark:from-primary-900 dark:to-gray-800\" id=\"result-title\"><span class=\"icon icon-s-pulse\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span> Ortalama serbest yol sonu\u00e7lar\u0131<\/h3><div class=\"result-box\"><div class=\"field-result\" id=\"output-1\"><span class=\"field-title\"><span>Ortalama serbest yol (\u03bb)<\/span><span class=\"result-term\">\u03bb<\/span><\/span><span class=\"field-value\" id=\"result-1\"><\/span><button type=\"button\" class=\"copy-result\" data-tooltip=\"Sonucu kopyala\" aria-label=\"Sonucu kopyala\"><span class=\"copy-icon icon icon-document-copy\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><\/button><\/div><div class=\"field-result is-column\" id=\"output-2\"><span class=\"field-title\"><span>Di\u011fer birimlerde<\/span><\/span><span class=\"field-value\" id=\"result-2\"><\/span><button type=\"button\" class=\"copy-result\" data-tooltip=\"Sonucu kopyala\" aria-label=\"Sonucu kopyala\"><span class=\"copy-icon icon icon-document-copy\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><\/button><\/div><div class=\"field-result is-column\" id=\"output-3\"><span class=\"field-title\"><span>Hesaplama ayr\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131<\/span><\/span><span class=\"field-value\" id=\"result-3\"><\/span><button type=\"button\" class=\"copy-result\" data-tooltip=\"Sonucu kopyala\" aria-label=\"Sonucu kopyala\"><span class=\"copy-icon icon icon-document-copy\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><\/button><\/div><div class=\"field-result is-column\" id=\"output-4\"><span class=\"field-title\"><span>Ortalama serbest yol hakk\u0131nda<\/span><\/span><span class=\"field-value\" id=\"result-4\"><\/span><button type=\"button\" class=\"copy-result\" data-tooltip=\"Sonucu kopyala\" aria-label=\"Sonucu kopyala\"><span class=\"copy-icon icon icon-document-copy\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><\/button><\/div><\/div><div class=\"result-actions\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"copy-link\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 20 20\" fill=\"currentColor\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M12.232 4.232a2.5 2.5 0 0 1 3.536 3.536l-1.225 1.224a.75.75 0 0 0 1.061 1.06l1.224-1.224a4 4 0 0 0-5.656-5.656l-3 3a4 4 0 0 0 .225 5.865.75.75 0 0 0 .977-1.138 2.5 2.5 0 0 1-.142-3.667l3-3Z\"\/><path d=\"M11.603 7.963a.75.75 0 0 0-.977 1.138 2.5 2.5 0 0 1 .142 3.667l-3 3a2.5 2.5 0 0 1-3.536-3.536l1.225-1.224a.75.75 0 0 0-1.061-1.06l-1.224 1.224a4 4 0 1 0 5.656 5.656l3-3a4 4 0 0 0-.225-5.865Z\"\/><\/svg><span class=\"copy-link__text\">Bu hesaplaman\u0131n ba\u011flant\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 kopyala<\/span><\/button><span class=\"sr-only\" role=\"status\" id=\"copy-link-status\"><\/span><\/div><\/div><a href=\"#respond\" class=\"hidden transition-opacity duration-300 opacity-0 w-50 text-sm justify-center items-center gap-2 px-4 py-2 rounded bg-gray-200 text-gray-700 hover:bg-gray-300\" id=\"leave-comment\"><span class=\"icon icon-comments\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Yorum b\u0131rak<\/a><\/form><\/section><section id=\"calc-reactions\" class=\"not-prose hidden my-12 bg-gradient-to-r from-primary-50 to-gray-50 border border-indigo-100 rounded-xl px-6 py-4 shadow-sm\" data-post=\"4017\" aria-live=\"polite\" aria-labelledby=\"calc-reactions-title\"><p id=\"calc-reactions-title\" class=\"text-sm text-gray-500 text-center mb-2\">Bu sonu\u00e7 hakk\u0131nda ne d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyorsunuz?<\/p><div role=\"group\" aria-labelledby=\"calc-reactions-title\" class=\"grid grid-cols-3 sm:flex sm:flex-row sm:justify-around gap-4 sm:items-center sm:flex-wrap\"><button type=\"button\" aria-pressed=\"false\" class=\"reaction-btn flex flex-col items-center gap-1 text-sm text-gray-700 hover:text-primary-600 cursor-pointer transition-transform hover:scale-105\" data-reaction=\"like\"><span class=\"reaction-count\" data-reaction-count=\"like\">0<\/span><span class=\"reaction text-3xl\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\ud83d\ude00 <\/span><span class=\"reaction-description font-medium\">Be\u011fendim <\/span><\/button><button type=\"button\" aria-pressed=\"false\" class=\"reaction-btn flex flex-col items-center gap-1 text-sm text-gray-700 hover:text-primary-600 cursor-pointer transition-transform hover:scale-105\" data-reaction=\"helpful\"><span class=\"reaction-count\" data-reaction-count=\"helpful\">0<\/span><span class=\"reaction text-3xl\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\ud83d\udca1 <\/span><span class=\"reaction-description font-medium\">Faydal\u0131 <\/span><\/button><button type=\"button\" aria-pressed=\"false\" class=\"reaction-btn flex flex-col items-center gap-1 text-sm text-gray-700 hover:text-primary-600 cursor-pointer transition-transform hover:scale-105\" data-reaction=\"confused\"><span class=\"reaction-count\" data-reaction-count=\"confused\">0<\/span><span class=\"reaction text-3xl\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\ud83d\ude15 <\/span><span class=\"reaction-description font-medium\">Kafam kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131 <\/span><\/button><button type=\"button\" aria-pressed=\"false\" class=\"reaction-btn flex flex-col items-center gap-1 text-sm text-gray-700 hover:text-primary-600 cursor-pointer transition-transform hover:scale-105\" data-reaction=\"disappointed\"><span class=\"reaction-count\" data-reaction-count=\"disappointed\">0<\/span><span class=\"reaction text-3xl\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\ud83d\ude1e <\/span><span class=\"reaction-description font-medium\">Hayal k\u0131r\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131 <\/span><\/button><button type=\"button\" aria-pressed=\"false\" class=\"reaction-btn flex flex-col items-center gap-1 text-sm text-gray-700 hover:text-primary-600 cursor-pointer transition-transform hover:scale-105\" data-reaction=\"inaccurate\"><span class=\"reaction-count\" data-reaction-count=\"inaccurate\">0<\/span><span class=\"reaction text-3xl\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\u274c <\/span><span class=\"reaction-description font-medium\">Hatal\u0131 <\/span><\/button><\/div><div id=\"reaction-message\" class=\"hidden mt-8 rounded-md border border-primary-100 bg-white\/50 backdrop-blur-sm px-4 py-2 text-sm text-center shadow-sm\"><\/div><\/section><div class=\"calcdash-ad not-prose calcdash-ad--calc_result calcdash-ad--in-article\"><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-1721569815777345\" data-ad-slot=\"6317458308\" data-ad-layout=\"in-article\" data-ad-format=\"fluid\"><\/ins><script>(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});<\/script><\/div>\n<style id=\"wpcoderpro-inline-1\">.formula-box {\r\n\tborder-bottom: none !important;\r\n}<\/style><section class=\"formula-box\" aria-labelledby=\"formula-title\">\r\n\t<div id=\"formula-title\" class=\"not-prose font-display mb-4\"><span class=\"icon icon-formula\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><h2>Ortalama Serbest Yol<\/h2><\/div>\r\n\t<figure class=\"not-prose formula\">\r\n\t\t<figcaption class=\"formula-title\">Form\u00fcl<\/figcaption>\r\n\t\t<div class=\"text-base text-gray-800\" id=\"formula\">\n\\[ \\lambda = \\frac{k\\,T}{\\sqrt{2}\\,\\pi\\,d^{2}\\,p} = \\frac{1}{\\sqrt{2}\\,\\sigma\\,n} \\]\n<\/div>\r\n\t<\/figure>\r\n\t<\/p>\n<p><strong>Burada:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\\(\\lambda\\) \u2014 ortalama serbest yol, bir molek\u00fcl\u00fcn \u00e7arp\u0131\u015fmalar aras\u0131nda kat etti\u011fi ortalama mesafe (m)<\/li>\n<li>\\(k = 1.380649\\times10^{-23}\\) J\/K \u2014 Boltzmann sabiti (tam SI de\u011feri)<\/li>\n<li>\\(T\\) \u2014 gaz\u0131n mutlak s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 (K)<\/li>\n<li>\\(d\\) \u2014 molek\u00fcler \u00e7arp\u0131\u015fma \u00e7ap\u0131, sert k\u00fcre modeli (m)<\/li>\n<li>\\(p\\) \u2014 gaz\u0131n mutlak bas\u0131nc\u0131 (Pa)<\/li>\n<li>\\(\\sigma = \\pi d^{2}\\) \u2014 \u00e7arp\u0131\u015fma kesiti (m\u00b2)<\/li>\n<li>\\(n = p\/(kT)\\) \u2014 molek\u00fcl say\u0131 yo\u011funlu\u011fu (m\u207b\u00b3)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Form\u00fcl, seyreltik bir gaz\u0131n kinetik teorisinden gelir: bir molek\u00fcl, kat etti\u011fi her birim mesafe i\u00e7in \\(\\sigma\\) b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde bir \u00e7arp\u0131\u015fma hacmi tarar; \\(\\sqrt{2}\\) \u00e7arpan\u0131 ise \u00e7arp\u0131\u015fan \u00e7iftlerin ba\u011f\u0131l hareketini hesaba katar.<\/p>\n<p>\r\n<\/section>\n<style id=\"wpcoderpro-inline-2\">.calculation-box {\r\n\tborder-bottom: none !important;\r\n}<\/style><section id=\"calculation\" class=\"calculation-box\" aria-labelledby=\"calculation-title\">\r\n\t<div id=\"calculation-title\" class=\"not-prose font-display\"><span class=\"icon icon-unordered-list\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><h2>Ortalama Serbest Yol \u2013 Hesaplama \u00d6rne\u011fi<\/h2><\/div>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00d6rnek:<\/strong> oda s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ve atmosfer bas\u0131nc\u0131nda azot gaz\u0131 (25 \u00b0C, 1 atm), 0,37 nm \u00e7arp\u0131\u015fma \u00e7ap\u0131yla \u2014 hesaplay\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n varsay\u0131lan de\u011ferleri.<\/p>\n<p>\\[ T = 25 + 273.15 = 298.15\\ \\text{K}, \\quad p = 1\\ \\text{atm} = 101{,}325\\ \\text{Pa}, \\quad d = 0.37\\ \\text{nm} = 3.7\\times10^{-10}\\ \\text{m} \\]<\/p>\n<p>\\[ \\sigma = \\pi d^{2} = \\pi \\times (3.7\\times10^{-10})^{2} = 4.30\\times10^{-19}\\ \\text{m}^{2} \\]<\/p>\n<p>\\[ \\lambda = \\frac{1.380649\\times10^{-23} \\times 298.15}{\\sqrt{2} \\times \\pi \\times (3.7\\times10^{-10})^{2} \\times 101{,}325} = \\frac{4.116\\times10^{-21}}{6.162\\times10^{-14}} \\]<\/p>\n<p><strong>Sonu\u00e7:<\/strong> \\(\\lambda \\approx 6.68\\times10^{-8}\\) m \u2248 <strong>66,8 nm<\/strong>. Oda ko\u015fullar\u0131nda bir azot molek\u00fcl\u00fc, ba\u015fka bir molek\u00fcle \u00e7arpmadan \u00f6nce ortalama olarak yakla\u015f\u0131k 67 nanometre \u2014 kabaca 180 molek\u00fcl \u00e7ap\u0131 \u2014 yol al\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>\n\r\n<\/section>\n<h2>Hesaplay\u0131c\u0131 Nas\u0131l Kullan\u0131l\u0131r?<\/h2>\n<ol>\n<li>Gaz\u0131n <strong>S\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 (T)<\/strong> girin ve birimini (\u00b0C, K veya \u00b0F) se\u00e7in. Mutlak s\u0131cakl\u0131k \u00f6l\u00e7eklerini do\u011fru kullan\u0131n \u2014 25 \u00b0C otomatik olarak 298,15 K'ye d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcr.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Bas\u0131nc\u0131 (p)<\/strong> birimiyle birlikte girin (atm, kPa, Pa, bar, mmHg\/Torr veya psi). Bunun g\u00f6sterge bas\u0131nc\u0131 de\u011fil, mutlak bas\u0131n\u00e7 oldu\u011fundan emin olun.<\/li>\n<li>Molek\u00fcllerin <strong>\u00c7arp\u0131\u015fma \u00c7ap\u0131n\u0131 (d)<\/strong> nm, pm veya \u00c5 cinsinden girin. Tipik de\u011ferler: N\u2082 \u2248 0,37 nm, O\u2082 \u2248 0,36 nm, Ar \u2248 0,34 nm, He \u2248 0,26 nm.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Ortalama Serbest Yolu \u015eu Birimde G\u00f6ster<\/strong> alt\u0131ndan \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131 birimini se\u00e7in \u2014 atmosfer bas\u0131nc\u0131na yak\u0131n bas\u0131n\u00e7lar i\u00e7in nanometre, vakum ko\u015fullar\u0131 i\u00e7in mikrometre veya metre uygundur.<\/li>\n<li>Ortalama serbest yolun de\u011ferini (\u03bb), t\u00fcm yayg\u0131n uzunluk birimlerindeki kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 ve hesaplaman\u0131n ad\u0131m ad\u0131m d\u00f6k\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc g\u00f6r\u00fcn.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2>Ortalama Serbest Yol Nedir?<\/h2>\n<p>Ortalama serbest yol \\(\\lambda\\), bir gaz molek\u00fcl\u00fcn\u00fcn di\u011fer molek\u00fcllerle \u00fcst \u00fcste iki \u00e7arp\u0131\u015fma aras\u0131nda kat etti\u011fi ortalama mesafedir. Deniz seviyesindeki havada bu de\u011fer yaln\u0131zca yakla\u015f\u0131k 70 nm'dir \u2014 bir molek\u00fcl saniyede milyarlarca kez \u00e7arp\u0131\u015f\u0131r. Y\u00fcksek vakumlu bir haznede ise ayn\u0131 gaz\u0131n ortalama serbest yolu santimetreler ya da metreler olabilir; yani molek\u00fcller b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde engellenmeden u\u00e7ar ve sonunda haznenin duvar\u0131na \u00e7arpar.<\/p>\n<p>De\u011feri birbiriyle yar\u0131\u015fan iki etki belirler. Say\u0131 yo\u011funlu\u011fu \\(n = p\/(kT)\\) gaz\u0131n ne kadar kalabal\u0131k oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yler: metrek\u00fcp ba\u015f\u0131na daha \u00e7ok molek\u00fcl, daha k\u0131sa u\u00e7u\u015flar demektir. \u00c7arp\u0131\u015fma kesiti \\(\\sigma = \\pi d^2\\) ise her molek\u00fcl\u00fcn ne b\u00fcy\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde bir hedef sundu\u011funu g\u00f6sterir. \u0130kisini birle\u015ftirmek \\(\\lambda = 1\/(\\sqrt{2}\\,\\sigma\\,n)\\) de\u011ferini verir; bu da hesaplay\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131 bas\u0131n\u00e7l\u0131 bi\u00e7ime e\u015fde\u011ferdir.<\/p>\n<p>Sonu\u00e7 sezgisel bi\u00e7imde \u00f6l\u00e7eklenir: <strong>bas\u0131nc\u0131 yar\u0131ya indirmek \u03bb'y\u0131 ikiye katlar<\/strong>, sabit bas\u0131n\u00e7ta s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 y\u00fckseltmek \u03bb'y\u0131 orant\u0131l\u0131 olarak art\u0131r\u0131r ve <strong>molek\u00fcl \u00e7ap\u0131n\u0131 ikiye katlamak \u03bb'y\u0131 d\u00f6rt kat azalt\u0131r<\/strong>, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc \u00e7arp\u0131\u015fma kesiti d\u00b2 ile b\u00fcy\u00fcr. Ortalama serbest yolun vakum teknolojisinde anahtar parametre olmas\u0131n\u0131n nedeni budur: gaz\u0131n s\u00fcrekli ortam olarak m\u0131 yoksa serbest molek\u00fcler (Knudsen) rejiminde mi akt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bu de\u011fer belirler.<\/p>\n<p>Molek\u00fcllerin bu \u00e7arp\u0131\u015fmalar aras\u0131nda ne kadar h\u0131zl\u0131 hareket etti\u011fini de \u00f6\u011frenmek isterseniz, bu sonucu <a href=\"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/en\/chemistry\/molecular-speed-of-a-gas-calculator\/\">Gaz\u0131n Molek\u00fcler H\u0131z\u0131 hesaplay\u0131c\u0131s\u0131yla<\/a> birle\u015ftirin \u2014 ortalama h\u0131z\u0131 ortalama serbest yola b\u00f6lmek \u00e7arp\u0131\u015fma s\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 verir.<\/p>\n<h2>Sonucun Yorumlanmas\u0131<\/h2>\n<p>\"Di\u011fer Birimlerde\" b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc ayr\u0131ca say\u0131 yo\u011funlu\u011fu \\(n\\) ile molek\u00fcller aras\u0131ndaki ortalama aral\u0131k olan \\(n^{-1\/3}\\) de\u011ferini de verir. Yararl\u0131 bir sa\u011flama: ortalama serbest yol hem molek\u00fcl \u00e7ap\u0131ndan hem de molek\u00fcller aras\u0131ndaki bo\u015fluktan \u00e7ok daha b\u00fcy\u00fck olmal\u0131d\u0131r (hava i\u00e7in kabaca 180 aral\u0131k). \u03bb, kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z d\u00fczene\u011fin boyutlar\u0131yla kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131labilir duruma gelirse molek\u00fcler ak\u0131\u015f rejimine ge\u00e7mi\u015fsiniz demektir; burada viskozite ve s\u00fcrekli ortam bas\u0131nc\u0131 gibi kavramlar her zamanki anlam\u0131n\u0131 yitirir.<\/p>\n<p>Di\u011fer ara\u00e7lar\u0131m\u0131zla hesaplayabilece\u011finiz ilgili gaz \u00f6zellikleri aras\u0131nda <a href=\"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/kimya\/gaz-yogunlugu-hesaplama\/\">Gaz Yo\u011funlu\u011fu hesaplay\u0131c\u0131s\u0131<\/a> ile sabit s\u0131cakl\u0131k ve bas\u0131n\u00e7ta molek\u00fcl say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 hacme ba\u011flayan <a href=\"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/kimya\/avogadro-yasasi-hesaplayici\/\">Avogadro Yasas\u0131 hesaplay\u0131c\u0131s\u0131<\/a> yer al\u0131r.<\/p>\n<h2>Varsay\u0131mlar ve S\u0131n\u0131rlamalar<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Sert k\u00fcre modeli:<\/strong> molek\u00fcller tek bir \u00e7apa sahip rijit k\u00fcreler olarak ele al\u0131n\u0131r. Ger\u00e7ek molek\u00fcller yumu\u015fak ve uzun menzilli potansiyellerle etkile\u015fir; bu y\u00fczden tablolardaki \u00e7arp\u0131\u015fma \u00e7aplar\u0131 genellikle viskozite verilerine uydurulmu\u015f etkin de\u011ferlerdir \u2014 sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n yakla\u015f\u0131k \u00b1%20 do\u011frulukta olmas\u0131n\u0131 bekleyin.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Seyreltik, ideal gaz:<\/strong> form\u00fcl \\(\\lambda \\gg d\\) varsayar; yani \u00e7arp\u0131\u015fmalar k\u0131sa ikili olaylard\u0131r. Yo\u011fun gazlarda ve yo\u011fu\u015fma noktas\u0131na yak\u0131n ko\u015fullarda ge\u00e7erlili\u011fini yitirir; yo\u011fun veya ideal olmayan durumlar i\u00e7in <a href=\"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/kimya\/van-der-waals-denklemi-hesaplayici\/\">Van der Waals Denklemi hesaplay\u0131c\u0131s\u0131na<\/a> bak\u0131n.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Tek bile\u015fenli gaz:<\/strong> tek tip bir \u00e7ap varsay\u0131l\u0131r. Gaz kar\u0131\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131 i\u00e7in etkin bir \u00e7ap kestirilmelidir (\u00f6r. kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m\u0131n viskozite verilerinden).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Maxwell\u2013Boltzmann da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m\u0131:<\/strong> \\(\\sqrt{2}\\) \u00e7arpan\u0131, \u00e7o\u011fu pratik ko\u015fulda ge\u00e7erli olan denge h\u0131z da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m\u0131na dayan\u0131r.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Mutlak bas\u0131n\u00e7 gerekir:<\/strong> g\u00f6sterge bas\u0131nc\u0131 1 atm'de s\u0131f\u0131r\u0131 g\u00f6sterir, oysa fizik mutlak bas\u0131nca ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r. Hi\u00e7bir \u015fey \u00e7\u0131karmay\u0131n \u2014 g\u00f6stergeniz ortam ko\u015fullar\u0131nda 0 bar g\u00f6steriyorsa 0 de\u011fil, yakla\u015f\u0131k 1 atm girin (s\u0131f\u0131r bas\u0131n\u00e7 zaten kabul edilmez).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>25 \u00b0C'deki Tipik De\u011ferler<\/h2>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Bas\u0131n\u00e7<\/th>\n<th>N\u2082 i\u00e7in \u03bb (d = 0,37 nm)<\/th>\n<th>Rejim<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>1 atm (101.325 Pa)<\/td>\n<td>\u2248 67 nm<\/td>\n<td>S\u00fcrekli ortam ak\u0131\u015f\u0131<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>1\/100 atm \u2248 1.013 Pa<\/td>\n<td>\u2248 6,7 \u00b5m<\/td>\n<td>Ge\u00e7i\u015f b\u00f6lgesi<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>1 Pa<\/td>\n<td>\u2248 6,8 \u00b5m<\/td>\n<td>Knudsen ak\u0131\u015f\u0131 ba\u015flar<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>10\u207b\u2076 atm (y\u00fcksek vakum)<\/td>\n<td>\u2248 6,7 cm<\/td>\n<td>Molek\u00fcler ak\u0131\u015f<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>Bas\u0131n\u00e7 d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fck\u00e7e \u03bb'n\u0131n ne h\u0131zl\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fcd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne dikkat edin \u2014 sabit s\u0131cakl\u0131kta bas\u0131n\u00e7 10 kat azald\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ortalama serbest yol da 10 kat artar.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>S\u0131cakl\u0131k, bas\u0131n\u00e7 ve \u00e7arp\u0131\u015fma \u00e7ap\u0131ndan gaz molek\u00fcllerinin ortalama serbest yolunu hesaplay\u0131n. Gaz ko\u015fullar\u0131n\u0131 diledi\u011finiz yayg\u0131n birimle girin ve \u03bb de\u011ferini nm, \u00b5m, mm veya m cinsinden al\u0131n.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3168,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[41],"class_list":["post-4017","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-kimya","tag-gazlar"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4017","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3168"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4017"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4017\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4017"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4017"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4017"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}