{"id":4023,"date":"2026-10-14T23:49:14","date_gmt":"2026-10-14T22:49:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/kimya\/gaz-molekul-hizi-hesaplayici\/"},"modified":"2026-10-14T23:49:14","modified_gmt":"2026-10-14T22:49:14","slug":"gaz-molekul-hizi-hesaplayici","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/kimya\/gaz-molekul-hizi-hesaplayici\/","title":{"rendered":"Gaz Molek\u00fcl H\u0131z\u0131 Hesaplay\u0131c\u0131s\u0131"},"content":{"rendered":"<section class=\"not-prose calculator-box\" aria-labelledby=\"calculator-title\"><div class=\"flex items-baseline sm:items-center justify-between gap-2 sm:gap-3\"><div class=\"flex flex-col sm:flex-row sm:items-center gap-2\"><span class=\"icon icon-calculator text-primary-700! text-base! dark:text-primary-300!\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><h2 id=\"calculator-title\" class=\"text-lg font-display font-bold\">S\u0131cakl\u0131k ve molar k\u00fctle ile molek\u00fcler h\u0131zlar<\/h2><\/div><div class=\"calcdash-favorite group\">\n  <button type=\"button\" class=\"favorite\" id=\"favorite\" data-favorite-id=\"4023\" data-favorite-title=\"Gaz Molek\u00fcl H\u0131z\u0131\" data-favorite-url=\"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/kimya\/gaz-molekul-hizi-hesaplayici\/\" data-favorite-excerpt=\"S\u0131cakl\u0131k ve mol k\u00fctlesinden gaz molek\u00fcllerinin etkin, ortalama ve en olas\u0131 h\u0131zlar\u0131n\u0131, ayr\u0131ca mol ba\u015f\u0131na ortalama \u00f6teleme enerjisini kinetik teori form\u00fclleriyle hesaplay\u0131n.\" aria-label=\"Favorilere ekle\" data-favorite-icon=\"icon icon-wind-2\">\n    <span class=\"icon icon-shape-star-empty\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>\n  <\/button>\n  <div class=\"calcdash-favorite__tip\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n   <span class=\"favorite-tooltip\" id=\"favorite-tooltip\"><\/span>\n  <\/div>\n  <span class=\"sr-only\" role=\"status\" id=\"favorite-status\"><\/span>\n<\/div><\/div><form action=\"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/kimya\/gaz-molekul-hizi-hesaplayici\/\" method=\"POST\" class=\"calculator\" id=\"calculator-4023\" data-post=\"4023\"><fieldset class=\"fieldset-input is-2\"><legend class=\"sr-only\">Giri\u015f alanlar\u0131<\/legend><div class=\"field has-term\" id=\"input-1\"><label for=\"field-1\">Mutlak s\u0131cakl\u0131k (T)<\/label><div class=\"term\">T<\/div>  <div class=\"absolute bottom-0 left-16 top-8 w-2 h-0.5 bg-blue-500\"><\/div><div class=\"field-group\"><input type=\"text\" name=\"mutlak_scaklk_t\" id=\"field-1\" aria-describedby=\"calc-info-1\" data-number inputmode=\"decimal\" autocomplete=\"off\" spellcheck=\"false\" placeholder=\"e.g. 300\" min=\"0\" value=\"300\"\/><div class=\"grid grid-cols-1\"><select id=\"field-2\" name=\"birim\" aria-label=\"Birim\"><option value=\"K\" selected>K<\/option><option value=\"degC\">\u00b0C<\/option><option value=\"degF\">\u00b0F<\/option><\/select><svg class=\"pointer-events-none col-start-1 row-start-1 mr-2 size-5 self-center justify-self-end text-gray-500 sm:size-4\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" fill=\"currentColor\" aria-hidden=\"true\" data-slot=\"icon\">\n              <path fill-rule=\"evenodd\" d=\"M4.22 6.22a.75.75 0 0 1 1.06 0L8 8.94l2.72-2.72a.75.75 0 1 1 1.06 1.06l-3.25 3.25a.75.75 0 0 1-1.06 0L4.22 7.28a.75.75 0 0 1 0-1.06Z\" clip-rule=\"evenodd\" \/>\n            <\/svg><\/div><\/div><small id=\"calc-info-1\">Gaz\u0131n s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131. Ger\u00e7ek bir mutlak s\u0131cakl\u0131k i\u00e7in kelvin kullan\u0131n; \u00b0C ve \u00b0F otomatik olarak d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcr.<\/small><\/div><div class=\"field has-term\" id=\"input-2\"><label for=\"field-3\">Molar k\u00fctle (M)<\/label><div class=\"term\">M<\/div>  <div class=\"absolute bottom-0 left-16 top-8 w-2 h-0.5 bg-blue-500\"><\/div><div class=\"field-group\"><input type=\"text\" name=\"molar_ktle_m\" id=\"field-3\" aria-describedby=\"calc-info-3\" data-number inputmode=\"decimal\" autocomplete=\"off\" spellcheck=\"false\" placeholder=\"e.g. 32\" min=\"0\" value=\"32\"\/><div class=\"grid grid-cols-1\"><select id=\"field-4\" name=\"birim\" aria-label=\"Birim\"><option value=\"g_mol\" selected>g\/mol<\/option><option value=\"kg_mol\">kg\/mol<\/option><\/select><svg class=\"pointer-events-none col-start-1 row-start-1 mr-2 size-5 self-center justify-self-end text-gray-500 sm:size-4\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" fill=\"currentColor\" aria-hidden=\"true\" data-slot=\"icon\">\n              <path fill-rule=\"evenodd\" d=\"M4.22 6.22a.75.75 0 0 1 1.06 0L8 8.94l2.72-2.72a.75.75 0 1 1 1.06 1.06l-3.25 3.25a.75.75 0 0 1-1.06 0L4.22 7.28a.75.75 0 0 1 0-1.06Z\" clip-rule=\"evenodd\" \/>\n            <\/svg><\/div><\/div><small id=\"calc-info-3\">Gaz molek\u00fcllerinin bir mol\u00fcn\u00fcn k\u00fctlesi; \u00f6rne\u011fin H\u2082 i\u00e7in 2, hava i\u00e7in 28,97, O\u2082 i\u00e7in 32, CO\u2082 i\u00e7in 44.<\/small><\/div><\/fieldset><div class=\"buttons\"><button type=\"submit\" data-text=\"Yeniden hesapla\" id=\"calculate-button\" data-post=\"4023\">Hesapla<\/button><button type=\"reset\">S\u0131f\u0131rla<\/button><\/div><div class=\"field is-checkbox hidden!\" id=\"field-auto-calc\"><input type=\"checkbox\" id=\"auto-calc\"><label for=\"auto-calc\">Otomatik hesapla<\/label><small>Etkinle\u015ftirilirse, herhangi bir de\u011feri de\u011fi\u015ftirdi\u011finizde sonu\u00e7 otomatik olarak g\u00fcncellenir.<\/small><\/div><div class=\"fieldset-result is-hidden\" aria-labelledby=\"result-title\" aria-live=\"polite\" role=\"region\"> <h3 class=\"result-title bg-gradient-to-r from-primary-50 to-gray-50 dark:from-primary-900 dark:to-gray-800\" id=\"result-title\"><span class=\"icon icon-s-pulse\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span> Molek\u00fcler h\u0131zlar (kinetik teori)<\/h3><div class=\"result-box\"><div class=\"field-result\" id=\"output-1\"><span class=\"field-title\"><span>Karek\u00f6k-ortalama h\u0131z<\/span><span class=\"result-term\">v_rms<\/span><\/span><span class=\"field-value\" id=\"result-1\"><\/span><button type=\"button\" class=\"copy-result\" data-tooltip=\"Sonucu kopyala\" aria-label=\"Sonucu kopyala\"><span class=\"copy-icon icon icon-document-copy\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><\/button><\/div><div class=\"field-result\" id=\"output-2\"><span class=\"field-title\"><span>Ortalama h\u0131z<\/span><span class=\"result-term\">v\u0304<\/span><\/span><span class=\"field-value\" id=\"result-2\"><\/span><button type=\"button\" class=\"copy-result\" data-tooltip=\"Sonucu kopyala\" aria-label=\"Sonucu kopyala\"><span class=\"copy-icon icon icon-document-copy\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><\/button><\/div><div class=\"field-result\" id=\"output-3\"><span class=\"field-title\"><span>En olas\u0131 h\u0131z<\/span><span class=\"result-term\">v_p<\/span><\/span><span class=\"field-value\" id=\"result-3\"><\/span><button type=\"button\" class=\"copy-result\" data-tooltip=\"Sonucu kopyala\" aria-label=\"Sonucu kopyala\"><span class=\"copy-icon icon icon-document-copy\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><\/button><\/div><div class=\"field-result\" id=\"output-4\"><span class=\"field-title\"><span>Mol ba\u015f\u0131na ortalama \u00f6teleme enerjisi<\/span><span class=\"result-term\">E\/mol<\/span><\/span><span class=\"field-value\" id=\"result-4\"><\/span><button type=\"button\" class=\"copy-result\" data-tooltip=\"Sonucu kopyala\" aria-label=\"Sonucu kopyala\"><span class=\"copy-icon icon icon-document-copy\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><\/button><\/div><div class=\"field-result is-column\" id=\"output-5\"><span class=\"field-title\"><span>Hesaplama ayr\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131<\/span><\/span><span class=\"field-value\" id=\"result-5\"><\/span><button type=\"button\" class=\"copy-result\" data-tooltip=\"Sonucu kopyala\" aria-label=\"Sonucu kopyala\"><span class=\"copy-icon icon icon-document-copy\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><\/button><\/div><div class=\"field-result is-column\" id=\"output-6\"><span class=\"field-title\"><span>Gazlar\u0131n kinetik teorisi hakk\u0131nda<\/span><\/span><span class=\"field-value\" id=\"result-6\"><\/span><button type=\"button\" class=\"copy-result\" data-tooltip=\"Sonucu kopyala\" aria-label=\"Sonucu kopyala\"><span class=\"copy-icon icon icon-document-copy\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><\/button><\/div><\/div><div class=\"result-actions\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"copy-link\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 20 20\" fill=\"currentColor\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M12.232 4.232a2.5 2.5 0 0 1 3.536 3.536l-1.225 1.224a.75.75 0 0 0 1.061 1.06l1.224-1.224a4 4 0 0 0-5.656-5.656l-3 3a4 4 0 0 0 .225 5.865.75.75 0 0 0 .977-1.138 2.5 2.5 0 0 1-.142-3.667l3-3Z\"\/><path d=\"M11.603 7.963a.75.75 0 0 0-.977 1.138 2.5 2.5 0 0 1 .142 3.667l-3 3a2.5 2.5 0 0 1-3.536-3.536l1.225-1.224a.75.75 0 0 0-1.061-1.06l-1.224 1.224a4 4 0 1 0 5.656 5.656l3-3a4 4 0 0 0-.225-5.865Z\"\/><\/svg><span class=\"copy-link__text\">Bu hesaplaman\u0131n ba\u011flant\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 kopyala<\/span><\/button><span class=\"sr-only\" role=\"status\" id=\"copy-link-status\"><\/span><\/div><\/div><a href=\"#respond\" class=\"hidden transition-opacity duration-300 opacity-0 w-50 text-sm justify-center items-center gap-2 px-4 py-2 rounded bg-gray-200 text-gray-700 hover:bg-gray-300\" id=\"leave-comment\"><span class=\"icon icon-comments\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Yorum b\u0131rak<\/a><\/form><\/section><section id=\"calc-reactions\" class=\"not-prose hidden my-12 bg-gradient-to-r from-primary-50 to-gray-50 border border-indigo-100 rounded-xl px-6 py-4 shadow-sm\" data-post=\"4023\" aria-live=\"polite\" aria-labelledby=\"calc-reactions-title\"><p id=\"calc-reactions-title\" class=\"text-sm text-gray-500 text-center mb-2\">Bu sonu\u00e7 hakk\u0131nda ne d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyorsunuz?<\/p><div role=\"group\" aria-labelledby=\"calc-reactions-title\" class=\"grid grid-cols-3 sm:flex sm:flex-row sm:justify-around gap-4 sm:items-center sm:flex-wrap\"><button type=\"button\" aria-pressed=\"false\" class=\"reaction-btn flex flex-col items-center gap-1 text-sm text-gray-700 hover:text-primary-600 cursor-pointer transition-transform hover:scale-105\" data-reaction=\"like\"><span class=\"reaction-count\" data-reaction-count=\"like\">0<\/span><span class=\"reaction text-3xl\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\ud83d\ude00 <\/span><span class=\"reaction-description font-medium\">Be\u011fendim <\/span><\/button><button type=\"button\" aria-pressed=\"false\" class=\"reaction-btn flex flex-col items-center gap-1 text-sm text-gray-700 hover:text-primary-600 cursor-pointer transition-transform hover:scale-105\" data-reaction=\"helpful\"><span class=\"reaction-count\" data-reaction-count=\"helpful\">0<\/span><span class=\"reaction text-3xl\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\ud83d\udca1 <\/span><span class=\"reaction-description font-medium\">Faydal\u0131 <\/span><\/button><button type=\"button\" aria-pressed=\"false\" class=\"reaction-btn flex flex-col items-center gap-1 text-sm text-gray-700 hover:text-primary-600 cursor-pointer transition-transform hover:scale-105\" data-reaction=\"confused\"><span class=\"reaction-count\" data-reaction-count=\"confused\">0<\/span><span class=\"reaction text-3xl\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\ud83d\ude15 <\/span><span class=\"reaction-description font-medium\">Kafam kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131 <\/span><\/button><button type=\"button\" aria-pressed=\"false\" class=\"reaction-btn flex flex-col items-center gap-1 text-sm text-gray-700 hover:text-primary-600 cursor-pointer transition-transform hover:scale-105\" data-reaction=\"disappointed\"><span class=\"reaction-count\" data-reaction-count=\"disappointed\">0<\/span><span class=\"reaction text-3xl\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\ud83d\ude1e <\/span><span class=\"reaction-description font-medium\">Hayal k\u0131r\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131 <\/span><\/button><button type=\"button\" aria-pressed=\"false\" class=\"reaction-btn flex flex-col items-center gap-1 text-sm text-gray-700 hover:text-primary-600 cursor-pointer transition-transform hover:scale-105\" data-reaction=\"inaccurate\"><span class=\"reaction-count\" data-reaction-count=\"inaccurate\">0<\/span><span class=\"reaction text-3xl\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\u274c <\/span><span class=\"reaction-description font-medium\">Hatal\u0131 <\/span><\/button><\/div><div id=\"reaction-message\" class=\"hidden mt-8 rounded-md border border-primary-100 bg-white\/50 backdrop-blur-sm px-4 py-2 text-sm text-center shadow-sm\"><\/div><\/section><div class=\"calcdash-ad not-prose calcdash-ad--calc_result calcdash-ad--in-article\"><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-1721569815777345\" data-ad-slot=\"6317458308\" data-ad-layout=\"in-article\" data-ad-format=\"fluid\"><\/ins><script>(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});<\/script><\/div>\n<style id=\"wpcoderpro-inline-1\">.formula-box {\r\n\tborder-bottom: none !important;\r\n}<\/style><section class=\"formula-box\" aria-labelledby=\"formula-title\">\r\n\t<div id=\"formula-title\" class=\"not-prose font-display mb-4\"><span class=\"icon icon-formula\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><h2>Gaz Molek\u00fcl H\u0131z\u0131 Form\u00fcl\u00fc<\/h2><\/div>\r\n\t<figure class=\"not-prose formula\">\r\n\t\t<figcaption class=\"formula-title\">Form\u00fcl<\/figcaption>\r\n\t\t<div class=\"text-base text-gray-800\" id=\"formula\">\n\\[ v_{rms} = \\sqrt{\\frac{3RT}{M}} \\qquad \\bar{v} = \\sqrt{\\frac{8RT}{\\pi M}} \\qquad v_p = \\sqrt{\\frac{2RT}{M}} \\qquad E_{mol} = \\frac{3}{2}RT \\]\n<\/div>\r\n\t<\/figure>\r\n\t<\/p>\n<p><strong>Burada:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\\(v_{rms}\\) \u2014 etkin h\u0131z (karek\u00f6k-ortalama-kare h\u0131z\u0131) (m\/s)<\/li>\n<li>\\(\\bar{v}\\) \u2014 ortalama h\u0131z (m\/s)<\/li>\n<li>\\(v_p\\) \u2014 en olas\u0131 h\u0131z (m\/s)<\/li>\n<li>\\(E_{mol}\\) \u2014 mol ba\u015f\u0131na ortalama \u00f6teleme kinetik enerjisi (J\/mol)<\/li>\n<li>\\(R\\) \u2014 evrensel gaz sabiti, \\(8.314\\ \\mathrm{J\/(mol\\cdot K)}\\)<\/li>\n<li>\\(T\\) \u2014 mutlak s\u0131cakl\u0131k (K)<\/li>\n<li>\\(M\\) \u2014 mol k\u00fctlesi (kg\/mol)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Bu \u00fc\u00e7 h\u0131z ideal gaz\u0131n Maxwell\u2013Boltzmann da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m\u0131ndan gelir: \\(v_p\\) da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m\u0131n tepe noktas\u0131d\u0131r, \\(\\bar{v}\\) t\u00fcm molek\u00fcllerin ortalamas\u0131d\u0131r ve \\(v_{rms}\\), molek\u00fcl ba\u015f\u0131na ortalama \u00f6teleme kinetik enerjisi \\(\\frac{3}{2}kT\\)'den \u00e7\u0131kar. \u015eunu da unutmay\u0131n: \\(E_{mol}\\) yaln\u0131zca s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011fa ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r, gaz\u0131n cinsine de\u011fil.<\/p>\n<p>\r\n<\/section>\n<style id=\"wpcoderpro-inline-2\">.calculation-box {\r\n\tborder-bottom: none !important;\r\n}<\/style><section id=\"calculation\" class=\"calculation-box\" aria-labelledby=\"calculation-title\">\r\n\t<div id=\"calculation-title\" class=\"not-prose font-display\"><span class=\"icon icon-unordered-list\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><h2>Gaz Molek\u00fcl H\u0131z\u0131 \u2013 Hesaplama \u00d6rne\u011fi<\/h2><\/div>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00d6rnek:<\/strong> 300 K'da oksijen gaz\u0131 (O\u2082, mol k\u00fctlesi 32 g\/mol) \u2014 hesaplay\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n varsay\u0131lan de\u011ferleri tam olarak bunlard\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>\\[ v_{rms} = \\sqrt{\\frac{3 \\times 8.314 \\times 300}{0.032}} = \\sqrt{233844} \\approx 483.6\\ \\mathrm{m\/s} \\\\ \\bar{v} = \\sqrt{\\frac{8 \\times 8.314 \\times 300}{\\pi \\times 0.032}} \\approx 445.5\\ \\mathrm{m\/s} \\\\ v_p = \\sqrt{\\frac{2 \\times 8.314 \\times 300}{0.032}} \\approx 394.8\\ \\mathrm{m\/s} \\\\ E_{mol} = \\tfrac{3}{2} \\times 8.314 \\times 300 \\approx 3741.5\\ \\mathrm{J\/mol} \\\\ \\\\ ]<\/p>\n<p><strong>Sonu\u00e7:<\/strong> \\(v_{rms} \\approx\\) 483,6 m\/s (yakla\u015f\u0131k 1740,8 km\/h), \\(\\bar{v} \\approx\\) 445,5 m\/s, \\(v_p \\approx\\) 394,8 m\/s ve mol ba\u015f\u0131na ortalama \u00f6teleme enerjisi yakla\u015f\u0131k 3741,5 J\/mol \u2014 molek\u00fcl ba\u015f\u0131na kabaca 0,064 eV (64 meV).<\/p>\n<p>\n\r\n<\/section>\n<h2>Hesaplay\u0131c\u0131 Nas\u0131l Kullan\u0131l\u0131r?<\/h2>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>Mutlak S\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 (T)<\/strong> girin ve birimini se\u00e7in: K, \u00b0C veya \u00b0F. De\u011fer otomatik olarak kelvine \u00e7evrilir.<\/li>\n<li>Gaz\u0131n <strong>Mol K\u00fctlesini (M)<\/strong> girin ve g\/mol veya kg\/mol se\u00e7ene\u011fini i\u015faretleyin. Yayg\u0131n de\u011ferler: H\u2082 i\u00e7in 2, hava i\u00e7in 28,97, O\u2082 i\u00e7in 32, CO\u2082 i\u00e7in 44.<\/li>\n<li>Sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 okuyun: <strong>Etkin H\u0131z<\/strong>, <strong>Ortalama H\u0131z<\/strong> ve <strong>En Olas\u0131 H\u0131z<\/strong> m\/s ve km\/h cinsinden, <strong>Mol Ba\u015f\u0131na Ortalama \u00d6teleme Enerjisi<\/strong> ise J\/mol cinsinden g\u00f6sterilir.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Hesaplama Ayr\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131<\/strong> b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc form\u00fcllere yerle\u015ftirilen say\u0131lar\u0131, <strong>Gazlar\u0131n Kinetik Teorisi Hakk\u0131nda<\/strong> b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc ise form\u00fcllerin dayand\u0131\u011f\u0131 varsay\u0131lar\u0131 \u00f6zetler.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2>Molek\u00fcl H\u0131z\u0131 Ne Demektir?<\/h2>\n<p>Gaz molek\u00fclleri s\u00fcrekli ve d\u00fczensiz bir hareket h\u00e2lindedir; saniyede milyarlarca kez \u00e7arp\u0131\u015f\u0131rlar. \u00c7arp\u0131\u015fmalar enerjiyi durmadan yeniden da\u011f\u0131tt\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in tek tek molek\u00fcllerin h\u0131zlar\u0131, Maxwell\u2013Boltzmann da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n tan\u0131mlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 geni\u015f bir aral\u0131\u011fa yay\u0131l\u0131r. Her molek\u00fcl\u00fc tek tek izlemek yerine da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m\u0131 birka\u00e7 karakteristik h\u0131zla \u00f6zetlemek \u00e7ok daha kullan\u0131\u015fl\u0131d\u0131r \u2014 bu hesaplay\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u015f de tam olarak budur.<\/p>\n<p><strong>En olas\u0131 h\u0131z<\/strong> \\(v_p\\) da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m\u0131n tepe noktas\u0131nda bulunur: bu h\u0131za yak\u0131n hareket eden molek\u00fcl say\u0131s\u0131, ba\u015fka herhangi bir h\u0131zdakinden fazlad\u0131r. <strong>Ortalama h\u0131z<\/strong> \\(\\bar{v}\\) t\u00fcm molek\u00fcllerin basit aritmetik ortalamas\u0131d\u0131r; \u00e7arp\u0131\u015fma s\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ya da eff\u00fczyon h\u0131zlar\u0131 gibi b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fckler i\u00e7in ge\u00e7erli olan h\u0131z budur. <strong>Etkin h\u0131z<\/strong> \\(v_{rms}\\) ise h\u0131zl\u0131 molek\u00fcllere daha b\u00fcy\u00fck a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131k verir (ortalama kare h\u0131zdan t\u00fcretilir); bu y\u00fczden enerji veya bas\u0131n\u00e7 s\u00f6z konusu oldu\u011funda do\u011fal tercihtir \u2014 \u00f6rne\u011fin bas\u0131n\u00e7 \\(PV = \\frac{1}{3}Nm\\overline{v^2}\\) ba\u011f\u0131nt\u0131s\u0131ndan do\u011far.<\/p>\n<p>Bu \u00fc\u00e7 h\u0131z, gaz\u0131n cinsinden ve s\u0131cakl\u0131ktan ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z olarak her zaman \\(v_p : \\bar{v} : v_{rms} = \\sqrt{2} : \\sqrt{8\/\\pi} : \\sqrt{3} \\approx 1 : 1.128 : 1.225\\) oran\u0131ndad\u0131r. Ak\u0131lda tutulmaya de\u011fer iki basit kural vard\u0131r: mutlak s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 iki kat\u0131na \u00e7\u0131karmak her h\u0131z\u0131 \\(\\sqrt{2}\\) kat art\u0131r\u0131r; mol k\u00fctlesini iki kat\u0131na \u00e7\u0131karmak ise her h\u0131z\u0131 \\(\\sqrt{2}\\)'ye b\u00f6ler. Bu y\u00fczden hafif hidrojen molek\u00fclleri oda s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda neredeyse 2000 m\/s h\u0131zla u\u00e7arken, a\u011f\u0131r CO\u2082 molek\u00fclleri ayn\u0131 s\u0131cakl\u0131kta ancak yakla\u015f\u0131k 400 m\/s ile ilerler.<\/p>\n<p>Mol ba\u015f\u0131na ortalama \u00f6teleme enerjisi, \\(E_{mol} = \\frac{3}{2}RT\\), e\u015fb\u00f6l\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm teoreminin do\u011frudan bir sonucudur: \u00fc\u00e7 \u00f6teleme serbestlik derecesinin her biri mol ba\u015f\u0131na \\(\\frac{1}{2}RT\\) enerji ta\u015f\u0131r. Ayn\u0131 s\u0131cakl\u0131kta her ideal gaz i\u00e7in ayn\u0131d\u0131r; dolay\u0131s\u0131yla helyum ve uranyum hekzaflor\u00fcr molek\u00fclleri ayn\u0131 ortalama \u00f6teleme enerjisine sahiptir \u2014 yaln\u0131z \u00e7ok farkl\u0131 h\u0131zlarla hareket ederler.<\/p>\n<h2>Varsay\u0131mlar, S\u0131n\u0131rlamalar ve Pratik \u0130pu\u00e7lar\u0131<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u0130deal gaz davran\u0131\u015f\u0131:<\/strong> form\u00fcller, molek\u00fcller aras\u0131 etkile\u015fimi olmayan noktasal molek\u00fcller varsayar. Ger\u00e7ek gazlar y\u00fcksek bas\u0131n\u00e7ta ya da yo\u011funla\u015fmaya yak\u0131n sapma g\u00f6sterir \u2014 bu ko\u015fullar i\u00e7in <a href=\"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/kimya\/van-der-waals-denklemi-hesaplayici\/\">Van der Waals Denklemi Hesaplay\u0131c\u0131s\u0131<\/a>'n\u0131 kullan\u0131n.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Denge gerekir:<\/strong> Maxwell\u2013Boltzmann da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m\u0131 ancak gaz \u0131s\u0131l dengeye ula\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ge\u00e7erlidir. G\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc ak\u0131\u015flarda, \u015fok dalgalar\u0131nda ya da \u00e7ok seyreltilmi\u015f gazlarda ger\u00e7ek h\u0131z da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m\u0131 farkl\u0131 olabilir.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Do\u011fru mol k\u00fctlesini kullan\u0131n:<\/strong> ger\u00e7ek gaz par\u00e7ac\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n k\u00fctlesini girin. Hava gibi bir kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m i\u00e7in etkin ortalama mol k\u00fctlesini (28,97 g\/mol) al\u0131n. He veya Ar gibi tek atomlu t\u00fcrler tek atom h\u00e2linde hareket eder; N\u2082 veya O\u2082 gibi molek\u00fcler gazlarda ise mol k\u00fctlesi b\u00fct\u00fcn molek\u00fcl\u00fcn k\u00fctlesidir.<\/li>\n<li><strong>S\u0131cakl\u0131k mutlak olmal\u0131d\u0131r:<\/strong> form\u00fcller kelvin ister. Hesaplay\u0131c\u0131 \u00b0C ve \u00b0F de\u011ferlerini sizin yerinize \u00e7evirir, ancak mutlak s\u0131f\u0131rda veya onun alt\u0131nda bir de\u011fer girilirse hata verir.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Yaln\u0131zca \u00f6teleme hareketi say\u0131l\u0131r:<\/strong> \\(E_{mol}\\) yaln\u0131zca \u00f6telemeyi kapsar. D\u00f6nen \u00e7ok atomlu molek\u00fcller ve titre\u015fen ba\u011flar ek enerji depolar; iki atomlu ve \u00e7ok atomlu gazlar\u0131n mol \u0131s\u0131 s\u0131\u011fas\u0131n\u0131n \\(\\frac{3}{2}R\\)'yi a\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n nedeni budur.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>300 K'da Tipik Molek\u00fcl H\u0131zlar\u0131<\/h2>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Gaz<\/th>\n<th>Mol k\u00fctlesi (g\/mol)<\/th>\n<th>\\(v_{rms}\\) (m\/s)<\/th>\n<th>\\(\\bar{v}\\) (m\/s)<\/th>\n<th>\\(v_p\\) (m\/s)<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>Hidrojen (H\u2082)<\/td>\n<td>2<\/td>\n<td>1934<\/td>\n<td>1781<\/td>\n<td>1578<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Helyum (He)<\/td>\n<td>4<\/td>\n<td>1367<\/td>\n<td>1259<\/td>\n<td>1116<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Azot (N\u2082)<\/td>\n<td>28<\/td>\n<td>517<\/td>\n<td>476<\/td>\n<td>422<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Hava (ortalama)<\/td>\n<td>28.97<\/td>\n<td>508<\/td>\n<td>468<\/td>\n<td>415<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Oksijen (O\u2082)<\/td>\n<td>32<\/td>\n<td>484<\/td>\n<td>445<\/td>\n<td>395<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Karbon dioksit (CO\u2082)<\/td>\n<td>44<\/td>\n<td>413<\/td>\n<td>380<\/td>\n<td>337<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>Molek\u00fcl h\u0131zlar\u0131 do\u011frudan s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011fa ba\u011fl\u0131 oldu\u011fundan bu hesaplay\u0131c\u0131, <a href=\"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/kimya\/gay-lussac-yasasi-hesaplama\/\">Gay-Lussac yasas\u0131<\/a> gibi s\u0131cakl\u0131k\u2013bas\u0131n\u00e7 ili\u015fkilerini ya da <a href=\"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/kimya\/avogadro-yasasi-hesaplayici\/\">Avogadro yasas\u0131<\/a> gibi gaz miktar\u0131\u2013hacim ili\u015fkilerini \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rken de i\u015finize yarar. H\u0131z\u0131n tepkimeleri belirledi\u011fi tepkime h\u0131zlar\u0131 i\u00e7in ise <a href=\"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/en\/chemistry\/reaction-rate-law-calculator\/\">Tepkime H\u0131z Yasas\u0131 Hesaplay\u0131c\u0131s\u0131<\/a> do\u011fal bir tamamlay\u0131c\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>S\u0131cakl\u0131k ve mol k\u00fctlesinden gaz molek\u00fcllerinin etkin, ortalama ve en olas\u0131 h\u0131zlar\u0131n\u0131, ayr\u0131ca mol ba\u015f\u0131na ortalama \u00f6teleme enerjisini kinetik teori form\u00fclleriyle hesaplay\u0131n.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3168,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[41],"class_list":["post-4023","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-kimya","tag-gazlar"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4023","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3168"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4023"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4023\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4023"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4023"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4023"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}