{"id":4047,"date":"2026-10-15T01:14:04","date_gmt":"2026-10-15T00:14:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/muhendislik\/rasyonel-yontem-tepe-debisi\/"},"modified":"2026-10-15T01:14:04","modified_gmt":"2026-10-15T00:14:04","slug":"rasyonel-yontem-tepe-debisi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/muhendislik\/rasyonel-yontem-tepe-debisi\/","title":{"rendered":"Rasyonel Y\u00f6ntem ile Tepe Debisi Hesab\u0131"},"content":{"rendered":"<section class=\"not-prose calculator-box\" aria-labelledby=\"calculator-title\"><div class=\"flex items-baseline sm:items-center justify-between gap-2 sm:gap-3\"><div class=\"flex flex-col sm:flex-row sm:items-center gap-2\"><span class=\"icon icon-calculator text-primary-700! text-base! dark:text-primary-300!\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><h2 id=\"calculator-title\" class=\"text-lg font-display font-bold\">Q = C\u00b7i\u00b7A Form\u00fcl\u00fcyle Pik Ya\u011fmur Suyu Debisini Hesaplay\u0131n<\/h2><\/div><div class=\"calcdash-favorite group\">\n  <button type=\"button\" class=\"favorite\" id=\"favorite\" data-favorite-id=\"4047\" data-favorite-title=\"Tepe Debisi\" data-favorite-url=\"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/muhendislik\/rasyonel-yontem-tepe-debisi\/\" data-favorite-excerpt=\"Rasyonel Y\u00f6ntem Q = C\u00b7i\u00b7A ile k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir drenaj alan\u0131ndan gelen tepe ya\u011f\u0131\u015f suyu debisini tahmin edin. Drenaj alan\u0131n\u0131, tasar\u0131m ya\u011f\u0131\u015f \u015fiddetini ve ak\u0131\u015f katsay\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 girin; tepe debisini L\/s, m\u00b3\/s, ft\u00b3\/s ve daha bir\u00e7ok birimde g\u00f6r\u00fcn.\" aria-label=\"Favorilere ekle\" data-favorite-icon=\"icon icon-civil\">\n    <span class=\"icon icon-shape-star-empty\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>\n  <\/button>\n  <div class=\"calcdash-favorite__tip\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n   <span class=\"favorite-tooltip\" id=\"favorite-tooltip\"><\/span>\n  <\/div>\n  <span class=\"sr-only\" role=\"status\" id=\"favorite-status\"><\/span>\n<\/div><\/div><form action=\"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/muhendislik\/rasyonel-yontem-tepe-debisi\/\" method=\"POST\" class=\"calculator\" id=\"calculator-4047\" data-post=\"4047\"><fieldset class=\"fieldset-input is-2\"><legend class=\"sr-only\">Giri\u015f alanlar\u0131<\/legend><div class=\"field has-term\" id=\"input-1\"><label for=\"field-1\">Drenaj alan\u0131 (A)<\/label><div class=\"term\">A<\/div>  <div class=\"absolute bottom-0 left-16 top-8 w-2 h-0.5 bg-blue-500\"><\/div><div class=\"field-group\"><input type=\"text\" name=\"drenaj_alan_a\" id=\"field-1\" aria-describedby=\"calc-info-1\" data-number inputmode=\"decimal\" autocomplete=\"off\" spellcheck=\"false\" placeholder=\"2\" min=\"0.0001\" value=\"2\"\/><div class=\"grid grid-cols-1\"><select id=\"field-2\" name=\"birim\" aria-label=\"Birim\"><option value=\"ha\" selected>ha<\/option><option value=\"sqm\">m\u00b2<\/option><option value=\"sqkm\">km\u00b2<\/option><option value=\"acre\">akre<\/option><option value=\"sqft\">ft\u00b2<\/option><option value=\"sqmi\">mi\u00b2<\/option><\/select><svg class=\"pointer-events-none col-start-1 row-start-1 mr-2 size-5 self-center justify-self-end text-gray-500 sm:size-4\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" fill=\"currentColor\" aria-hidden=\"true\" data-slot=\"icon\">\n              <path fill-rule=\"evenodd\" d=\"M4.22 6.22a.75.75 0 0 1 1.06 0L8 8.94l2.72-2.72a.75.75 0 1 1 1.06 1.06l-3.25 3.25a.75.75 0 0 1-1.06 0L4.22 7.28a.75.75 0 0 1 0-1.06Z\" clip-rule=\"evenodd\" \/>\n            <\/svg><\/div><\/div><small id=\"calc-info-1\">Tasar\u0131m noktas\u0131n\u0131n yukar\u0131s\u0131nda kalan ve ak\u0131\u015fa katk\u0131 sa\u011flayan havza alan\u0131<\/small><\/div><div class=\"field has-term\" id=\"input-2\"><label for=\"field-3\">Ya\u011f\u0131\u015f \u015fiddeti (i)<\/label><div class=\"term\">i<\/div>  <div class=\"absolute bottom-0 left-16 top-8 w-2 h-0.5 bg-blue-500\"><\/div><div class=\"field-group\"><input type=\"text\" name=\"ya_iddeti_i\" id=\"field-3\" aria-describedby=\"calc-info-3\" data-number inputmode=\"decimal\" autocomplete=\"off\" spellcheck=\"false\" placeholder=\"50\" min=\"0.01\" value=\"50\"\/><div class=\"grid grid-cols-1\"><select id=\"field-4\" name=\"birim\" aria-label=\"Birim\"><option value=\"mmh\" selected>mm\/h<\/option><option value=\"inh\">in\/h<\/option><\/select><svg class=\"pointer-events-none col-start-1 row-start-1 mr-2 size-5 self-center justify-self-end text-gray-500 sm:size-4\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" fill=\"currentColor\" aria-hidden=\"true\" data-slot=\"icon\">\n              <path fill-rule=\"evenodd\" d=\"M4.22 6.22a.75.75 0 0 1 1.06 0L8 8.94l2.72-2.72a.75.75 0 1 1 1.06 1.06l-3.25 3.25a.75.75 0 0 1-1.06 0L4.22 7.28a.75.75 0 0 1 0-1.06Z\" clip-rule=\"evenodd\" \/>\n            <\/svg><\/div><\/div><small id=\"calc-info-3\">Tasar\u0131m ya\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131 s\u00fcresi i\u00e7in ortalama ya\u011f\u0131\u015f \u015fiddeti (genellikle konsantrasyon s\u00fcresine e\u015fit veya daha b\u00fcy\u00fck)<\/small><\/div><div class=\"field is-single has-term\" id=\"input-3\"><label for=\"field-5\">Ak\u0131\u015f katsay\u0131s\u0131 (C)<\/label><div class=\"term\">C<\/div>  <div class=\"absolute bottom-0 left-16 top-8 w-2 h-0.5 bg-blue-500\"><\/div><input type=\"text\" name=\"ak_katsays_c\" id=\"field-5\" aria-describedby=\"calc-info-5\" data-number inputmode=\"decimal\" autocomplete=\"off\" spellcheck=\"false\" placeholder=\"0.7\" min=\"0.01\" max=\"1\" value=\"0.7\"\/><small id=\"calc-info-5\">Tipik de\u011ferler: asfalt\/\u00e7at\u0131 0,70\u20130,95, beton 0,80\u20130,95, \u00e7ak\u0131l 0,50\u20130,70, kumlu toprakta \u00e7im 0,10\u20130,20, killi toprakta \u00e7im 0,25\u20130,35, karma kentsel alan 0,50\u20130,70<\/small><\/div><\/fieldset><div class=\"buttons\"><button type=\"submit\" data-text=\"Yeniden hesapla\" id=\"calculate-button\" data-post=\"4047\">Hesapla<\/button><button type=\"reset\">S\u0131f\u0131rla<\/button><\/div><div class=\"field is-checkbox hidden!\" id=\"field-auto-calc\"><input type=\"checkbox\" id=\"auto-calc\"><label for=\"auto-calc\">Otomatik hesapla<\/label><small>Etkinle\u015ftirilirse, herhangi bir de\u011feri de\u011fi\u015ftirdi\u011finizde sonu\u00e7 otomatik olarak g\u00fcncellenir.<\/small><\/div><div class=\"fieldset-result is-hidden\" aria-labelledby=\"result-title\" aria-live=\"polite\" role=\"region\"> <h3 class=\"result-title bg-gradient-to-r from-primary-50 to-gray-50 dark:from-primary-900 dark:to-gray-800\" id=\"result-title\"><span class=\"icon icon-s-pulse\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span> Rasyonel Y\u00f6ntem Sonu\u00e7lar\u0131<\/h3><div class=\"result-box\"><div class=\"field-result\" id=\"output-1\"><span class=\"field-title\"><span>Pik debi<\/span><span class=\"result-term\">Q<\/span><\/span><span class=\"field-value\" id=\"result-1\"><\/span><button type=\"button\" class=\"copy-result\" data-tooltip=\"Sonucu kopyala\" aria-label=\"Sonucu kopyala\"><span class=\"copy-icon icon icon-document-copy\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><\/button><\/div><div class=\"field-result is-column\" id=\"output-2\"><span class=\"field-title\"><span>Di\u011fer birimlerde<\/span><\/span><span class=\"field-value\" id=\"result-2\"><\/span><button type=\"button\" class=\"copy-result\" data-tooltip=\"Sonucu kopyala\" aria-label=\"Sonucu kopyala\"><span class=\"copy-icon icon icon-document-copy\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><\/button><\/div><div class=\"field-result is-column\" id=\"output-3\"><span class=\"field-title\"><span>Form\u00fcl ve notlar<\/span><\/span><span class=\"field-value\" id=\"result-3\"><\/span><button type=\"button\" class=\"copy-result\" data-tooltip=\"Sonucu kopyala\" aria-label=\"Sonucu kopyala\"><span class=\"copy-icon icon icon-document-copy\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><\/button><\/div><\/div><div class=\"result-actions\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"copy-link\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 20 20\" fill=\"currentColor\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M12.232 4.232a2.5 2.5 0 0 1 3.536 3.536l-1.225 1.224a.75.75 0 0 0 1.061 1.06l1.224-1.224a4 4 0 0 0-5.656-5.656l-3 3a4 4 0 0 0 .225 5.865.75.75 0 0 0 .977-1.138 2.5 2.5 0 0 1-.142-3.667l3-3Z\"\/><path d=\"M11.603 7.963a.75.75 0 0 0-.977 1.138 2.5 2.5 0 0 1 .142 3.667l-3 3a2.5 2.5 0 0 1-3.536-3.536l1.225-1.224a.75.75 0 0 0-1.061-1.06l-1.224 1.224a4 4 0 1 0 5.656 5.656l3-3a4 4 0 0 0-.225-5.865Z\"\/><\/svg><span class=\"copy-link__text\">Bu hesaplaman\u0131n ba\u011flant\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 kopyala<\/span><\/button><span class=\"sr-only\" role=\"status\" id=\"copy-link-status\"><\/span><\/div><\/div><a href=\"#respond\" class=\"hidden transition-opacity duration-300 opacity-0 w-50 text-sm justify-center items-center gap-2 px-4 py-2 rounded bg-gray-200 text-gray-700 hover:bg-gray-300\" id=\"leave-comment\"><span class=\"icon icon-comments\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Yorum b\u0131rak<\/a><\/form><\/section><section id=\"calc-reactions\" class=\"not-prose hidden my-12 bg-gradient-to-r from-primary-50 to-gray-50 border border-indigo-100 rounded-xl px-6 py-4 shadow-sm\" data-post=\"4047\" aria-live=\"polite\" aria-labelledby=\"calc-reactions-title\"><p id=\"calc-reactions-title\" class=\"text-sm text-gray-500 text-center mb-2\">Bu sonu\u00e7 hakk\u0131nda ne d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyorsunuz?<\/p><div role=\"group\" aria-labelledby=\"calc-reactions-title\" class=\"grid grid-cols-3 sm:flex sm:flex-row sm:justify-around gap-4 sm:items-center sm:flex-wrap\"><button type=\"button\" aria-pressed=\"false\" class=\"reaction-btn flex flex-col items-center gap-1 text-sm text-gray-700 hover:text-primary-600 cursor-pointer transition-transform hover:scale-105\" data-reaction=\"like\"><span class=\"reaction-count\" data-reaction-count=\"like\">0<\/span><span class=\"reaction text-3xl\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\ud83d\ude00 <\/span><span class=\"reaction-description font-medium\">Be\u011fendim <\/span><\/button><button type=\"button\" aria-pressed=\"false\" class=\"reaction-btn flex flex-col items-center gap-1 text-sm text-gray-700 hover:text-primary-600 cursor-pointer transition-transform hover:scale-105\" data-reaction=\"helpful\"><span class=\"reaction-count\" data-reaction-count=\"helpful\">0<\/span><span class=\"reaction text-3xl\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\ud83d\udca1 <\/span><span class=\"reaction-description font-medium\">Faydal\u0131 <\/span><\/button><button type=\"button\" aria-pressed=\"false\" class=\"reaction-btn flex flex-col items-center gap-1 text-sm text-gray-700 hover:text-primary-600 cursor-pointer transition-transform hover:scale-105\" data-reaction=\"confused\"><span class=\"reaction-count\" data-reaction-count=\"confused\">0<\/span><span class=\"reaction text-3xl\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\ud83d\ude15 <\/span><span class=\"reaction-description font-medium\">Kafam kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131 <\/span><\/button><button type=\"button\" aria-pressed=\"false\" class=\"reaction-btn flex flex-col items-center gap-1 text-sm text-gray-700 hover:text-primary-600 cursor-pointer transition-transform hover:scale-105\" data-reaction=\"disappointed\"><span class=\"reaction-count\" data-reaction-count=\"disappointed\">0<\/span><span class=\"reaction text-3xl\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\ud83d\ude1e <\/span><span class=\"reaction-description font-medium\">Hayal k\u0131r\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131 <\/span><\/button><button type=\"button\" aria-pressed=\"false\" class=\"reaction-btn flex flex-col items-center gap-1 text-sm text-gray-700 hover:text-primary-600 cursor-pointer transition-transform hover:scale-105\" data-reaction=\"inaccurate\"><span class=\"reaction-count\" data-reaction-count=\"inaccurate\">0<\/span><span class=\"reaction text-3xl\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\u274c <\/span><span class=\"reaction-description font-medium\">Hatal\u0131 <\/span><\/button><\/div><div id=\"reaction-message\" class=\"hidden mt-8 rounded-md border border-primary-100 bg-white\/50 backdrop-blur-sm px-4 py-2 text-sm text-center shadow-sm\"><\/div><\/section><div class=\"calcdash-ad not-prose calcdash-ad--calc_result calcdash-ad--in-article\"><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-1721569815777345\" data-ad-slot=\"6317458308\" data-ad-layout=\"in-article\" data-ad-format=\"fluid\"><\/ins><script>(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});<\/script><\/div>\n<style id=\"wpcoderpro-inline-1\">.formula-box {\r\n\tborder-bottom: none !important;\r\n}<\/style><section class=\"formula-box\" aria-labelledby=\"formula-title\">\r\n\t<div id=\"formula-title\" class=\"not-prose font-display mb-4\"><span class=\"icon icon-formula\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><h2>Rasyonel Y\u00f6ntem Form\u00fcl\u00fc<\/h2><\/div>\r\n\t<figure class=\"not-prose formula\">\r\n\t\t<figcaption class=\"formula-title\">Form\u00fcl<\/figcaption>\r\n\t\t<div class=\"text-base text-gray-800\" id=\"formula\">\n\\[ Q = C \\, i \\, A \\]\n<\/div>\r\n\t<\/figure>\r\n\t<\/p>\n<p><strong>Burada:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\\(Q\\) \u2014 tepe debisi<\/li>\n<li>\\(C\\) \u2014 ak\u0131\u015f katsay\u0131s\u0131 (boyutsuz, 0\u20131): ya\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131n y\u00fczey ak\u0131\u015f\u0131na d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fen kesri<\/li>\n<li>\\(i\\) \u2014 tasar\u0131m ya\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n s\u00fcresi i\u00e7in ortalama ya\u011f\u0131\u015f \u015fiddeti (mm\/h veya in\/h)<\/li>\n<li>\\(A\\) \u2014 ak\u0131\u015fa katk\u0131 veren drenaj alan\u0131 (ha, m\u00b2, km\u00b2, acre, ft\u00b2 veya mi\u00b2)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Form\u00fcl, b\u00fct\u00fcn havza ayn\u0131 anda ak\u0131\u015fa katk\u0131 verdi\u011fi anda tasar\u0131m noktas\u0131ndaki tepe debisini verir. Kullan\u0131\u015fl\u0131 kar\u0131\u015f\u0131k birimlerle: \\(i\\) mm\/h ve \\(A\\) hektar iken \\(Q\\) L\/s cinsinden bulunur (\\(Q \\approx 2.778 \\cdot C \\cdot i \\cdot A\\)); \\(i\\) in\/h ve \\(A\\) acre iken \\(Q\\) do\u011frudan ft\u00b3\/s cinsinden elde edilir.<\/p>\n<p>\r\n<\/section>\n<style id=\"wpcoderpro-inline-2\">.calculation-box {\r\n\tborder-bottom: none !important;\r\n}<\/style><section id=\"calculation\" class=\"calculation-box\" aria-labelledby=\"calculation-title\">\r\n\t<div id=\"calculation-title\" class=\"not-prose font-display\"><span class=\"icon icon-unordered-list\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><h2>Rasyonel Y\u00f6ntem \u2013 Hesaplama \u00d6rne\u011fi<\/h2><\/div>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00d6rnek:<\/strong> Ak\u0131\u015f katsay\u0131s\u0131 0,7 olan 2 hektarl\u0131k karma kentsel bir havza, bir ya\u011fmur suyu giri\u015fine bo\u015fal\u0131yor. Yerel IDF e\u011frisi, konsantrasyon s\u00fcresine e\u015fit bir ya\u011f\u0131\u015f s\u00fcresi i\u00e7in 50 mm\/h tasar\u0131m ya\u011f\u0131\u015f \u015fiddeti veriyor.<\/p>\n<p>\\[ Q = 2.778 \\times 0.7 \\times 50 \\times 2 \\approx 194.4 \\text{ L\/s} \\]<\/p>\n<p><strong>Sonu\u00e7:<\/strong> tepe debisi yakla\u015f\u0131k <strong>194,4 L\/s<\/strong>, yani 0,194 m\u00b3\/s, \u2248 6,87 ft\u00b3\/s veya dakikada yakla\u015f\u0131k 3.080 ABD galonu. Giri\u015fin, borunun ya da kanal\u0131n bu debiye g\u00f6re boyutland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekir.<\/p>\n<p>\n\r\n<\/section>\n<h2>Hesaplay\u0131c\u0131 nas\u0131l kullan\u0131l\u0131r?<\/h2>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>Drenaj alan\u0131n\u0131 (A)<\/strong> girin \u2014 tasar\u0131m noktan\u0131z\u0131n yukar\u0131s\u0131ndaki havza alan\u0131n\u0131 \u2014 ve birimini se\u00e7in (ha, m\u00b2, km\u00b2, acre, ft\u00b2 veya mi\u00b2).<\/li>\n<li>Yerel bir IDF e\u011frisinden ya da ya\u011fmur suyu tasar\u0131m standard\u0131ndan, konsantrasyon s\u00fcresine e\u015fit ya da ondan b\u00fcy\u00fck bir s\u00fcre kullanarak <strong>ya\u011f\u0131\u015f \u015fiddetini (i)<\/strong> girin ve mm\/h ya da in\/h se\u00e7in.<\/li>\n<li>0 ile 1 aras\u0131nda <strong>ak\u0131\u015f katsay\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 (C)<\/strong> girin. Tek tip bir y\u00fczey i\u00e7in tek bir de\u011fer; ayn\u0131 noktaya akan birka\u00e7 y\u00fczey t\u00fcr\u00fc varsa a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131kl\u0131 ortalama kullan\u0131n.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Tepe debisini<\/strong> ve ayn\u0131 debinin m\u00b3\/s, L\/s, ft\u00b3\/s, ABD gal\/dak ve di\u011fer e\u015fde\u011fer birimlerdeki kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 okuyun.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2>Rasyonel y\u00f6ntem nedir?<\/h2>\n<p>Rasyonel y\u00f6ntem, k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck havzalardan gelen tepe ya\u011f\u0131\u015f suyu debisini tahmin etmek i\u00e7in en yayg\u0131n kullan\u0131lan tekniktir. Y\u00f6ntem, tepe debisinin, sabit \u015fiddetli ya\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131n en az konsantrasyon s\u00fcresi boyunca ya\u011fmas\u0131 durumunda olu\u015ftu\u011funu varsayar; konsantrasyon s\u00fcresi, hidrolik olarak en uzak noktadaki suyun havza \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131na ula\u015fmas\u0131 i\u00e7in gereken s\u00fcredir. O anda havzan\u0131n her metrekaresi ak\u0131\u015fa katk\u0131 verir ve tepe debisi, ya\u011f\u0131\u015f \u015fiddetinin alanla \u00e7arp\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n, ger\u00e7ekten y\u00fczey ak\u0131\u015f\u0131na d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fen kesirle \u00f6l\u00e7eklenmi\u015f h\u00e2lidir.<\/p>\n<p>Y\u00f6ntemin \u00f6nemi \u015furadan gelir: tepe debisi, neredeyse b\u00fct\u00fcn ya\u011fmur suyu tasar\u0131m kararlar\u0131n\u0131 belirleyen say\u0131d\u0131r \u2014 ya\u011fmur suyu borununun \u00e7ap\u0131, bir menfezin ya da giri\u015fin kapasitesi, bir kanal\u0131n ya da yarma hendekli\u011fin geni\u015fli\u011fi ve geciktirme havuzlar\u0131n\u0131n boyutu. \\(Q\\) de\u011ferini buldu\u011funuzda onu do\u011frudan hidrolik tasar\u0131ma aktarabilirsiniz; \u00f6rne\u011fin a\u00e7\u0131k bir kanal\u0131 <a href=\"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/muhendislik\/manning-acik-kanal-akisi\/\">Manning a\u00e7\u0131k kanal ak\u0131\u015f\u0131 hesaplay\u0131c\u0131s\u0131yla<\/a> boyutland\u0131rabilir ya da bir borudaki kay\u0131plar\u0131 <a href=\"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/muhendislik\/boru-basinc-dusumu\/\">boru bas\u0131n\u00e7 kayb\u0131 hesaplay\u0131c\u0131s\u0131yla<\/a> denetleyebilirsiniz.<\/p>\n<p>Sonucu yorumlamak kolayd\u0131r: bu bir <em>tepe<\/em> debisidir, hacim ya da hidrograf de\u011fildir. De\u011fer \u00fc\u00e7 girdinin hepsiyle do\u011frusal \u00f6l\u00e7eklenir; dolay\u0131s\u0131yla \u015fiddeti iki kat\u0131na \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131rsan\u0131z tepe debisi de iki kat\u0131na \u00e7\u0131kar. Y\u00f6ntem tam bir ak\u0131\u015f sim\u00fclasyonu yerine tek bir tasar\u0131m say\u0131s\u0131 verdi\u011fi i\u00e7in en \u00e7ok \u00f6n tasar\u0131mda ve depolama ile tavlama etkilerinin k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck oldu\u011fu havzalarda kullan\u0131lmaya uygundur.<\/p>\n<h2>Ak\u0131\u015f katsay\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n se\u00e7imi<\/h2>\n<p>\\(C\\), ya\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131n y\u00fczey ak\u0131\u015f\u0131 olarak ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan kesrini temsil eder; s\u0131zma, \u00e7ukur birikimi ve bitki tutulumu kay\u0131plar\u0131n\u0131 tek bir katsay\u0131da toplar. Tipik de\u011ferler:<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Y\u00fczey<\/th>\n<th>Ak\u0131\u015f katsay\u0131s\u0131 C<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>Asfalt, \u00e7at\u0131<\/td>\n<td>0,70\u20130,95<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Beton<\/td>\n<td>0,80\u20130,95<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u00c7ak\u0131l<\/td>\n<td>0,50\u20130,70<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u00c7im, kumlu toprak<\/td>\n<td>0,10\u20130,20<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u00c7im, a\u011f\u0131r (killi) toprak<\/td>\n<td>0,25\u20130,35<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Karma kentsel alanlar<\/td>\n<td>0,50\u20130,70<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>Birka\u00e7 y\u00fczey t\u00fcr\u00fc i\u00e7eren havzalar i\u00e7in alan a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131kl\u0131 ortalama hesaplay\u0131n: \\(C = \\sum C_k A_k \/ \\sum A_k\\). Dik yama\u00e7larda ve daha az ge\u00e7irgen topraklarda daha y\u00fcksek katsay\u0131lar kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n<h2>Varsay\u0131mlar, s\u0131n\u0131rlamalar ve pratik ipu\u00e7lar\u0131<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Yaln\u0131zca k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck havzalar.<\/strong> Rasyonel y\u00f6ntemin ge\u00e7erli say\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00fcst s\u0131n\u0131r genellikle yakla\u015f\u0131k 50\u2013200 hektard\u0131r (yakla\u015f\u0131k 50\u2013500 acre). Daha b\u00fcy\u00fck havzalarda ya\u011f\u0131\u015f, alan \u00fczerinde fazla de\u011fi\u015fken olur ve tavlama ile depolama etkileri \u00f6nem kazan\u0131r; bu durumda hidrograf y\u00f6ntemi kullan\u0131n.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Tekd\u00fcze ya\u011f\u0131\u015f.<\/strong> Y\u00f6ntem, ya\u011f\u0131\u015f s\u00fcresi boyunca b\u00fct\u00fcn havzaya e\u015fit da\u011f\u0131lm\u0131\u015f sabit \u015fiddet varsayar. De\u011fi\u015fken ya da yer de\u011fi\u015ftiren f\u0131rt\u0131nalar\u0131 temsil edemez.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u015eiddet, konsantrasyon s\u00fcresiyle uyumlu olmal\u0131.<\/strong> \\(i\\) de\u011ferini daima se\u00e7ti\u011finiz tekrarlanma periyodu (\u00f6r. 2, 10 veya 100 y\u0131ll\u0131k) i\u00e7in, s\u00fcresi \\(t_c\\)'ye e\u015fit olacak bi\u00e7imde bir IDF e\u011frisinden al\u0131n. Yanl\u0131\u015f s\u00fcre i\u00e7in \u015fiddet kullanmak en s\u0131k yap\u0131lan hatad\u0131r.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\\(C\\) sabit varsay\u0131l\u0131r.<\/strong> Ger\u00e7ekte ak\u0131\u015f katsay\u0131lar\u0131 toprak doyduk\u00e7a ve daha \u015fiddetli f\u0131rt\u0131nlarda artar; bu y\u00fczden bir\u00e7ok standart, nadir olaylar i\u00e7in daha y\u00fcksek \\(C\\) de\u011ferleri \u00f6nerir. Yerel tasar\u0131m y\u00f6netmeli\u011finizi kontrol edin.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Depolama ya da tavlama yok.<\/strong> G\u00f6letler, \u00f6nemli depolama kapasitesi olan borular ve \u00e7ok d\u00fcz havzalar tepe debisini azalt\u0131r; y\u00f6ntem bunu yok sayar \u2014 bu y\u00fczden b\u00f6yle bir depolama varsa sonu\u00e7 bir miktar g\u00fcvenli tarafta kal\u0131r.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Tekrarlanma periyodunu denetleyin.<\/strong> Sonu\u00e7, arkas\u0131ndaki tasar\u0131m ya\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n kalitesine ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r: tekrarlanma periyodunu ar\u0131zan\u0131n sonucuna g\u00f6re se\u00e7in (k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7ekli drenaj m\u0131, b\u00fcy\u00fck ta\u015fk\u0131n korumas\u0131 m\u0131).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Rasyonel Y\u00f6ntem Q = C\u00b7i\u00b7A ile k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir drenaj alan\u0131ndan gelen tepe ya\u011f\u0131\u015f suyu debisini tahmin edin. Drenaj alan\u0131n\u0131, tasar\u0131m ya\u011f\u0131\u015f \u015fiddetini ve ak\u0131\u015f katsay\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 girin; tepe debisini L\/s, m\u00b3\/s, ft\u00b3\/s ve daha bir\u00e7ok birimde g\u00f6r\u00fcn.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3168,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[6],"tags":[29],"class_list":["post-4047","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-muhendislik","tag-insaat-muhendisligi"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4047","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3168"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4047"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4047\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4047"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4047"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4047"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}