{"id":4073,"date":"2026-10-15T04:32:37","date_gmt":"2026-10-15T03:32:37","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/kimya\/kromatografi-teorik-plaka-hesaplama\/"},"modified":"2026-10-15T04:32:37","modified_gmt":"2026-10-15T03:32:37","slug":"kromatografi-teorik-plaka-hesaplama","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/kimya\/kromatografi-teorik-plaka-hesaplama\/","title":{"rendered":"Kromatografi teorik plaka say\u0131s\u0131 hesaplama arac\u0131"},"content":{"rendered":"<section class=\"not-prose calculator-box\" aria-labelledby=\"calculator-title\"><div class=\"flex items-baseline sm:items-center justify-between gap-2 sm:gap-3\"><div class=\"flex flex-col sm:flex-row sm:items-center gap-2\"><span class=\"icon icon-calculator text-primary-700! text-base! dark:text-primary-300!\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><h2 id=\"calculator-title\" class=\"text-lg font-display font-bold\">Tek Pikten Kolon Etkinli\u011fi<\/h2><\/div><div class=\"calcdash-favorite group\">\n  <button type=\"button\" class=\"favorite\" id=\"favorite\" data-favorite-id=\"4073\" data-favorite-title=\"Kromatografi teorik plaka say\u0131s\u0131\" data-favorite-url=\"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/kimya\/kromatografi-teorik-plaka-hesaplama\/\" data-favorite-excerpt=\"Bir kromatografik kolonun teorik plaka say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 (N), bir pikin retansiyon s\u00fcresi ve geni\u015fli\u011finden hesaplay\u0131n; yar\u0131m y\u00fckseklik (USP\/Ph. Eur.) veya taban \u00e7izgisi y\u00f6ntemini kullan\u0131n. \u0130ste\u011fe ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak kolon uzunlu\u011funu girerek plaka y\u00fcksekli\u011fini (HETP) de elde edebilirsiniz.\" aria-label=\"Favorilere ekle\" data-favorite-icon=\"icon icon-spectrum\">\n    <span class=\"icon icon-shape-star-empty\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>\n  <\/button>\n  <div class=\"calcdash-favorite__tip\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n   <span class=\"favorite-tooltip\" id=\"favorite-tooltip\"><\/span>\n  <\/div>\n  <span class=\"sr-only\" role=\"status\" id=\"favorite-status\"><\/span>\n<\/div><\/div><form action=\"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/kimya\/kromatografi-teorik-plaka-hesaplama\/\" method=\"POST\" class=\"calculator\" id=\"calculator-4073\" data-post=\"4073\"><fieldset class=\"fieldset-input is-2\"><legend class=\"sr-only\">Giri\u015f alanlar\u0131<\/legend><div class=\"field is-single\" id=\"input-1\"><label for=\"field-1\">Pik geni\u015fli\u011fi y\u00f6ntemi<\/label><div class=\"grid grid-cols-1\"><select id=\"field-1\" name=\"pik_genilii_yntemi\"><option value=\"half\" selected>Yar\u0131m y\u00fckseklikteki geni\u015flik (w\u00bd)<\/option><option value=\"base\">Taban \u00e7izgisindeki geni\u015flik (wb)<\/option><\/select><svg class=\"pointer-events-none col-start-1 row-start-1 mr-2 size-5 self-center justify-self-end text-gray-500 sm:size-4\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" fill=\"currentColor\" aria-hidden=\"true\" data-slot=\"icon\">\n              <path fill-rule=\"evenodd\" d=\"M4.22 6.22a.75.75 0 0 1 1.06 0L8 8.94l2.72-2.72a.75.75 0 1 1 1.06 1.06l-3.25 3.25a.75.75 0 0 1-1.06 0L4.22 7.28a.75.75 0 0 1 0-1.06Z\" clip-rule=\"evenodd\" \/>\n            <\/svg><\/div><\/div><div class=\"field has-term\" id=\"input-2\"><label for=\"field-2\">Al\u0131konma s\u00fcresi (tR)<\/label><div class=\"term\">tR<\/div>  <div class=\"absolute bottom-0 left-16 top-8 w-2 h-0.5 bg-blue-500\"><\/div><div class=\"field-group\"><input type=\"text\" name=\"alkonma_sresi_tr\" id=\"field-2\" aria-describedby=\"calc-info-2\" data-number inputmode=\"decimal\" autocomplete=\"off\" spellcheck=\"false\" placeholder=\"e.g. 10\" min=\"0\" value=\"10\"\/><div class=\"grid grid-cols-1\"><select id=\"field-3\" name=\"birim\" aria-label=\"Birim\"><option value=\"min\" selected>min<\/option><option value=\"s\">s<\/option><option value=\"h\">h<\/option><\/select><svg class=\"pointer-events-none col-start-1 row-start-1 mr-2 size-5 self-center justify-self-end text-gray-500 sm:size-4\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" fill=\"currentColor\" aria-hidden=\"true\" data-slot=\"icon\">\n              <path fill-rule=\"evenodd\" d=\"M4.22 6.22a.75.75 0 0 1 1.06 0L8 8.94l2.72-2.72a.75.75 0 1 1 1.06 1.06l-3.25 3.25a.75.75 0 0 1-1.06 0L4.22 7.28a.75.75 0 0 1 0-1.06Z\" clip-rule=\"evenodd\" \/>\n            <\/svg><\/div><\/div><small id=\"calc-info-2\">Enjeksiyondan pikin tepe noktas\u0131na kadar ge\u00e7en s\u00fcre.<\/small><\/div><div class=\"field has-term\" id=\"input-3\"><label for=\"field-4\">Pik geni\u015fli\u011fi (w)<\/label><div class=\"term\">w<\/div>  <div class=\"absolute bottom-0 left-16 top-8 w-2 h-0.5 bg-blue-500\"><\/div><div class=\"field-group\"><input type=\"text\" name=\"pik_genilii_w\" id=\"field-4\" aria-describedby=\"calc-info-4\" data-number inputmode=\"decimal\" autocomplete=\"off\" spellcheck=\"false\" placeholder=\"e.g. 0.5\" min=\"0\" value=\"0.5\"\/><div class=\"grid grid-cols-1\"><select id=\"field-5\" name=\"birim\" aria-label=\"Birim\"><option value=\"min\" selected>min<\/option><option value=\"s\">s<\/option><option value=\"h\">h<\/option><\/select><svg class=\"pointer-events-none col-start-1 row-start-1 mr-2 size-5 self-center justify-self-end text-gray-500 sm:size-4\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" fill=\"currentColor\" aria-hidden=\"true\" data-slot=\"icon\">\n              <path fill-rule=\"evenodd\" d=\"M4.22 6.22a.75.75 0 0 1 1.06 0L8 8.94l2.72-2.72a.75.75 0 1 1 1.06 1.06l-3.25 3.25a.75.75 0 0 1-1.06 0L4.22 7.28a.75.75 0 0 1 0-1.06Z\" clip-rule=\"evenodd\" \/>\n            <\/svg><\/div><\/div><small id=\"calc-info-4\">Yukar\u0131da se\u00e7ilen y\u00f6nteme g\u00f6re ayn\u0131 pi\u011fin yar\u0131m y\u00fckseklikteki ya da taban \u00e7izgisindeki geni\u015fli\u011fi.<\/small><\/div><div class=\"field has-term\" id=\"input-4\"><label for=\"field-6\">Kolon uzunlu\u011fu (L)<\/label><div class=\"term\">L<\/div>  <div class=\"absolute bottom-0 left-16 top-8 w-2 h-0.5 bg-blue-500\"><\/div><div class=\"field-group\"><input type=\"text\" name=\"kolon_uzunluu_l\" id=\"field-6\" aria-describedby=\"calc-info-6\" data-number inputmode=\"decimal\" autocomplete=\"off\" spellcheck=\"false\" placeholder=\"e.g. 150\" min=\"0\" value=\"150\"\/><div class=\"grid grid-cols-1\"><select id=\"field-7\" name=\"birim\" aria-label=\"Birim\"><option value=\"mm\" selected>mm<\/option><option value=\"cm\">cm<\/option><option value=\"m\">m<\/option><\/select><svg class=\"pointer-events-none col-start-1 row-start-1 mr-2 size-5 self-center justify-self-end text-gray-500 sm:size-4\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" fill=\"currentColor\" aria-hidden=\"true\" data-slot=\"icon\">\n              <path fill-rule=\"evenodd\" d=\"M4.22 6.22a.75.75 0 0 1 1.06 0L8 8.94l2.72-2.72a.75.75 0 1 1 1.06 1.06l-3.25 3.25a.75.75 0 0 1-1.06 0L4.22 7.28a.75.75 0 0 1 0-1.06Z\" clip-rule=\"evenodd\" \/>\n            <\/svg><\/div><\/div><small id=\"calc-info-6\">\u0130ste\u011fe ba\u011fl\u0131. Yaln\u0131zca tabaka y\u00fcksekli\u011fini (HETP) hesaplamak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r; hesaplamak istemiyorsan\u0131z bo\u015f b\u0131rak\u0131n.<\/small><\/div><\/fieldset><div class=\"buttons\"><button type=\"submit\" data-text=\"Yeniden hesapla\" id=\"calculate-button\" data-post=\"4073\">Hesapla<\/button><button type=\"reset\">S\u0131f\u0131rla<\/button><\/div><div class=\"field is-checkbox hidden!\" id=\"field-auto-calc\"><input type=\"checkbox\" id=\"auto-calc\"><label for=\"auto-calc\">Otomatik hesapla<\/label><small>Etkinle\u015ftirilirse, herhangi bir de\u011feri de\u011fi\u015ftirdi\u011finizde sonu\u00e7 otomatik olarak g\u00fcncellenir.<\/small><\/div><div class=\"fieldset-result is-hidden\" aria-labelledby=\"result-title\" aria-live=\"polite\" role=\"region\"> <h3 class=\"result-title bg-gradient-to-r from-primary-50 to-gray-50 dark:from-primary-900 dark:to-gray-800\" id=\"result-title\"><span class=\"icon icon-s-pulse\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span> Teorik tabaka say\u0131s\u0131 ve kolon etkinli\u011fi<\/h3><div class=\"result-box\"><div class=\"field-result\" id=\"output-1\"><span class=\"field-title\"><span>Teorik tabaka say\u0131s\u0131<\/span><span class=\"result-term\">N<\/span><\/span><span class=\"field-value\" id=\"result-1\"><\/span><button type=\"button\" class=\"copy-result\" data-tooltip=\"Sonucu kopyala\" aria-label=\"Sonucu kopyala\"><span class=\"copy-icon icon icon-document-copy\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><\/button><\/div><div class=\"field-result\" id=\"output-2\"><span class=\"field-title\"><span>Tabaka y\u00fcksekli\u011fi (HETP)<\/span><span class=\"result-term\">H<\/span><\/span><span class=\"field-value\" id=\"result-2\"><\/span><button type=\"button\" class=\"copy-result\" data-tooltip=\"Sonucu kopyala\" aria-label=\"Sonucu kopyala\"><span class=\"copy-icon icon icon-document-copy\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><\/button><\/div><div class=\"field-result is-column\" id=\"output-3\"><span class=\"field-title\"><span>Hesaplama ayr\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131<\/span><\/span><span class=\"field-value\" id=\"result-3\"><\/span><button type=\"button\" class=\"copy-result\" data-tooltip=\"Sonucu kopyala\" aria-label=\"Sonucu kopyala\"><span class=\"copy-icon icon icon-document-copy\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><\/button><\/div><div class=\"field-result is-column\" id=\"output-4\"><span class=\"field-title\"><span>Teorik tabakalar hakk\u0131nda<\/span><\/span><span class=\"field-value\" id=\"result-4\"><\/span><button type=\"button\" class=\"copy-result\" data-tooltip=\"Sonucu kopyala\" aria-label=\"Sonucu kopyala\"><span class=\"copy-icon icon icon-document-copy\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><\/button><\/div><\/div><div class=\"result-actions\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"copy-link\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 20 20\" fill=\"currentColor\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M12.232 4.232a2.5 2.5 0 0 1 3.536 3.536l-1.225 1.224a.75.75 0 0 0 1.061 1.06l1.224-1.224a4 4 0 0 0-5.656-5.656l-3 3a4 4 0 0 0 .225 5.865.75.75 0 0 0 .977-1.138 2.5 2.5 0 0 1-.142-3.667l3-3Z\"\/><path d=\"M11.603 7.963a.75.75 0 0 0-.977 1.138 2.5 2.5 0 0 1 .142 3.667l-3 3a2.5 2.5 0 0 1-3.536-3.536l1.225-1.224a.75.75 0 0 0-1.061-1.06l-1.224 1.224a4 4 0 1 0 5.656 5.656l3-3a4 4 0 0 0-.225-5.865Z\"\/><\/svg><span class=\"copy-link__text\">Bu hesaplaman\u0131n ba\u011flant\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 kopyala<\/span><\/button><span class=\"sr-only\" role=\"status\" id=\"copy-link-status\"><\/span><\/div><\/div><a href=\"#respond\" class=\"hidden transition-opacity duration-300 opacity-0 w-50 text-sm justify-center items-center gap-2 px-4 py-2 rounded bg-gray-200 text-gray-700 hover:bg-gray-300\" id=\"leave-comment\"><span class=\"icon icon-comments\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Yorum b\u0131rak<\/a><\/form><\/section><section id=\"calc-reactions\" class=\"not-prose hidden my-12 bg-gradient-to-r from-primary-50 to-gray-50 border border-indigo-100 rounded-xl px-6 py-4 shadow-sm\" data-post=\"4073\" aria-live=\"polite\" aria-labelledby=\"calc-reactions-title\"><p id=\"calc-reactions-title\" class=\"text-sm text-gray-500 text-center mb-2\">Bu sonu\u00e7 hakk\u0131nda ne d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyorsunuz?<\/p><div role=\"group\" aria-labelledby=\"calc-reactions-title\" class=\"grid grid-cols-3 sm:flex sm:flex-row sm:justify-around gap-4 sm:items-center sm:flex-wrap\"><button type=\"button\" aria-pressed=\"false\" class=\"reaction-btn flex flex-col items-center gap-1 text-sm text-gray-700 hover:text-primary-600 cursor-pointer transition-transform hover:scale-105\" data-reaction=\"like\"><span class=\"reaction-count\" data-reaction-count=\"like\">0<\/span><span class=\"reaction text-3xl\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\ud83d\ude00 <\/span><span class=\"reaction-description font-medium\">Be\u011fendim <\/span><\/button><button type=\"button\" aria-pressed=\"false\" class=\"reaction-btn flex flex-col items-center gap-1 text-sm text-gray-700 hover:text-primary-600 cursor-pointer transition-transform hover:scale-105\" data-reaction=\"helpful\"><span class=\"reaction-count\" data-reaction-count=\"helpful\">0<\/span><span class=\"reaction text-3xl\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\ud83d\udca1 <\/span><span class=\"reaction-description font-medium\">Faydal\u0131 <\/span><\/button><button type=\"button\" aria-pressed=\"false\" class=\"reaction-btn flex flex-col items-center gap-1 text-sm text-gray-700 hover:text-primary-600 cursor-pointer transition-transform hover:scale-105\" data-reaction=\"confused\"><span class=\"reaction-count\" data-reaction-count=\"confused\">0<\/span><span class=\"reaction text-3xl\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\ud83d\ude15 <\/span><span class=\"reaction-description font-medium\">Kafam kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131 <\/span><\/button><button type=\"button\" aria-pressed=\"false\" class=\"reaction-btn flex flex-col items-center gap-1 text-sm text-gray-700 hover:text-primary-600 cursor-pointer transition-transform hover:scale-105\" data-reaction=\"disappointed\"><span class=\"reaction-count\" data-reaction-count=\"disappointed\">0<\/span><span class=\"reaction text-3xl\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\ud83d\ude1e <\/span><span class=\"reaction-description font-medium\">Hayal k\u0131r\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131 <\/span><\/button><button type=\"button\" aria-pressed=\"false\" class=\"reaction-btn flex flex-col items-center gap-1 text-sm text-gray-700 hover:text-primary-600 cursor-pointer transition-transform hover:scale-105\" data-reaction=\"inaccurate\"><span class=\"reaction-count\" data-reaction-count=\"inaccurate\">0<\/span><span class=\"reaction text-3xl\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\u274c <\/span><span class=\"reaction-description font-medium\">Hatal\u0131 <\/span><\/button><\/div><div id=\"reaction-message\" class=\"hidden mt-8 rounded-md border border-primary-100 bg-white\/50 backdrop-blur-sm px-4 py-2 text-sm text-center shadow-sm\"><\/div><\/section><div class=\"calcdash-ad not-prose calcdash-ad--calc_result calcdash-ad--in-article\"><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-1721569815777345\" data-ad-slot=\"6317458308\" data-ad-layout=\"in-article\" data-ad-format=\"fluid\"><\/ins><script>(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});<\/script><\/div>\n<style id=\"wpcoderpro-inline-1\">.formula-box {\r\n\tborder-bottom: none !important;\r\n}<\/style><section class=\"formula-box\" aria-labelledby=\"formula-title\">\r\n\t<div id=\"formula-title\" class=\"not-prose font-display mb-4\"><span class=\"icon icon-formula\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><h2>Teorik plaka form\u00fcl\u00fc<\/h2><\/div>\r\n\t<figure class=\"not-prose formula\">\r\n\t\t<figcaption class=\"formula-title\">Form\u00fcl<\/figcaption>\r\n\t\t<div class=\"text-base text-gray-800\" id=\"formula\">\\[ N = 16\\left(\\frac{t_R}{w_b}\\right)^2 \\qquad \\text{veya} \\qquad N = 5.54\\left(\\frac{t_R}{w_{1\/2}}\\right)^2\nt_R\n\\]<\/div>\r\n\t<\/figure>\r\n\t<\/p>\n<p><strong>Burada:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\\(N\\) \u2014 teorik plaka say\u0131s\u0131 (boyutsuz)<\/li>\n<li>\\(t_R\\) \u2014 retansiyon s\u00fcresi, enjeksiyondan pik maksimumuna kadar<\/li>\n<li>\\(w_b\\) \u2014 taban \u00e7izgisinde pik geni\u015fli\u011fi (te\u011fet y\u00f6ntemi)<\/li>\n<li>\\(w_{1\/2}\\) \u2014 pik y\u00fcksekli\u011finin yar\u0131s\u0131nda pik geni\u015fli\u011fi (USP \/ Ph. Eur. y\u00f6ntemi)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Her iki form\u00fcl de kolon verimlili\u011fini ifade eder: plaka say\u0131s\u0131 artt\u0131k\u00e7a pik, retansiyon s\u00fcresine g\u00f6re daral\u0131r. Kolon uzunlu\u011fu \\(L\\) biliniyorsa plaka y\u00fcksekli\u011fi (HETP), \\(H = L\/N\\) olarak bulunur.<\/p>\n<p>\r\n<\/section>\n<style id=\"wpcoderpro-inline-2\">.calculation-box {\r\n\tborder-bottom: none !important;\r\n}<\/style><section id=\"calculation\" class=\"calculation-box\" aria-labelledby=\"calculation-title\">\r\n\t<div id=\"calculation-title\" class=\"not-prose font-display\"><span class=\"icon icon-unordered-list\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><h2>Teorik plaka say\u0131s\u0131 \u2013 hesaplama \u00f6rne\u011fi<\/h2><\/div>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00d6rnek:<\/strong> 150 mm'lik bir kolonda kaydedilen bir HPLC pikinin retansiyon s\u00fcresi 10,0 dk, yar\u0131m y\u00fckseklikteki geni\u015fli\u011fi ise 0,5 dk olsun.<\/p>\n<p>\\[ N = 5.54\\left(\\frac{10.0}{0.5}\\right)^2 = 5.54 \\times 20^2 = 5.54 \\times 400 = 2216 \\text{ plaka} \\]<\/p>\n<p>\\[ H = \\frac{L}{N} = \\frac{150\\ \\text{mm}}{2216} = 0.0677\\ \\text{mm} \\approx 67.7\\ \\mu\\text{m} \\]<\/p>\n<p><strong>Sonu\u00e7:<\/strong> N = 2.216 teorik plaka; plaka y\u00fcksekli\u011fi H = 0,068 mm (\u2248 68 \u00b5m).<\/p>\n<p>\n\r\n<\/section>\n<h2>Hesaplay\u0131c\u0131 nas\u0131l kullan\u0131l\u0131r<\/h2>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>Pik geni\u015fli\u011fi y\u00f6ntemini<\/strong> se\u00e7in: geni\u015fli\u011fi pik y\u00fcksekli\u011finin %50'sinde \u00f6l\u00e7t\u00fcyseniz \"Yar\u0131m y\u00fckseklikte geni\u015flik (w\u00bd)\", te\u011fet kesi\u015fim geni\u015fli\u011fini kulland\u0131ysan\u0131z \"Taban \u00e7izgisinde geni\u015flik (wb)\".<\/li>\n<li>Pikin <strong>retansiyon s\u00fcresini (tR)<\/strong> girin ve birimini se\u00e7in (dk, sn veya sa).<\/li>\n<li>Ayn\u0131 pike ait <strong>pik geni\u015fli\u011fini (w)<\/strong>, yukar\u0131da se\u00e7ti\u011finiz y\u00f6ntemle \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f olarak girin ve birimini se\u00e7in. tR ile w'nin birimlerinin e\u015fle\u015fmesi gerekmez \u2014 ikisi de b\u00f6lme i\u015fleminden \u00f6nce d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcr.<\/li>\n<li>\u0130ste\u011fe ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak <strong>kolon uzunlu\u011funu (L)<\/strong> mm, cm veya m cinsinden girerek plaka y\u00fcksekli\u011fini (HETP) de hesaplat\u0131n. Bu ad\u0131m\u0131 atlamak i\u00e7in alan\u0131 bo\u015f b\u0131rak\u0131n.<\/li>\n<li>Giri\u015f alanlar\u0131n\u0131n alt\u0131nda <strong>teorik plaka say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 (N)<\/strong>, <strong>plaka y\u00fcksekli\u011fini (H)<\/strong> ve ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 hesap ad\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcn.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2>Teorik plaka nedir?<\/h2>\n<p>Teorik plaka say\u0131s\u0131 \\(N\\), bir kromatografik kolonun <em>verimlili\u011finin<\/em> standart \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcs\u00fcd\u00fcr. Kolon, aralar\u0131nda analitin sabit faz ile hareketli faz aras\u0131nda da\u011f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 ayr\u0131 denge basamaklar\u0131ndan \u2014 \"plakalardan\" \u2014 olu\u015fan bir y\u0131\u011f\u0131n olarak modellenir. Her yeni plakaya ge\u00e7i\u015f, bant geni\u015flemesine k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck ve rastgele bir ad\u0131m ekler; bir pik ne kadar \u00e7ok plakadan ge\u00e7erse bu geni\u015fleme o kadar \u00e7ok ortalan\u0131r ve pik dedekt\u00f6rde retansiyon s\u00fcresine g\u00f6re daha keskin g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr.<\/p>\n<p>Y\u00fcksek \\(N\\), dar pikler ve iyi ay\u0131rma g\u00fcc\u00fc demektir. \u0130yi doldurulmu\u015f modern bir HPLC kolonu 150 mm uzunlukta tipik olarak 5.000\u201320.000 plaka verir; bu, yakla\u015f\u0131k 5\u201330 \u00b5m'lik plaka y\u00fcksekliklerine kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k gelir. Uzun kapiler GC kolonlar\u0131 ise 10\u2075\u201310\u2076 plakaya ula\u015fabilir. \u00dcreticiler kolon spesifikasyonunda asgari plaka say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 belirtir; bu nedenle \\(N\\), yeni bir kolon nitelendirilirken rutin olarak kontrol edilir ve kolon ya\u015fland\u0131k\u00e7a izlenir \u2014 s\u00fcrekli d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015f, bozulan dolguyu, kirlenmeyi veya hasar g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015f bir kolonu i\u015faret eder.<\/p>\n<p>Plaka y\u00fcksekli\u011fi \\(H = L\/N\\) (bir teorik plakaya e\u015fde\u011fer y\u00fckseklik anlam\u0131na gelen HETP olarak da adland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r), verimlili\u011fi kolon uzunlu\u011funa g\u00f6re normalize eder: tek bir denge basama\u011f\u0131 gibi davranan kolon uzunlu\u011fudur. \\(H\\) ne kadar k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fckse kolon o kadar verimlidir; \\(N\\) yerine \\(H\\) de\u011ferini kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmak, farkl\u0131 uzunluktaki kolonlar\u0131 adil bi\u00e7imde de\u011ferlendirmenizi sa\u011flar. \\(H\\), ak\u0131\u015f h\u0131z\u0131na ve partik\u00fcl boyutuna Van Deemter denklemiyle ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r; verimlili\u011fin en y\u00fcksek oldu\u011fu noktan\u0131n optimal h\u0131zda olmas\u0131n\u0131n nedeni budur.<\/p>\n<p>Pik geni\u015fli\u011fi tek ba\u015f\u0131na bir kolonu de\u011ferlendirmek i\u00e7in yeterli de\u011fildir: ge\u00e7 elue olan bir pik do\u011fal olarak daha geni\u015ftir. Plaka say\u0131s\u0131, geni\u015fli\u011fi bilin\u00e7li olarak retansiyon s\u00fcresiyle kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131r; b\u00f6ylece \\(N\\), pikleri ko\u015funun tamam\u0131 boyunca keskin tutan kolonlar\u0131 \u00f6d\u00fcllendirir. \u0130ki pikin ger\u00e7ekten ayr\u0131l\u0131p ayr\u0131lmayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6\u011frenmek istiyorsan\u0131z \\(N\\) de\u011ferini retansiyon ve se\u00e7icilikle birlikte <a href=\"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/kimya\/kromatografi-rezolusyon-hesaplayici\/\">Kromatografi \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcrl\u00fck hesaplama arac\u0131nda<\/a> kullan\u0131n.<\/p>\n<h2>Geni\u015flik y\u00f6nteminin se\u00e7imi<\/h2>\n<p><strong>Yar\u0131m y\u00fckseklik geni\u015fli\u011fi<\/strong> \\(w_{1\/2}\\), ABD ve Avrupa Farmakopelerinin (USP, Ph. Eur.) y\u00f6ntemidir ve \u00e7o\u011fu veri sisteminin ve kolon sertifikas\u0131n\u0131n raporlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 de\u011ferdir. Pik y\u00fcksekli\u011finin %50'sinde, taban \u00e7izgisinden uzakta \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fcr; bu da onu taban \u00e7izgisi g\u00fcr\u00fclt\u00fcs\u00fcne, s\u00fcr\u00fcklenmeye ve hafif kuyruklanmaya kar\u015f\u0131 dayan\u0131kl\u0131 k\u0131lar. <strong>Taban \u00e7izgisi geni\u015fli\u011fi<\/strong> \\(w_b\\) ise, pikin d\u00f6n\u00fcm noktalar\u0131ndan \u00e7izilen te\u011fetlerin taban \u00e7izgisini kesti\u011fi noktalar aras\u0131ndaki mesafedir; klasik ders kitab\u0131 tan\u0131m\u0131d\u0131r. M\u00fckemmel bir Gauss piki i\u00e7in ikisi ayn\u0131 sonucu verir, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc \\(w_b = 4\\sigma\\) ve \\(w_{1\/2} = 2.355\\sigma\\) olur; dolay\u0131s\u0131yla \\(w_b \\approx 1.70\\,w_{1\/2}\\) \u2014 hesaplay\u0131c\u0131, sonucunuzu literat\u00fcr de\u011ferleriyle kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rabilmeniz i\u00e7in di\u011fer g\u00f6sterime e\u015fde\u011fer plaka say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 da g\u00f6sterir.<\/p>\n<p>Hangi y\u00f6ntemi kullan\u0131rsan\u0131z kullan\u0131n, \\(w\\) ve \\(t_R\\) de\u011ferlerini <em>ayn\u0131<\/em> pik \u00fczerinden \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcn ve y\u00f6ntemi her zaman \\(N\\) ile birlikte raporlay\u0131n; \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc kuyruklu veya \u00f6nkuyruklu pikler (asimetri fakt\u00f6r\u00fc yakla\u015f\u0131k 1,5'in \u00fczerinde) iki g\u00f6sterimle belirgin bi\u00e7imde farkl\u0131 plaka say\u0131lar\u0131 verir.<\/p>\n<h2>Varsay\u0131mlar, s\u0131n\u0131rlamalar ve ipu\u00e7lar\u0131<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Gauss piki:<\/strong> her iki form\u00fcl de yakla\u015f\u0131k simetrik, Gauss \u015feklinde bir pik varsayar. Belirgin kuyruklanma (silika kolonlarda temel \u00f6zellikli analitlerde s\u0131k g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr) \\(w_b\\) de\u011ferini \\(w_{1\/2}\\)'den daha \u00e7ok \u015fi\u015firir; bu y\u00fczden kusurlu pikler i\u00e7in yar\u0131m y\u00fckseklik y\u00f6ntemi daha g\u00fcvenli bir se\u00e7imdir.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Kolon d\u0131\u015f\u0131 geni\u015flemenin ihmal edilebilir oldu\u011fu:<\/strong> hesaplama t\u00fcm geni\u015flemeyi kolona atfeder. A\u015f\u0131r\u0131 t\u00fcp hacmi, k\u00f6t\u00fc kesilmi\u015f bir ferrul, b\u00fcy\u00fck bir dedekt\u00f6r h\u00fccresi veya yava\u015f veri \u00f6rnekleme h\u0131z\u0131 piki geni\u015fletir ve \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclen \\(N\\) de\u011ferini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fcr.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0130yi tutulmu\u015f bir pik kullan\u0131n:<\/strong> plaka say\u0131lar\u0131 normalde orta d\u00fczeyde tutulmu\u015f bir i\u015faret piki i\u00e7in raporlan\u0131r; \\(N\\) de\u011feri \\(t_R\\) ile artar, bu nedenle benzer retansiyonda \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclen de\u011ferleri kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131n.<\/li>\n<li><strong>D\u00fc\u015f\u00fck de\u011ferlerin tan\u0131s\u0131:<\/strong> \\(N\\), kolon spesifikasyonunun \u00e7ok alt\u0131ndaysa kolon giri\u015finde bo\u015fluk, koruma kolonunda kirlenme, hatal\u0131 ak\u0131\u015f h\u0131z\u0131 veya s\u0131cakl\u0131k olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, ya da kolonun sadece ya\u015flan\u0131p ya\u015flanmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kontrol edin. Koruyucunun de\u011fi\u015ftirilmesi veya kolonun y\u0131kanmas\u0131, kaybedilen verimlili\u011fin b\u00fcy\u00fck k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7o\u011fu zaman geri kazand\u0131r\u0131r.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Tutarl\u0131 birimler:<\/strong> hesaplay\u0131c\u0131 b\u00f6lmeden \u00f6nce her iki s\u00fcreyi de ayn\u0131 birime d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fcr; b\u00f6ylece \\(t_R\/w\\) oran\u0131 \u2014 ve dolay\u0131s\u0131yla \\(N\\) \u2014 boyutsuzdur ve dakikam\u0131 saniye mi ile \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131za ba\u011fl\u0131 de\u011fildir.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>\u0130lgili kavramlar<\/h2>\n<p>Retansiyonun kendisi, analitin iki faz aras\u0131ndaki da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m\u0131yla belirlenir; bu da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m\u0131 <a href=\"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/kimya\/bolusme-katsayisi-hesaplama\/\">Da\u011f\u0131lma katsay\u0131s\u0131 hesaplama arac\u0131yla<\/a> nicelle\u015ftirebilirsiniz. \\(N\\) de\u011ferini, retansiyon fakt\u00f6rlerini ve iki biti\u015fik pikin se\u00e7icili\u011fini \u00f6\u011frendikten sonra, ikilinin taban \u00e7izgisine kadar ayr\u0131l\u0131p ayr\u0131lmayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6ng\u00f6rmek i\u00e7in <a href=\"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/kimya\/kromatografi-rezolusyon-hesaplayici\/\">Kromatografi \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcrl\u00fck hesaplama arac\u0131n\u0131<\/a> kullan\u0131n.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Bir kromatografik kolonun teorik plaka say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 (N), bir pikin retansiyon s\u00fcresi ve geni\u015fli\u011finden hesaplay\u0131n; yar\u0131m y\u00fckseklik (USP\/Ph. Eur.) veya taban \u00e7izgisi y\u00f6ntemini kullan\u0131n. \u0130ste\u011fe ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak kolon uzunlu\u011funu girerek plaka y\u00fcksekli\u011fini (HETP) de elde edebilirsiniz.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3168,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[68],"class_list":["post-4073","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-kimya","tag-spektrofotometri"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4073","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3168"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4073"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4073\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4073"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4073"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4073"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}