{"id":4075,"date":"2026-10-15T04:37:57","date_gmt":"2026-10-15T03:37:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/muhendislik\/basma-yayi-katsayisi\/"},"modified":"2026-10-15T04:37:57","modified_gmt":"2026-10-15T03:37:57","slug":"basma-yayi-katsayisi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/muhendislik\/basma-yayi-katsayisi\/","title":{"rendered":"Basma yay\u0131 katsay\u0131s\u0131"},"content":{"rendered":"<section class=\"not-prose calculator-box\" aria-labelledby=\"calculator-title\"><div class=\"flex items-baseline sm:items-center justify-between gap-2 sm:gap-3\"><div class=\"flex flex-col sm:flex-row sm:items-center gap-2\"><span class=\"icon icon-calculator text-primary-700! text-base! dark:text-primary-300!\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><h2 id=\"calculator-title\" class=\"text-lg font-display font-bold\">Helisel s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma yay\u0131n\u0131n sertli\u011fini bulun<\/h2><\/div><div class=\"calcdash-favorite group\">\n  <button type=\"button\" class=\"favorite\" id=\"favorite\" data-favorite-id=\"4075\" data-favorite-title=\"Basma yay\u0131 katsay\u0131s\u0131\" data-favorite-url=\"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/muhendislik\/basma-yayi-katsayisi\/\" data-favorite-excerpt=\"Basma yay\u0131n\u0131n katsay\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 (sertli\u011fini) tel \u00e7ap\u0131, ortalama sar\u0131m \u00e7ap\u0131, etkin sar\u0131m say\u0131s\u0131 ve kayma mod\u00fcl\u00fcnden hesaplay\u0131n. \u0130sterseniz bir y\u00fck girerek \u00e7\u00f6kmeyi ve teldeki kayma gerilmesini de \u00f6\u011frenebilirsiniz.\" aria-label=\"Favorilere ekle\" data-favorite-icon=\"icon icon-engineering\">\n    <span class=\"icon icon-shape-star-empty\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>\n  <\/button>\n  <div class=\"calcdash-favorite__tip\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n   <span class=\"favorite-tooltip\" id=\"favorite-tooltip\"><\/span>\n  <\/div>\n  <span class=\"sr-only\" role=\"status\" id=\"favorite-status\"><\/span>\n<\/div><\/div><form action=\"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/muhendislik\/basma-yayi-katsayisi\/\" method=\"POST\" class=\"calculator\" id=\"calculator-4075\" data-post=\"4075\"><fieldset class=\"fieldset-input is-1\"><legend class=\"sr-only\">Giri\u015f alanlar\u0131<\/legend><div class=\"field has-term\" id=\"input-1\"><label for=\"field-1\">Tel \u00e7ap\u0131 (d)<\/label><div class=\"term\">d<\/div>  <div class=\"absolute bottom-0 left-16 top-8 w-2 h-0.5 bg-blue-500\"><\/div><div class=\"field-group\"><input type=\"text\" name=\"tel_ap_d\" id=\"field-1\" aria-describedby=\"calc-info-1\" data-number inputmode=\"decimal\" autocomplete=\"off\" spellcheck=\"false\" placeholder=\"e.g. 3\" min=\"0\" value=\"3\"\/><div class=\"grid grid-cols-1\"><select id=\"field-2\" name=\"birim\" aria-label=\"Birim\"><option value=\"mm\" selected>mm<\/option><option value=\"in\">in<\/option><\/select><svg class=\"pointer-events-none col-start-1 row-start-1 mr-2 size-5 self-center justify-self-end text-gray-500 sm:size-4\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" fill=\"currentColor\" aria-hidden=\"true\" data-slot=\"icon\">\n              <path fill-rule=\"evenodd\" d=\"M4.22 6.22a.75.75 0 0 1 1.06 0L8 8.94l2.72-2.72a.75.75 0 1 1 1.06 1.06l-3.25 3.25a.75.75 0 0 1-1.06 0L4.22 7.28a.75.75 0 0 1 0-1.06Z\" clip-rule=\"evenodd\" \/>\n            <\/svg><\/div><\/div><small id=\"calc-info-1\">Yay\u0131n sar\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 yuvarlak telin \u00e7ap\u0131.<\/small><\/div><div class=\"field has-term\" id=\"input-2\"><label for=\"field-3\">Ortalama sar\u0131m \u00e7ap\u0131 (D)<\/label><div class=\"term\">D<\/div>  <div class=\"absolute bottom-0 left-16 top-8 w-2 h-0.5 bg-blue-500\"><\/div><div class=\"field-group\"><input type=\"text\" name=\"ortalama_sarm_ap_d\" id=\"field-3\" aria-describedby=\"calc-info-3\" data-number inputmode=\"decimal\" autocomplete=\"off\" spellcheck=\"false\" placeholder=\"e.g. 25\" min=\"0\" value=\"25\"\/><div class=\"grid grid-cols-1\"><select id=\"field-4\" name=\"birim\" aria-label=\"Birim\"><option value=\"mm\" selected>mm<\/option><option value=\"in\">in<\/option><\/select><svg class=\"pointer-events-none col-start-1 row-start-1 mr-2 size-5 self-center justify-self-end text-gray-500 sm:size-4\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" fill=\"currentColor\" aria-hidden=\"true\" data-slot=\"icon\">\n              <path fill-rule=\"evenodd\" d=\"M4.22 6.22a.75.75 0 0 1 1.06 0L8 8.94l2.72-2.72a.75.75 0 1 1 1.06 1.06l-3.25 3.25a.75.75 0 0 1-1.06 0L4.22 7.28a.75.75 0 0 1 0-1.06Z\" clip-rule=\"evenodd\" \/>\n            <\/svg><\/div><\/div><small id=\"calc-info-3\">Telin merkezine kadar \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclen ortalama sar\u0131m \u00e7ap\u0131 (d\u0131\u015f \u00e7ap eksi bir tel \u00e7ap\u0131).<\/small><\/div><div class=\"field has-term\" id=\"input-3\"><label for=\"field-5\">Etkin sar\u0131m say\u0131s\u0131 (Na)<\/label><div class=\"term\">Na<\/div>  <div class=\"absolute bottom-0 left-16 top-8 w-2 h-0.5 bg-blue-500\"><\/div><input type=\"text\" name=\"etkin_sarm_says_na\" id=\"field-5\" aria-describedby=\"calc-info-5\" data-number inputmode=\"decimal\" autocomplete=\"off\" spellcheck=\"false\" placeholder=\"e.g. 10\" min=\"0\" value=\"10\"\/><small id=\"calc-info-5\">Ger\u00e7ekte \u00e7\u00f6ken sar\u0131mlar. Kapal\u0131 ve ta\u015flanm\u0131\u015f u\u00e7lar i\u00e7in: toplam sar\u0131m \u2212 2; kapal\u0131 ve ta\u015flanmam\u0131\u015f u\u00e7lar i\u00e7in: toplam sar\u0131m \u2212 3; d\u00fcz u\u00e7lar i\u00e7in: t\u00fcm sar\u0131mlar.<\/small><\/div><div class=\"field has-term\" id=\"input-4\"><label for=\"field-6\">Kayma mod\u00fcl\u00fc (G)<\/label><div class=\"term\">G<\/div>  <div class=\"absolute bottom-0 left-16 top-8 w-2 h-0.5 bg-blue-500\"><\/div><div class=\"field-group\"><input type=\"text\" name=\"kayma_modl_g\" id=\"field-6\" aria-describedby=\"calc-info-6\" data-number inputmode=\"decimal\" autocomplete=\"off\" spellcheck=\"false\" placeholder=\"e.g. 79.3\" min=\"0\" value=\"79.3\"\/><div class=\"grid grid-cols-1\"><select id=\"field-7\" name=\"birim\" aria-label=\"Birim\"><option value=\"gpa\" selected>GPa<\/option><option value=\"mpsi\">Mpsi (10\u2076 psi)<\/option><option value=\"psi\">psi<\/option><\/select><svg class=\"pointer-events-none col-start-1 row-start-1 mr-2 size-5 self-center justify-self-end text-gray-500 sm:size-4\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" fill=\"currentColor\" aria-hidden=\"true\" data-slot=\"icon\">\n              <path fill-rule=\"evenodd\" d=\"M4.22 6.22a.75.75 0 0 1 1.06 0L8 8.94l2.72-2.72a.75.75 0 1 1 1.06 1.06l-3.25 3.25a.75.75 0 0 1-1.06 0L4.22 7.28a.75.75 0 0 1 0-1.06Z\" clip-rule=\"evenodd\" \/>\n            <\/svg><\/div><\/div><small id=\"calc-info-6\">Tipik de\u011ferler: m\u00fczik teli (ASTM A228) \u2248 79,3 GPa (11,5 Mpsi), sert \u00e7ekilmi\u015f tel (A227) \u2248 77,2 GPa (11,2 Mpsi), paslanmaz 302\/304 \u2248 69 GPa (10 Mpsi), krom-silisyum (A401) \u2248 77,2 GPa (11,2 Mpsi), fosfor bronz \u2248 41,2 GPa (6 Mpsi).<\/small><\/div><div class=\"field has-term\" id=\"input-5\"><label for=\"field-8\">Uygulanan eksenel y\u00fck (F) \u2014 iste\u011fe ba\u011fl\u0131<\/label><div class=\"term\">F<\/div>  <div class=\"absolute bottom-0 left-16 top-8 w-2 h-0.5 bg-blue-500\"><\/div><div class=\"field-group\"><input type=\"text\" name=\"uygulanan_eksenel_yk_f_istee_bal\" id=\"field-8\" aria-describedby=\"calc-info-8\" data-number inputmode=\"decimal\" autocomplete=\"off\" spellcheck=\"false\" placeholder=\"\u00f6rn. 250 (atlamak i\u00e7in bo\u015f b\u0131rak\u0131n)\" min=\"0\" value=\"250\"\/><div class=\"grid grid-cols-1\"><select id=\"field-9\" name=\"birim\" aria-label=\"Birim\"><option value=\"n\" selected>N<\/option><option value=\"lbf\">lbf<\/option><option value=\"kgf\">kgf<\/option><\/select><svg class=\"pointer-events-none col-start-1 row-start-1 mr-2 size-5 self-center justify-self-end text-gray-500 sm:size-4\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" fill=\"currentColor\" aria-hidden=\"true\" data-slot=\"icon\">\n              <path fill-rule=\"evenodd\" d=\"M4.22 6.22a.75.75 0 0 1 1.06 0L8 8.94l2.72-2.72a.75.75 0 1 1 1.06 1.06l-3.25 3.25a.75.75 0 0 1-1.06 0L4.22 7.28a.75.75 0 0 1 0-1.06Z\" clip-rule=\"evenodd\" \/>\n            <\/svg><\/div><\/div><small id=\"calc-info-8\">Bir y\u00fck girerseniz hesaplay\u0131c\u0131 ayr\u0131ca \u00e7\u00f6kmeyi ve teldeki kayma gerilmesini de hesaplar.<\/small><\/div><\/fieldset><div class=\"buttons\"><button type=\"submit\" data-text=\"Yeniden hesapla\" id=\"calculate-button\" data-post=\"4075\">Hesapla<\/button><button type=\"reset\">S\u0131f\u0131rla<\/button><\/div><div class=\"field is-checkbox hidden!\" id=\"field-auto-calc\"><input type=\"checkbox\" id=\"auto-calc\"><label for=\"auto-calc\">Otomatik hesapla<\/label><small>Etkinle\u015ftirilirse, herhangi bir de\u011feri de\u011fi\u015ftirdi\u011finizde sonu\u00e7 otomatik olarak g\u00fcncellenir.<\/small><\/div><div class=\"fieldset-result is-hidden\" aria-labelledby=\"result-title\" aria-live=\"polite\" role=\"region\"> <h3 class=\"result-title bg-gradient-to-r from-primary-50 to-gray-50 dark:from-primary-900 dark:to-gray-800\" id=\"result-title\"><span class=\"icon icon-s-pulse\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span> Yay katsay\u0131s\u0131 sonu\u00e7lar\u0131<\/h3><div class=\"result-box\"><div class=\"field-result is-column\" id=\"output-1\"><span class=\"field-title\"><span>Yay katsay\u0131s\u0131 (k)<\/span><span class=\"result-term\">k<\/span><\/span><span class=\"field-value\" id=\"result-1\"><\/span><button type=\"button\" class=\"copy-result\" data-tooltip=\"Sonucu kopyala\" aria-label=\"Sonucu kopyala\"><span class=\"copy-icon icon icon-document-copy\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><\/button><\/div><div class=\"field-result is-column\" id=\"output-2\"><span class=\"field-title\"><span>Uygulanan y\u00fck alt\u0131nda \u00e7\u00f6kme ve tel gerilmesi<\/span><\/span><span class=\"field-value\" id=\"result-2\"><\/span><button type=\"button\" class=\"copy-result\" data-tooltip=\"Sonucu kopyala\" aria-label=\"Sonucu kopyala\"><span class=\"copy-icon icon icon-document-copy\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><\/button><\/div><\/div><div class=\"result-actions\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"copy-link\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 20 20\" fill=\"currentColor\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M12.232 4.232a2.5 2.5 0 0 1 3.536 3.536l-1.225 1.224a.75.75 0 0 0 1.061 1.06l1.224-1.224a4 4 0 0 0-5.656-5.656l-3 3a4 4 0 0 0 .225 5.865.75.75 0 0 0 .977-1.138 2.5 2.5 0 0 1-.142-3.667l3-3Z\"\/><path d=\"M11.603 7.963a.75.75 0 0 0-.977 1.138 2.5 2.5 0 0 1 .142 3.667l-3 3a2.5 2.5 0 0 1-3.536-3.536l1.225-1.224a.75.75 0 0 0-1.061-1.06l-1.224 1.224a4 4 0 1 0 5.656 5.656l3-3a4 4 0 0 0-.225-5.865Z\"\/><\/svg><span class=\"copy-link__text\">Bu hesaplaman\u0131n ba\u011flant\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 kopyala<\/span><\/button><span class=\"sr-only\" role=\"status\" id=\"copy-link-status\"><\/span><\/div><\/div><a href=\"#respond\" class=\"hidden transition-opacity duration-300 opacity-0 w-50 text-sm justify-center items-center gap-2 px-4 py-2 rounded bg-gray-200 text-gray-700 hover:bg-gray-300\" id=\"leave-comment\"><span class=\"icon icon-comments\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Yorum b\u0131rak<\/a><\/form><\/section><section id=\"calc-reactions\" class=\"not-prose hidden my-12 bg-gradient-to-r from-primary-50 to-gray-50 border border-indigo-100 rounded-xl px-6 py-4 shadow-sm\" data-post=\"4075\" aria-live=\"polite\" aria-labelledby=\"calc-reactions-title\"><p id=\"calc-reactions-title\" class=\"text-sm text-gray-500 text-center mb-2\">Bu sonu\u00e7 hakk\u0131nda ne d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyorsunuz?<\/p><div role=\"group\" aria-labelledby=\"calc-reactions-title\" class=\"grid grid-cols-3 sm:flex sm:flex-row sm:justify-around gap-4 sm:items-center sm:flex-wrap\"><button type=\"button\" aria-pressed=\"false\" class=\"reaction-btn flex flex-col items-center gap-1 text-sm text-gray-700 hover:text-primary-600 cursor-pointer transition-transform hover:scale-105\" data-reaction=\"like\"><span class=\"reaction-count\" data-reaction-count=\"like\">0<\/span><span class=\"reaction text-3xl\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\ud83d\ude00 <\/span><span class=\"reaction-description font-medium\">Be\u011fendim <\/span><\/button><button type=\"button\" aria-pressed=\"false\" class=\"reaction-btn flex flex-col items-center gap-1 text-sm text-gray-700 hover:text-primary-600 cursor-pointer transition-transform hover:scale-105\" data-reaction=\"helpful\"><span class=\"reaction-count\" data-reaction-count=\"helpful\">0<\/span><span class=\"reaction text-3xl\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\ud83d\udca1 <\/span><span class=\"reaction-description font-medium\">Faydal\u0131 <\/span><\/button><button type=\"button\" aria-pressed=\"false\" class=\"reaction-btn flex flex-col items-center gap-1 text-sm text-gray-700 hover:text-primary-600 cursor-pointer transition-transform hover:scale-105\" data-reaction=\"confused\"><span class=\"reaction-count\" data-reaction-count=\"confused\">0<\/span><span class=\"reaction text-3xl\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\ud83d\ude15 <\/span><span class=\"reaction-description font-medium\">Kafam kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131 <\/span><\/button><button type=\"button\" aria-pressed=\"false\" class=\"reaction-btn flex flex-col items-center gap-1 text-sm text-gray-700 hover:text-primary-600 cursor-pointer transition-transform hover:scale-105\" data-reaction=\"disappointed\"><span class=\"reaction-count\" data-reaction-count=\"disappointed\">0<\/span><span class=\"reaction text-3xl\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\ud83d\ude1e <\/span><span class=\"reaction-description font-medium\">Hayal k\u0131r\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131 <\/span><\/button><button type=\"button\" aria-pressed=\"false\" class=\"reaction-btn flex flex-col items-center gap-1 text-sm text-gray-700 hover:text-primary-600 cursor-pointer transition-transform hover:scale-105\" data-reaction=\"inaccurate\"><span class=\"reaction-count\" data-reaction-count=\"inaccurate\">0<\/span><span class=\"reaction text-3xl\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\u274c <\/span><span class=\"reaction-description font-medium\">Hatal\u0131 <\/span><\/button><\/div><div id=\"reaction-message\" class=\"hidden mt-8 rounded-md border border-primary-100 bg-white\/50 backdrop-blur-sm px-4 py-2 text-sm text-center shadow-sm\"><\/div><\/section><div class=\"calcdash-ad not-prose calcdash-ad--calc_result calcdash-ad--in-article\"><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-1721569815777345\" data-ad-slot=\"6317458308\" data-ad-layout=\"in-article\" data-ad-format=\"fluid\"><\/ins><script>(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});<\/script><\/div>\n<style id=\"wpcoderpro-inline-1\">.formula-box {\r\n\tborder-bottom: none !important;\r\n}<\/style><section class=\"formula-box\" aria-labelledby=\"formula-title\">\r\n\t<div id=\"formula-title\" class=\"not-prose font-display mb-4\"><span class=\"icon icon-formula\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><h2>Basma yay\u0131 katsay\u0131s\u0131 form\u00fcl\u00fc<\/h2><\/div>\r\n\t<figure class=\"not-prose formula\">\r\n\t\t<figcaption class=\"formula-title\">Form\u00fcl<\/figcaption>\r\n\t\t<div class=\"text-base text-gray-800\" id=\"formula\">\n\\[ k = \\frac{G\\, d^{4}}{8\\, N_a\\, D^{3}} \\]\n<\/div>\r\n\t<\/figure>\r\n\t<\/p>\n<p><strong>Burada:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\\(k\\) \u2014 yay katsay\u0131s\u0131, yani sertlik (N\/mm)<\/li>\n<li>\\(G\\) \u2014 tel malzemesinin kayma mod\u00fcl\u00fc (N\/mm\u00b2, ba\u015fka bir deyi\u015fle MPa)<\/li>\n<li>\\(d\\) \u2014 tel \u00e7ap\u0131 (mm)<\/li>\n<li>\\(N_a\\) \u2014 etkin sar\u0131m say\u0131s\u0131<\/li>\n<li>\\(D\\) \u2014 ortalama sar\u0131m \u00e7ap\u0131 (mm)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Bu form\u00fcl, y\u00fck\u00fcn a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131kl\u0131 olarak telin burulmas\u0131yla ta\u015f\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131, yuvarlak telli ve s\u0131k\u0131 sar\u0131ml\u0131 helisel (silindirik) yaylar i\u00e7in ge\u00e7erlidir. Sertli\u011fin tel \u00e7ap\u0131yla \u00e7ok h\u0131zl\u0131 artt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 (d\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc kuvvetle), sar\u0131m \u00e7ap\u0131n\u0131n k\u00fcp\u00fc ve etkin sar\u0131m say\u0131s\u0131yla ise azald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6sterir.<\/p>\n<p>\r\n<\/section>\n<style id=\"wpcoderpro-inline-2\">.calculation-box {\r\n\tborder-bottom: none !important;\r\n}<\/style><section id=\"calculation\" class=\"calculation-box\" aria-labelledby=\"calculation-title\">\r\n\t<div id=\"calculation-title\" class=\"not-prose font-display\"><span class=\"icon icon-unordered-list\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><h2>Basma yay\u0131 katsay\u0131s\u0131 \u2013 hesaplama \u00f6rne\u011fi<\/h2><\/div>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00d6rnek:<\/strong> tel \u00e7ap\u0131 3 mm, ortalama sar\u0131m \u00e7ap\u0131 25 mm, 10 etkin sar\u0131m\u0131 olan ve kayma mod\u00fcl\u00fc 79,3 GPa (79 300 N\/mm\u00b2) olan, \u00fczerine 250 N y\u00fck uygulanm\u0131\u015f piyano teli yay\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>\\[ k = \\frac{79\\,300 \\times 3^{4}}{8 \\times 10 \\times 25^{3}} = \\frac{79\\,300 \\times 81}{1\\,250\\,000} \\approx 5.139 \\ \\text{N\/mm} \\]<br \/>\n\\[ f = \\frac{F}{k} = \\frac{250}{5.139} \\approx 48.65 \\ \\text{mm} \\]<br \/>\n\\[ \\tau = K_w \\, \\frac{8 F D}{\\pi d^{3}} = 1.176 \\times \\frac{8 \\times 250 \\times 25}{\\pi \\times 27} \\approx 693 \\ \\text{MPa} \\]<\/p>\n<p><strong>Sonu\u00e7:<\/strong> yay katsay\u0131s\u0131 k \u2248 5,139 N\/mm'dir (29,34 lbf\/in). 250 N'luk y\u00fck alt\u0131nda yay yakla\u015f\u0131k 48,65 mm \u00e7\u00f6ker; teldeki kayma gerilmesi ise kabaca 693 MPa (\u2248 100 ksi) olur.<\/p>\n<p>\n\r\n<\/section>\n<h2>Hesaplay\u0131c\u0131 nas\u0131l kullan\u0131l\u0131r?<\/h2>\n<ol>\n<li>Yuvarlak telin <strong>tel \u00e7ap\u0131n\u0131 (d)<\/strong> girin ve mm ya da in birimini se\u00e7in.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Ortalama sar\u0131m \u00e7ap\u0131n\u0131 (D)<\/strong> girin; bu de\u011fer telin merkezine kadar \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fcr (d\u0131\u015f \u00e7aptan bir tel \u00e7ap\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131l\u0131r) ve birimini se\u00e7in.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Etkin sar\u0131m say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 (Na)<\/strong> girin. Kapal\u0131 ve ta\u015flanm\u0131\u015f u\u00e7larda toplam sar\u0131m say\u0131s\u0131ndan 2, kapal\u0131 ama ta\u015flanmam\u0131\u015f u\u00e7larda 3 \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131n; d\u00fcz u\u00e7larda ise t\u00fcm sar\u0131mlar\u0131 say\u0131n.<\/li>\n<li>Tel malzemesinin <strong>kayma mod\u00fcl\u00fcn\u00fc (G)<\/strong> girin ve birimini (GPa, Mpsi veya psi) se\u00e7in. Yayg\u0131n yay tellerinin tipik de\u011ferleri alan\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131nda listelenmi\u015ftir.<\/li>\n<li>\u0130ste\u011fe ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak <strong>eksenel y\u00fck\u00fc (F)<\/strong> N, lbf veya kgf cinsinden girin. Hesaplay\u0131c\u0131 bu durumda ayr\u0131ca \u00e7\u00f6kmeyi (Hooke yasas\u0131ndan \\(f = F\/k\\)) ve Wahl e\u011frilik d\u00fczeltme katsay\u0131s\u0131 dahil teldeki kayma gerilmesini de hesaplar.<\/li>\n<li>Yay katsay\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 N\/mm, lbf\/in ve N\/m cinsinden, yay endeksi veya gerilme d\u00fczeyine ili\u015fkin olas\u0131 uyar\u0131larla birlikte sonu\u00e7 tablosundan okuyun.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2>Yay katsay\u0131s\u0131 nedir?<\/h2>\n<p>Yay katsay\u0131s\u0131, yay sabitesi ya da sertlik ad\u0131yla da bilinir; bir yay\u0131 bir uzunluk birimi kadar s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmak (ya da uzatmak) i\u00e7in gerekli kuvvettir. Katsay\u0131s\u0131 5 N\/mm olan bir yay, elastik b\u00f6lgesinde kald\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00fcrece her milimetre s\u0131k\u0131\u015fma i\u00e7in 5 newton kuvvet ister: 10 N onu 2 mm, 20 N ise 4 mm \u00e7\u00f6kerterek s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131r. Yay katsay\u0131s\u0131, bir basma yay\u0131n\u0131 tan\u0131mlayan en \u00f6nemli tek say\u0131d\u0131r; \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc yay\u0131n bir mekanizmada nas\u0131l davranaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 \u2014 verilen bir yer de\u011fi\u015ftirmede ne kadar kuvvet uygulayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve verilen bir y\u00fck alt\u0131nda ne kadar \u00e7\u00f6kece\u011fini \u2014 belirler.<\/p>\n<p>Basma yay\u0131 d\u0131\u015ftan bak\u0131nca eziliyormu\u015f gibi g\u00f6r\u00fcnse de, tel neredeyse tamamen burulmaya y\u00fckl\u00fcd\u00fcr. Y\u00fck uyguland\u0131k\u00e7a telin her kesiti hafif\u00e7e d\u00f6ner ve enerjiyi depolayan da bu burulmad\u0131r. Form\u00fcl\u00fcn Young mod\u00fcl\u00fc yerine kayma mod\u00fcl\u00fc \\(G\\) kullanmas\u0131n\u0131n ve bir burulma form\u00fcl\u00fcyle ayn\u0131 \\(d^4 \/ D^3\\) karakterini ta\u015f\u0131mas\u0131n\u0131n nedeni budur \u2014 ayn\u0131 fizi\u011fi daha ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 i\u015fleyen <a href=\"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/muhendislik\/mil-burulmasi\/\">mil burulmas\u0131<\/a> hesaplay\u0131c\u0131m\u0131za da g\u00f6z atabilirsiniz.<\/p>\n<p>\u00d6l\u00e7\u00fclere olan bu g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131k pratikte \u00f6nemlidir. Tel \u00e7ap\u0131n\u0131 iki kat\u0131na \u00e7\u0131karmak yay\u0131 16 kat sertle\u015ftirir; sar\u0131m \u00e7ap\u0131n\u0131 iki kat\u0131na \u00e7\u0131karmak 8 kat, sar\u0131m say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 iki kat\u0131na \u00e7\u0131karmak ise 2 kat yumu\u015fat\u0131r. Yay \u00fcreticilerinin tel ve sar\u0131m \u00e7aplar\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7ok s\u0131k\u0131 toleranslarla belirtmesinin nedeni de budur: k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fc hatalar\u0131, fark edilir katsay\u0131 de\u011fi\u015fimlerine yol a\u00e7ar. Bir yay\u0131n bir bile\u015fen olarak yeterince g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kontrol ediyorsan\u0131z, tel gerilmesi sonucu da kiri\u015f tasar\u0131m\u0131nda <a href=\"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/muhendislik\/direnme-momenti\/\">kesit mod\u00fcl\u00fc<\/a>n\u00fc do\u011frulamaya benzer bi\u00e7imde h\u0131zl\u0131 bir \u00f6n kontrol i\u015flevi g\u00f6r\u00fcr.<\/p>\n<h2>Sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n yorumlanmas\u0131<\/h2>\n<p>Ana sonu\u00e7 olan \\(k\\), N\/mm ve lbf\/in cinsinden verilir. Bir y\u00fck girdiyseniz \\(f = F\/k\\) \u00e7\u00f6kmesi, yay\u0131n o y\u00fck alt\u0131nda ne kadar k\u0131salaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yler; kayma gerilmesi ise telin malzeme s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 i\u00e7inde rahat \u00e7al\u0131\u015fup \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6sterir. Yayg\u0131n yay \u00e7elikleri i\u00e7in, statik y\u00fcklerde d\u00fczeltilmi\u015f kayma gerilmesini telin \u00e7ekme dayan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n kabaca %45\u201350'sinin de alt\u0131nda tutun; \u00e7evrimsel \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmada daha da d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck olsun. Hesaplay\u0131c\u0131, yakla\u015f\u0131k 1000 MPa'a yakla\u015fan sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 \u2014 yayg\u0131n yay telleri i\u00e7in tipik bir e\u015fik \u2014 i\u015faretler.<\/p>\n<p>Hesaplay\u0131c\u0131 ayr\u0131ca yay endeksini \\(C = D\/d\\) verir. Kabaca 4 ile 12 aras\u0131ndaki de\u011ferler \u00fcretilebilir ve sorunsuz kabul edilir: 4'\u00fcn alt\u0131nda sar\u0131m gerilmeleri \u00e7ok y\u00fcksek olur ve yay\u0131 sarmak zordur; 15'in \u00fczerinde ise sar\u0131m gev\u015fektir ve yay burkulabilir, birbirine dolabilir ya da tutars\u0131z davranabilir. Yukar\u0131daki \u00f6rnek yayda \\(C = 25\/3 \\approx 8.3\\) olup tam iyi aral\u0131ktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n<h2>Varsay\u0131mlar ve pratik \u00f6neriler<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>S\u0131k\u0131 sar\u0131ml\u0131 yuvarlak tel:<\/strong> form\u00fcl, eksenel olarak y\u00fcklelenen, sar\u0131mlar\u0131 s\u0131k\u0131 aral\u0131kl\u0131, yuvarlak telli helisel bir yay varsayar; do\u011frudan kesme ve e\u011filme etkileri ihmal edilir.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Do\u011frusal elastik davran\u0131\u015f:<\/strong> katsay\u0131 yaln\u0131zca telin akmaya ba\u015flamas\u0131na ya da sar\u0131mlar\u0131n tam \u00e7\u00f6kme y\u00fcksekli\u011fine ula\u015fmas\u0131na kadar sabittir. Sar\u0131mlar birbirine de\u011fdi\u011finde etkin katsay\u0131 h\u0131zla y\u00fckselir.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Etkin sar\u0131mlar\u0131 do\u011fru say\u0131n:<\/strong> kapal\u0131 (birbirine de\u011fen) u\u00e7 sar\u0131mlar\u0131 neredeyse hi\u00e7 \u00e7\u00f6kmez. Etkin say\u0131 yerine toplam sar\u0131m say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 kullanmak en yayg\u0131n hata kayna\u011f\u0131d\u0131r \u2014 k\u0131sa yaylarda katsay\u0131y\u0131 %20\u201330 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck hesaplar.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u00c7\u00f6kmeyi mevcut strokla kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131n:<\/strong> hesaplanan \u00e7\u00f6kmenin, serbest uzunluk ile tam \u00e7\u00f6kme y\u00fcksekli\u011fi aras\u0131ndaki bo\u015flu\u011fa s\u0131\u011fmas\u0131 gerekir; aksi halde yay dibe vurur.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Do\u011fru kayma mod\u00fcl\u00fcn\u00fc kullan\u0131n:<\/strong> paslanmaz \u00e7elik ve demir d\u0131\u015f\u0131 teller piyano telinden belirgin bi\u00e7imde yumu\u015fakt\u0131r (\u2248 69 GPa'ya kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k \u2248 79,3 GPa); bu da katsay\u0131y\u0131 buna g\u00f6re d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fcr.<\/li>\n<li><strong>S\u0131cakl\u0131k ve \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ko\u015fullar\u0131:<\/strong> y\u00fcksek s\u0131cakl\u0131klarda yaylar zamanla gev\u015fer ve kuvvet kaybeder; hesaplanan katsay\u0131 telin oda s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndaki de\u011ferine aittir.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Belirli bir y\u00fck i\u00e7in tel kal\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131 se\u00e7erken gerilmenin \\(1\/d^3\\) ile, katsay\u0131n\u0131n ise \\(d^4\\) ile artt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 unutmay\u0131n; yani sertlik ile gerilme aras\u0131nda do\u011frudan bir \u00f6d\u00fcnle\u015fim vard\u0131r \u2014 daha kal\u0131n tel, daha sert ve daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck gerilmeli bir yay demektir; ama ayn\u0131 strok i\u00e7in \u00e7ok daha y\u00fcksek kuvvet anlam\u0131na gelir. Bas\u0131n\u00e7l\u0131 k\u0131s\u0131mlarda benzer bir duvar kal\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131 mant\u0131\u011f\u0131 ge\u00e7erlidir; bu konuyu <a href=\"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/muhendislik\/boru-duvar-kalinligi\/\">boru duvar kal\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/a> hesaplay\u0131c\u0131m\u0131z i\u015fler.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Basma yay\u0131n\u0131n katsay\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 (sertli\u011fini) tel \u00e7ap\u0131, ortalama sar\u0131m \u00e7ap\u0131, etkin sar\u0131m say\u0131s\u0131 ve kayma mod\u00fcl\u00fcnden hesaplay\u0131n. \u0130sterseniz bir y\u00fck girerek \u00e7\u00f6kmeyi ve teldeki kayma gerilmesini de \u00f6\u011frenebilirsiniz.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3168,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[6],"tags":[86],"class_list":["post-4075","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-muhendislik","tag-yay-hesaplama"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4075","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3168"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4075"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4075\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4075"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4075"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4075"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}