{"id":4160,"date":"2026-11-02T09:52:03","date_gmt":"2026-11-02T09:52:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/web-araclari\/chmod-hesaplayici-linux-dosya-izinleri\/"},"modified":"2026-11-02T09:52:03","modified_gmt":"2026-11-02T09:52:03","slug":"chmod-hesaplayici-linux-dosya-izinleri","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/web-araclari\/chmod-hesaplayici-linux-dosya-izinleri\/","title":{"rendered":"Chmod Hesaplay\u0131c\u0131 \u2013 Linux dosya izinleri"},"content":{"rendered":"<section class=\"not-prose calculator-box\" aria-labelledby=\"calculator-title\"><div class=\"flex items-baseline sm:items-center justify-between gap-2 sm:gap-3\"><div class=\"flex flex-col sm:flex-row sm:items-center gap-2\"><span class=\"icon icon-calculator text-primary-700! text-base! dark:text-primary-300!\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><h2 id=\"calculator-title\" class=\"text-lg font-display font-bold\">Linux izinlerini onay kutular\u0131, sekizlik kod ve sembolik g\u00f6sterim aras\u0131nda d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fcn<\/h2><\/div><div class=\"calcdash-favorite group\">\n  <button type=\"button\" class=\"favorite\" id=\"favorite\" data-favorite-id=\"4160\" data-favorite-title=\"Chmod\" data-favorite-url=\"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/web-araclari\/chmod-hesaplayici-linux-dosya-izinleri\/\" data-favorite-excerpt=\"Linux dosya izinlerini t\u0131klanabilir onay kutusu \u0131zgaras\u0131, oktal kod (\u00f6rn. 755) ve sembolik g\u00f6sterim (\u00f6rn. rwxr-xr-x) aras\u0131nda d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fcn. Kullan\u0131ma haz\u0131r chmod komutlar\u0131, ls -l \u00f6nizlemesi ve d\u00fczenli dosyalar ile dizinler i\u00e7in g\u00fcvenlik notlar\u0131 da dahildir.\" aria-label=\"Favorilere ekle\" data-favorite-icon=\"icon icon-conversion\">\n    <span class=\"icon icon-shape-star-empty\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>\n  <\/button>\n  <div class=\"calcdash-favorite__tip\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n   <span class=\"favorite-tooltip\" id=\"favorite-tooltip\"><\/span>\n  <\/div>\n  <span class=\"sr-only\" role=\"status\" id=\"favorite-status\"><\/span>\n<\/div><\/div><form action=\"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/web-araclari\/chmod-hesaplayici-linux-dosya-izinleri\/\" method=\"POST\" class=\"calculator\" id=\"calculator-4160\" data-post=\"4160\"><fieldset class=\"fieldset-input is-3\"><legend class=\"sr-only\">Giri\u015f alanlar\u0131<\/legend><div class=\"field is-single\" id=\"input-1\"><label for=\"field-1\">Giri\u015f y\u00f6ntemi<\/label><div class=\"grid grid-cols-1\"><select id=\"field-1\" name=\"giri_yntemi\"><option value=\"check\" selected>Onay kutular\u0131 (izin tablosu)<\/option><option value=\"octal\">Sekizlik kod (\u00f6rn. 755 veya 4755)<\/option><option value=\"sym\">Sembolik g\u00f6sterim (\u00f6rn. rwxr-xr-x)<\/option><option value=\"preset\">Yayg\u0131n haz\u0131r ayarlar<\/option><\/select><svg class=\"pointer-events-none col-start-1 row-start-1 mr-2 size-5 self-center justify-self-end text-gray-500 sm:size-4\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" fill=\"currentColor\" aria-hidden=\"true\" data-slot=\"icon\">\n              <path fill-rule=\"evenodd\" d=\"M4.22 6.22a.75.75 0 0 1 1.06 0L8 8.94l2.72-2.72a.75.75 0 1 1 1.06 1.06l-3.25 3.25a.75.75 0 0 1-1.06 0L4.22 7.28a.75.75 0 0 1 0-1.06Z\" clip-rule=\"evenodd\" \/>\n            <\/svg><\/div><\/div><div class=\"field is-single\" id=\"input-2\" hidden><label for=\"field-2\">Haz\u0131r ayar<\/label><div class=\"grid grid-cols-1\"><select id=\"field-2\" name=\"hazr_ayar\"><option value=\"600\">600 \u2014 rw------- (\u00f6zel dosya)<\/option><option value=\"644\">644 \u2014 rw-r--r-- (s\u0131radan dosyalar)<\/option><option value=\"700\">700 \u2014 rwx------- (\u00f6zel dizin)<\/option><option value=\"755\" selected>755 \u2014 rwxr-xr-x (programlar, web dosyalar\u0131)<\/option><option value=\"775\">775 \u2014 rwxrwxr-x (payla\u015f\u0131ml\u0131, grup yazabilir)<\/option><option value=\"777\">777 \u2014 rwxrwxrwx (herkes yazabilir \u2014 riskli)<\/option><option value=\"1777\">1777 \u2014 rwxrwxrwt (sticky, \/tmp gibi)<\/option><\/select><svg class=\"pointer-events-none col-start-1 row-start-1 mr-2 size-5 self-center justify-self-end text-gray-500 sm:size-4\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" fill=\"currentColor\" aria-hidden=\"true\" data-slot=\"icon\">\n              <path fill-rule=\"evenodd\" d=\"M4.22 6.22a.75.75 0 0 1 1.06 0L8 8.94l2.72-2.72a.75.75 0 1 1 1.06 1.06l-3.25 3.25a.75.75 0 0 1-1.06 0L4.22 7.28a.75.75 0 0 1 0-1.06Z\" clip-rule=\"evenodd\" \/>\n            <\/svg><\/div><\/div><div class=\"field is-single\" id=\"input-3\" hidden><label for=\"field-3\">Sekizlik kod<\/label><input type=\"text\" name=\"sekizlik_kod\" id=\"field-3\" aria-describedby=\"calc-info-3\" placeholder=\"755 veya 4755\" step=\"any\" value=\"755\"\/><small id=\"calc-info-3\">0\u20137 aras\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7 veya d\u00f6rt basamak: sahip, grup, di\u011ferleri \u2014 istenirse en ba\u015fta bir \u00f6zel basamakla (setuid 4, setgid 2, sticky 1).<\/small><\/div><div class=\"field is-single\" id=\"input-4\" hidden><label for=\"field-4\">Sembolik g\u00f6sterim<\/label><input type=\"text\" name=\"sembolik_gsterim\" id=\"field-4\" aria-describedby=\"calc-info-4\" placeholder=\"rwxr-xr-x\" step=\"any\" value=\"rwxr-xr-x\"\/><small id=\"calc-info-4\">r\/w\/x\/s\/t harflerinden dokuz karakter; ya da ba\u015f\u0131nda t\u00fcr karakteri bulunan tam bir ls -l dizisi, \u00f6rn. -rwxr-xr-x.<\/small><\/div><div class=\"field\" id=\"input-5\"><label for=\"field-5\">Dosya t\u00fcr\u00fc<\/label><div class=\"grid grid-cols-1\"><select id=\"field-5\" name=\"dosya_tr\"><option value=\"file\" selected>Normal dosya (-)<\/option><option value=\"dir\">Dizin (d)<\/option><\/select><svg class=\"pointer-events-none col-start-1 row-start-1 mr-2 size-5 self-center justify-self-end text-gray-500 sm:size-4\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" fill=\"currentColor\" aria-hidden=\"true\" data-slot=\"icon\">\n              <path fill-rule=\"evenodd\" d=\"M4.22 6.22a.75.75 0 0 1 1.06 0L8 8.94l2.72-2.72a.75.75 0 1 1 1.06 1.06l-3.25 3.25a.75.75 0 0 1-1.06 0L4.22 7.28a.75.75 0 0 1 0-1.06Z\" clip-rule=\"evenodd\" \/>\n            <\/svg><\/div><\/div><div class=\"is-single field\" id=\"input-6\"><span class=\"font-semibold\">Sahip (u)<\/span><\/div><div class=\"field is-checkbox\" id=\"input-7\"><input type=\"checkbox\" id=\"field-7\" value=\"1\" checked=\"checked\"\/><label for=\"field-7\">Okuma<\/label><\/div><div class=\"field is-checkbox\" id=\"input-8\"><input type=\"checkbox\" id=\"field-8\" value=\"1\" checked=\"checked\"\/><label for=\"field-8\">Yazma<\/label><\/div><div class=\"field is-checkbox\" id=\"input-9\"><input type=\"checkbox\" id=\"field-9\" value=\"1\" checked=\"checked\"\/><label for=\"field-9\">\u00c7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma<\/label><\/div><div class=\"is-single field\" id=\"input-10\"><span class=\"font-semibold\">Grup (g)<\/span><\/div><div class=\"field is-checkbox\" id=\"input-11\"><input type=\"checkbox\" id=\"field-11\" value=\"1\" checked=\"checked\"\/><label for=\"field-11\">Okuma<\/label><\/div><div class=\"field is-checkbox\" id=\"input-12\"><input type=\"checkbox\" id=\"field-12\" value=\"1\"\/><label for=\"field-12\">Yazma<\/label><\/div><div class=\"field is-checkbox\" id=\"input-13\"><input type=\"checkbox\" id=\"field-13\" value=\"1\" checked=\"checked\"\/><label for=\"field-13\">\u00c7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma<\/label><\/div><div class=\"is-single field\" id=\"input-14\"><span class=\"font-semibold\">Di\u011ferleri (o \u2014 geri kalan herkes)<\/span><\/div><div class=\"field is-checkbox\" id=\"input-15\"><input type=\"checkbox\" id=\"field-15\" value=\"1\" checked=\"checked\"\/><label for=\"field-15\">Okuma<\/label><\/div><div class=\"field is-checkbox\" id=\"input-16\"><input type=\"checkbox\" id=\"field-16\" value=\"1\"\/><label for=\"field-16\">Yazma<\/label><\/div><div class=\"field is-checkbox\" id=\"input-17\"><input type=\"checkbox\" id=\"field-17\" value=\"1\" checked=\"checked\"\/><label for=\"field-17\">\u00c7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma<\/label><\/div><div class=\"is-single field\" id=\"input-18\"><span class=\"font-semibold\">\u00d6zel bitler<\/span><\/div><div class=\"field is-checkbox\" id=\"input-19\"><input type=\"checkbox\" id=\"field-19\" value=\"1\"\/><label for=\"field-19\">Setuid<\/label><\/div><div class=\"field is-checkbox\" id=\"input-20\"><input type=\"checkbox\" id=\"field-20\" value=\"1\"\/><label for=\"field-20\">Setgid<\/label><\/div><div class=\"field is-checkbox\" id=\"input-21\"><input type=\"checkbox\" id=\"field-21\" value=\"1\"\/><label for=\"field-21\">Sticky bit<\/label><\/div><\/fieldset><div class=\"buttons\"><button type=\"submit\" data-text=\"Yeniden hesapla\" id=\"calculate-button\" data-post=\"4160\">Hesapla<\/button><button type=\"reset\">S\u0131f\u0131rla<\/button><\/div><div class=\"field is-checkbox hidden!\" id=\"field-auto-calc\"><input type=\"checkbox\" id=\"auto-calc\"><label for=\"auto-calc\">Otomatik hesapla<\/label><small>Etkinle\u015ftirilirse, herhangi bir de\u011feri de\u011fi\u015ftirdi\u011finizde sonu\u00e7 otomatik olarak g\u00fcncellenir.<\/small><\/div><div class=\"fieldset-result is-hidden\" aria-labelledby=\"result-title\" aria-live=\"polite\" role=\"region\"> <h3 class=\"result-title bg-gradient-to-r from-primary-50 to-gray-50 dark:from-primary-900 dark:to-gray-800\" id=\"result-title\"><span class=\"icon icon-s-pulse\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span> \u0130zinleriniz<\/h3><div class=\"result-box\"><div class=\"field-result\" id=\"output-1\"><span class=\"field-title\"><span>Say\u0131sal (sekizlik) mod<\/span><\/span><span class=\"field-value\" id=\"result-1\"><\/span><button type=\"button\" class=\"copy-result\" data-tooltip=\"Sonucu kopyala\" aria-label=\"Sonucu kopyala\"><span class=\"copy-icon icon icon-document-copy\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><\/button><\/div><div class=\"field-result\" id=\"output-2\"><span class=\"field-title\"><span>Sembolik mod<\/span><\/span><span class=\"field-value\" id=\"result-2\"><\/span><button type=\"button\" class=\"copy-result\" data-tooltip=\"Sonucu kopyala\" aria-label=\"Sonucu kopyala\"><span class=\"copy-icon icon icon-document-copy\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><\/button><\/div><div class=\"field-result is-column\" id=\"output-3\"><span class=\"field-title\"><span>chmod komutu (say\u0131sal mod)<\/span><\/span><span class=\"field-value\" id=\"result-3\"><\/span><button type=\"button\" class=\"copy-result\" data-tooltip=\"Sonucu kopyala\" aria-label=\"Sonucu kopyala\"><span class=\"copy-icon icon icon-document-copy\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><\/button><\/div><div class=\"field-result is-column\" id=\"output-4\"><span class=\"field-title\"><span>chmod komutu (sembolik mod)<\/span><\/span><span class=\"field-value\" id=\"result-4\"><\/span><button type=\"button\" class=\"copy-result\" data-tooltip=\"Sonucu kopyala\" aria-label=\"Sonucu kopyala\"><span class=\"copy-icon icon icon-document-copy\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><\/button><\/div><div class=\"field-result is-column\" id=\"output-5\"><span class=\"field-title\"><span>ls -l bi\u00e7iminde \u00f6nizleme<\/span><\/span><span class=\"field-value\" id=\"result-5\"><\/span><button type=\"button\" class=\"copy-result\" data-tooltip=\"Sonucu kopyala\" aria-label=\"Sonucu kopyala\"><span class=\"copy-icon icon icon-document-copy\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><\/button><\/div><div class=\"field-result is-column\" id=\"output-6\"><span class=\"field-title\"><span>Bu izinler ne anlama geliyor<\/span><\/span><span class=\"field-value\" id=\"result-6\"><\/span><button type=\"button\" class=\"copy-result\" data-tooltip=\"Sonucu kopyala\" aria-label=\"Sonucu kopyala\"><span class=\"copy-icon icon icon-document-copy\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><\/button><\/div><div class=\"field-result is-column\" id=\"output-7\"><span class=\"field-title\"><span>G\u00fcvenlik notlar\u0131<\/span><\/span><span class=\"field-value\" id=\"result-7\"><\/span><button type=\"button\" class=\"copy-result\" data-tooltip=\"Sonucu kopyala\" aria-label=\"Sonucu kopyala\"><span class=\"copy-icon icon icon-document-copy\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><\/button><\/div><\/div><div class=\"result-actions\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"copy-link\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 20 20\" fill=\"currentColor\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M12.232 4.232a2.5 2.5 0 0 1 3.536 3.536l-1.225 1.224a.75.75 0 0 0 1.061 1.06l1.224-1.224a4 4 0 0 0-5.656-5.656l-3 3a4 4 0 0 0 .225 5.865.75.75 0 0 0 .977-1.138 2.5 2.5 0 0 1-.142-3.667l3-3Z\"\/><path d=\"M11.603 7.963a.75.75 0 0 0-.977 1.138 2.5 2.5 0 0 1 .142 3.667l-3 3a2.5 2.5 0 0 1-3.536-3.536l1.225-1.224a.75.75 0 0 0-1.061-1.06l-1.224 1.224a4 4 0 1 0 5.656 5.656l3-3a4 4 0 0 0-.225-5.865Z\"\/><\/svg><span class=\"copy-link__text\">Bu hesaplaman\u0131n ba\u011flant\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 kopyala<\/span><\/button><span class=\"sr-only\" role=\"status\" id=\"copy-link-status\"><\/span><\/div><\/div><a href=\"#respond\" class=\"hidden transition-opacity duration-300 opacity-0 w-50 text-sm justify-center items-center gap-2 px-4 py-2 rounded bg-gray-200 text-gray-700 hover:bg-gray-300\" id=\"leave-comment\"><span class=\"icon icon-comments\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Yorum b\u0131rak<\/a><\/form><\/section><section id=\"calc-reactions\" class=\"not-prose hidden my-12 bg-gradient-to-r from-primary-50 to-gray-50 border border-indigo-100 rounded-xl px-6 py-4 shadow-sm\" data-post=\"4160\" aria-live=\"polite\" aria-labelledby=\"calc-reactions-title\"><p id=\"calc-reactions-title\" class=\"text-sm text-gray-500 text-center mb-2\">Bu sonu\u00e7 hakk\u0131nda ne d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyorsunuz?<\/p><div role=\"group\" aria-labelledby=\"calc-reactions-title\" class=\"grid grid-cols-3 sm:flex sm:flex-row sm:justify-around gap-4 sm:items-center sm:flex-wrap\"><button type=\"button\" aria-pressed=\"false\" class=\"reaction-btn flex flex-col items-center gap-1 text-sm text-gray-700 hover:text-primary-600 cursor-pointer transition-transform hover:scale-105\" data-reaction=\"like\"><span class=\"reaction-count\" data-reaction-count=\"like\">0<\/span><span class=\"reaction text-3xl\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\ud83d\ude00 <\/span><span class=\"reaction-description font-medium\">Be\u011fendim <\/span><\/button><button type=\"button\" aria-pressed=\"false\" class=\"reaction-btn flex flex-col items-center gap-1 text-sm text-gray-700 hover:text-primary-600 cursor-pointer transition-transform hover:scale-105\" data-reaction=\"helpful\"><span class=\"reaction-count\" data-reaction-count=\"helpful\">0<\/span><span class=\"reaction text-3xl\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\ud83d\udca1 <\/span><span class=\"reaction-description font-medium\">Faydal\u0131 <\/span><\/button><button type=\"button\" aria-pressed=\"false\" class=\"reaction-btn flex flex-col items-center gap-1 text-sm text-gray-700 hover:text-primary-600 cursor-pointer transition-transform hover:scale-105\" data-reaction=\"confused\"><span class=\"reaction-count\" data-reaction-count=\"confused\">0<\/span><span class=\"reaction text-3xl\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\ud83d\ude15 <\/span><span class=\"reaction-description font-medium\">Kafam kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131 <\/span><\/button><button type=\"button\" aria-pressed=\"false\" class=\"reaction-btn flex flex-col items-center gap-1 text-sm text-gray-700 hover:text-primary-600 cursor-pointer transition-transform hover:scale-105\" data-reaction=\"disappointed\"><span class=\"reaction-count\" data-reaction-count=\"disappointed\">0<\/span><span class=\"reaction text-3xl\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\ud83d\ude1e <\/span><span class=\"reaction-description font-medium\">Hayal k\u0131r\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131 <\/span><\/button><button type=\"button\" aria-pressed=\"false\" class=\"reaction-btn flex flex-col items-center gap-1 text-sm text-gray-700 hover:text-primary-600 cursor-pointer transition-transform hover:scale-105\" data-reaction=\"inaccurate\"><span class=\"reaction-count\" data-reaction-count=\"inaccurate\">0<\/span><span class=\"reaction text-3xl\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\u274c <\/span><span class=\"reaction-description font-medium\">Hatal\u0131 <\/span><\/button><\/div><div id=\"reaction-message\" class=\"hidden mt-8 rounded-md border border-primary-100 bg-white\/50 backdrop-blur-sm px-4 py-2 text-sm text-center shadow-sm\"><\/div><\/section><div class=\"calcdash-ad not-prose calcdash-ad--calc_result calcdash-ad--in-article\"><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-1721569815777345\" data-ad-slot=\"6317458308\" data-ad-layout=\"in-article\" data-ad-format=\"fluid\"><\/ins><script>(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});<\/script><\/div>\n<style id=\"wpcoderpro-inline-1\">.formula-box {\r\n\tborder-bottom: none !important;\r\n}<\/style><section class=\"formula-box\" aria-labelledby=\"formula-title\">\r\n\t<div id=\"formula-title\" class=\"not-prose font-display mb-4\"><span class=\"icon icon-formula\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><h2>Chmod form\u00fcl\u00fc<\/h2><\/div>\r\n\t<figure class=\"not-prose formula\">\r\n\t\t<figcaption class=\"formula-title\">Form\u00fcl<\/figcaption>\r\n\t\t<div class=\"text-base text-gray-800\" id=\"formula\">\n\\[ d = 4 \\cdot r + 2 \\cdot w + 1 \\cdot x \\]\n\\[ \\text{kip} = (4 \\cdot s_{\\text{uid}} + 2 \\cdot s_{\\text{gid}} + 1 \\cdot s_{\\text{sticky}})\\,(d_{\\text{sahip}})(d_{\\text{grup}})(d_{\\text{di\u011ferleri}}) \\]\n<\/div>\r\n\t<\/figure>\r\n\t<\/p>\n<p><strong>Burada:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\\(r\\), \\(w\\), \\(x\\) \u2014 okuma, yazma ve \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma bitleri; izin verilmi\u015fse 1, verilmemi\u015fse 0 de\u011ferini al\u0131r;<\/li>\n<li>\\(d\\) \u2014 bir s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n (sahip, grup veya di\u011ferleri) 4\u20132\u20131 a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131klar\u0131ndan olu\u015fan oktal basama\u011f\u0131;<\/li>\n<li>\\(s_{\\text{uid}}\\), \\(s_{\\text{gid}}\\), \\(s_{\\text{sticky}}\\) \u2014 setuid, setgid ve sticky \u00f6zel bitleri (bunlar da 0 ya da 1).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Okuma 4, yazma 2, \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma 1 olarak say\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in her izin s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 tek bir oktal basama\u011fa s\u0131\u011far; verilen izinlerin de\u011ferleri toplan\u0131nca 0 ile 7 aras\u0131nda bir say\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kar. Ba\u015fa eklenen iste\u011fe ba\u011fl\u0131 basamak, \u00f6zel bitleri ayn\u0131 4\u20132\u20131 a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131klar\u0131yla kodlar; 4755 yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131zda bu, setuid art\u0131 bildi\u011fimiz 755 kipi demektir.<\/p>\n<p>\r\n<\/section>\n<style id=\"wpcoderpro-inline-2\">.calculation-box {\r\n\tborder-bottom: none !important;\r\n}<\/style><section id=\"calculation\" class=\"calculation-box\" aria-labelledby=\"calculation-title\">\r\n\t<div id=\"calculation-title\" class=\"not-prose font-display\"><span class=\"icon icon-unordered-list\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><h2>Chmod \u2013 Hesaplama \u00f6rne\u011fi<\/h2><\/div>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00d6rnek:<\/strong> sahibinin beti\u011fi serbest\u00e7e d\u00fczenleyip \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rabildi\u011fi, grupla di\u011fer herkesin ise yaln\u0131zca okuyup \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rabildi\u011fi durum \u2014 klasik 755 d\u00fczeni (hesaplay\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n varsay\u0131lan \u0131zgaras\u0131 da budur: sahip r+w+x, grup r+x, di\u011ferleri r+x).<\/p>\n<p>\\[ d_{\\text{sahip}} = 4 + 2 + 1 = 7 \\]<br \/>\n\\[ d_{\\text{grup}} = 4 + 0 + 1 = 5 \\]<br \/>\n\\[ d_{\\text{di\u011ferleri}} = 4 + 0 + 1 = 5 \\]<br \/>\n\\[ \\text{kip} = 755 \\]<\/p>\n<p><strong>Sonu\u00e7:<\/strong> oktal kip <strong>755<\/strong>, sembolik kip <strong>rwxr-xr-x<\/strong>, komut <code>chmod 755 dosya<\/code>. Bir <code>ls -l<\/code> listesinde dosya <code>-rwxr-xr-x<\/code> olarak g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr.<\/p>\n<p>\n\r\n<\/section>\n<h2>Hesaplay\u0131c\u0131 nas\u0131l kullan\u0131l\u0131r<\/h2>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>Giri\u015f y\u00f6ntemi<\/strong> a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131r men\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fc a\u00e7\u0131n ve izinleri nas\u0131l tan\u0131mlamak istedi\u011finizi se\u00e7in: <em>Onay kutular\u0131 (izin \u0131zgaras\u0131)<\/em>, <em>Oktal kod<\/em>, <em>Sembolik g\u00f6sterim<\/em> veya <em>Haz\u0131r ayarlar<\/em>. Yaln\u0131zca se\u00e7ilen y\u00f6nteme ait alanlar g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr kal\u0131r.<\/li>\n<li><em>Onay kutular\u0131<\/em> y\u00f6nteminde her s\u0131n\u0131f \u2014 Sahip (u), Grup (g) ve Di\u011ferleri (o) \u2014 i\u00e7in <strong>Okuma<\/strong>, <strong>Yazma<\/strong> ve <strong>\u00c7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma<\/strong> kutular\u0131n\u0131 i\u015faretleyin; isterseniz <strong>Setuid<\/strong>, <strong>Setgid<\/strong> ve <strong>Sticky<\/strong> \u00f6zel bitlerini de ekleyin.<\/li>\n<li><em>Oktal kod<\/em> y\u00f6nteminde \u00fc\u00e7 basamak yaz\u0131n (\u00f6rn. 755) ya da ba\u015f\u0131na \u00f6zel bit basama\u011f\u0131 gelen d\u00f6rt basamak (\u00f6rn. 4755). <em>Sembolik g\u00f6sterim<\/em> y\u00f6nteminde rwxr-xr-x gibi dokuz karakter girin ya da <code>-rwxr-xr-x<\/code> gibi tam bir <code>ls -l<\/code> sat\u0131r\u0131n\u0131 yap\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131n \u2014 ba\u015ftaki t\u00fcr karakteri otomatik olarak at\u0131l\u0131r. <em>Haz\u0131r ayarlar<\/em> y\u00f6nteminde ise haz\u0131r bir izin setini se\u00e7meniz yeterli.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Dosya t\u00fcr\u00fc<\/strong> se\u00e7ene\u011fini <em>D\u00fczenli dosya (-)<\/em> veya <em>Dizin (d)<\/em> olarak ayarlay\u0131n; b\u00f6ylece a\u00e7\u0131klama ve <code>ls -l<\/code> \u00f6nizlemesi do\u011fru terimleri kullan\u0131r.<\/li>\n<li>Sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 okuyun: <strong>say\u0131sal (oktal) kip<\/strong>, <strong>sembolik kip<\/strong>, kopyalamaya haz\u0131r <strong>chmod komutlar\u0131<\/strong>, <strong>ls -l bi\u00e7iminde \u00f6nizleme<\/strong>, g\u00fcnl\u00fck dille bir a\u00e7\u0131klama ve g\u00fcvenlik notlar\u0131.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2>Linux dosya izinleri nedir ve nas\u0131l okunur<\/h2>\n<p>Linux sistemindeki her dosya ve dizin, \u00fc\u00e7 s\u0131n\u0131fa ayr\u0131lm\u0131\u015f dokuz izin biti ta\u015f\u0131r: dosyay\u0131 olu\u015fturan <strong>sahip<\/strong> (u), dosyan\u0131n ait oldu\u011fu <strong>grup<\/strong> (g) ve makinedeki di\u011fer herkesi kapsayan <strong>di\u011ferleri<\/strong> (o). Her s\u0131n\u0131f i\u00e7inde \u00fc\u00e7 bit, o s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n dosyay\u0131 <strong>okuyup<\/strong> (r), <strong>yaz\u0131p<\/strong> (w) <strong>\u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rabilece\u011fini<\/strong> (x) belirtir. <code>chmod<\/code> komutu bu bitleri de\u011fi\u015ftirir; hesaplay\u0131c\u0131 ise bunlar\u0131n herhangi bir g\u00f6sterimini di\u011fer t\u00fcm g\u00f6sterimlere \u00e7evirir.<\/p>\n<p>Oktal g\u00f6sterim, 4\u20132\u20131 a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131klar\u0131yla her s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 tek bir basama\u011fa s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131r; 644 ya da 755 gibi kipleri bu y\u00fczden g\u00f6r\u00fcrs\u00fcn\u00fcz. Sembolik g\u00f6sterim ayn\u0131 bitleri soldan sa\u011fa dokuz karakter olarak yazar: \u00f6nce sahip \u00fc\u00e7l\u00fcs\u00fc, sonra grup \u00fc\u00e7l\u00fcs\u00fc, en sonda di\u011ferleri \u00fc\u00e7l\u00fcs\u00fc. Tire, iznin verilmedi\u011fini g\u00f6sterir; <code>rw-r--r--<\/code> bu y\u00fczden okunabilir ama \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lamayan 644't\u00fcr. \u0130ki bi\u00e7im de tam olarak ayn\u0131 bitleri anlat\u0131r \u2014 \u00f6n\u00fcn\u00fczdeki arac\u0131n kabul etti\u011fini se\u00e7in.<\/p>\n<p>Bitlerin anlam\u0131 dosya t\u00fcr\u00fcne g\u00f6re de\u011fi\u015fir. D\u00fczenli bir dosyada r i\u00e7eri\u011fini g\u00f6rmek, w i\u00e7eri\u011fini de\u011fi\u015ftirmek, x onu program olarak \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmak demektir. Bir dizinde ise r i\u00e7indeki adlar\u0131 listelemek, w i\u00e7inde yeni girdiler olu\u015fturmak, adland\u0131rmak ya da silmek, x <code>cd<\/code> ile i\u00e7ine girmek ve i\u00e7indeki dosyalar\u0131 a\u00e7makt\u0131r. Dizindeki i\u00e7eriklerin kullan\u0131labilmesi i\u00e7in dizine x gerekmesi ve <code>~\/.ssh<\/code> gibi \u00f6zel klas\u00f6rlerde standart kipin 700 olmas\u0131 bu y\u00fczendir.<\/p>\n<p>Tabloyu \u00fc\u00e7 ek \u00f6zel bit tamamlar. <strong>Setuid<\/strong> (4), bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131labilir dosyay\u0131 sahibinin yetkileriyle \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131r \u2014 <code>\/usr\/bin\/passwd<\/code> arkas\u0131ndaki mekanizma budur. <strong>Setgid<\/strong> (2) ayn\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 grup i\u00e7in yapar; dizinlerde ise yeni dosyalar\u0131n dizinin grubunu devralmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar. <strong>Sticky<\/strong> (1), ortak yaz\u0131labilir bir dizinde silmeyi k\u0131s\u0131tlar ve kullan\u0131c\u0131lar yaln\u0131zca kendi dosyalar\u0131n\u0131 silebilir \u2014 <code>\/tmp<\/code>'yi (1777) g\u00fcvenli kuran kural budur. Sembolik \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131da bunlar bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma hanesinde s\/S, son hanede t\/T olarak g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr; b\u00fcy\u00fck harf, alt\u0131ndaki \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma bitinin kapal\u0131 oldu\u011funu g\u00f6sterir.<\/p>\n<h2>S\u0131k kullan\u0131lan izin kipleri<\/h2>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Kip<\/th>\n<th>Sembolik<\/th>\n<th>Tipik kullan\u0131m<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>600<\/td>\n<td>rw-------<\/td>\n<td>SSH anahtarlar\u0131 gibi \u00f6zel dosyalar<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>644<\/td>\n<td>rw-r--r--<\/td>\n<td>S\u0131radan dosyalar, web i\u00e7eri\u011fi<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>700<\/td>\n<td>rwx------<\/td>\n<td>~\/.ssh gibi \u00f6zel dizinler<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>755<\/td>\n<td>rwxr-xr-x<\/td>\n<td>Programlar, betikler, web sunucusundan sunulan dosyalar<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>775<\/td>\n<td>rwxrwxr-x<\/td>\n<td>G\u00fcvenilen grup i\u00e7in ortak dizinler<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>1777<\/td>\n<td>rwxrwxrwt<\/td>\n<td>\/tmp gibi ortak ge\u00e7ici alanlar<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>4755<\/td>\n<td>rwsr-xr-x<\/td>\n<td>Setuid root \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131labilirleri (tutuml\u0131 kullan\u0131n)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2>Varsay\u0131mlar, s\u0131n\u0131rlar ve pratik ipu\u00e7lar\u0131<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>777 neredeyse hi\u00e7bir zaman do\u011fru cevap de\u011fildir.<\/strong> Bir dosyay\u0131 herkese a\u00e7\u0131k yaz\u0131labilir yapmak, sistemdeki t\u00fcm hesaplara kap\u0131y\u0131 a\u00e7ar. 777'ye uzanmadan \u00f6nce d\u00fczg\u00fcn se\u00e7ilmi\u015f bir grupla 775'i ya da ACL'leri (<code>setfacl<\/code>) tercih edin.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Herkese a\u00e7\u0131k yazma iznini setuid veya setgid ile asla birle\u015ftirmeyin.<\/strong> 4777 veya 7777 gibi kipler, dosyan\u0131n y\u00fckseltilmi\u015f yetkiyle \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya devam ederken herkesin dosyay\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftirmesine izin verir \u2014 klasik bir yetki y\u00fckseltme a\u00e7\u0131\u011f\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Di\u011ferleri, sahibinden daha yetkili olmamal\u0131.<\/strong> \u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc basamak ilkinden b\u00fcy\u00fckse kipi b\u00fcy\u00fck olas\u0131l\u0131kla yanl\u0131\u015f yazm\u0131\u015fs\u0131n\u0131zd\u0131r; g\u00fcvenlik notlar\u0131 bunu uyar\u0131 olarak belirtir.<\/li>\n<li><strong>000, sahibi de dahil herkesi engeller.<\/strong> Eri\u015fimi yaln\u0131zca root geri kazanabilir; gizlilik istiyorsan\u0131z bunun yerine 600 ya da 700 kullan\u0131n.<\/li>\n<li><strong><code>chmod -R<\/code> konusunda dikkatli olun.<\/strong> \u00d6zyinelemeli say\u0131sal bir kip, t\u00fcm dosya ve alt dizinlerdeki b\u00fct\u00fcn bitleri tek seferde ezerr; dizinlere genellikle x gerekirken veri dosyalar\u0131nda bulunmamal\u0131d\u0131r. Kipleri dosya t\u00fcr\u00fcne g\u00f6re uygulay\u0131n; t\u00fcm a\u011faca topluca uygulamay\u0131n.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Root, izin bitlerini yok sayar.<\/strong> \u0130zinler normal kullan\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131rlar; root d\u00fczeyindeki eri\u015fime kar\u015f\u0131 bir koruma sa\u011flamaz.<\/li>\n<li>Hesaplay\u0131c\u0131, bilinen izin g\u00f6sterimlerini \u00f6zel bitlerle birlikte birbirine \u00e7evirir; ancak ger\u00e7ek eri\u015fimi etkileyebilecek ACL, SELinux veya di\u011fer zorunlu eri\u015fim denetimlerini hesaba katamaz.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Linux taraf\u0131ndaki ba\u015fka kodlamalarla \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yorsan\u0131z, temeldeki say\u0131 sistemlerini anlamak i\u00e7in <a href=\"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/web-araclari\/unix-zaman-damgasi-cevirici\/\">Unix zaman damgas\u0131 d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fcs\u00fc<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/web-araclari\/onaltilik-cevirici\/\">onalt\u0131l\u0131k d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fc<\/a> ve <a href=\"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/web-araclari\/ikili-hesaplayici\/\">ikili hesaplay\u0131c\u0131<\/a> da i\u015finize yarayabilir.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Linux dosya izinlerini t\u0131klanabilir onay kutusu \u0131zgaras\u0131, oktal kod (\u00f6rn. 755) ve sembolik g\u00f6sterim (\u00f6rn. rwxr-xr-x) aras\u0131nda d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fcn. Kullan\u0131ma haz\u0131r chmod komutlar\u0131, ls -l \u00f6nizlemesi ve d\u00fczenli dosyalar ile dizinler i\u00e7in g\u00fcvenlik notlar\u0131 da dahildir.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3168,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[15],"tags":[28],"class_list":["post-4160","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-web-araclari","tag-donusturucu-araclari"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4160","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3168"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4160"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4160\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4160"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4160"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4160"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}