{"id":778,"date":"2026-10-03T15:29:15","date_gmt":"2026-10-03T14:29:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/t-testi-hesaplama\/"},"modified":"2026-10-03T15:29:15","modified_gmt":"2026-10-03T14:29:15","slug":"t-testi-hesaplama","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/istatistik\/t-testi-hesaplama\/","title":{"rendered":"T-Testi Hesaplama Arac\u0131"},"content":{"rendered":"<section class=\"not-prose calculator-box\" aria-labelledby=\"calculator-title\"><div class=\"flex items-baseline sm:items-center justify-between gap-2 sm:gap-3\"><div class=\"flex flex-col sm:flex-row sm:items-center gap-2\"><span class=\"icon icon-calculator text-primary-700! text-base! dark:text-primary-300!\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><h2 id=\"calculator-title\" class=\"text-lg font-display font-bold\">T-Testi \u00c7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131n<\/h2><\/div><div class=\"calcdash-favorite group\">\n  <button type=\"button\" class=\"favorite\" id=\"favorite\" data-favorite-id=\"778\" data-favorite-title=\"T-Testi\" data-favorite-url=\"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/istatistik\/t-testi-hesaplama\/\" data-favorite-excerpt=\"Ham verilerden veya \u00f6zet istatistiklerden tek \u00f6rneklemli veya iki \u00f6rneklemli t-testi hesaplay\u0131n. De\u011ferlerinizi girin, alternatif hipotezi ve anlaml\u0131l\u0131k d\u00fczeyini se\u00e7in; t istatisti\u011fini, serbestlik derecesini, p-de\u011ferini ve sonucu al\u0131n.\" aria-label=\"Favorilere ekle\" data-favorite-icon=\"icon icon-wpcalc-bell-curve\">\n    <span class=\"icon icon-shape-star-empty\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>\n  <\/button>\n  <div class=\"calcdash-favorite__tip\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n   <span class=\"favorite-tooltip\" id=\"favorite-tooltip\"><\/span>\n  <\/div>\n  <span class=\"sr-only\" role=\"status\" id=\"favorite-status\"><\/span>\n<\/div><\/div><form action=\"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/istatistik\/t-testi-hesaplama\/\" method=\"POST\" class=\"calculator\" id=\"calculator-778\" data-post=\"778\"><fieldset class=\"fieldset-input is-1\"><legend class=\"sr-only\">Giri\u015f alanlar\u0131<\/legend><div class=\"is-single field\" id=\"input-1\"><span class=\"font-semibold\">Test ayarlar\u0131<\/span><\/div><div class=\"field\" id=\"input-2\"><label for=\"field-2\">Test t\u00fcr\u00fc<\/label><div class=\"grid grid-cols-1\"><select id=\"field-2\" name=\"test_tr\"><option value=\"one\" selected>Tek \u00f6rneklem t-testi<\/option><option value=\"two\">\u0130ki \u00f6rneklem t-testi (ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z)<\/option><\/select><svg class=\"pointer-events-none col-start-1 row-start-1 mr-2 size-5 self-center justify-self-end text-gray-500 sm:size-4\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" fill=\"currentColor\" aria-hidden=\"true\" data-slot=\"icon\">\n              <path fill-rule=\"evenodd\" d=\"M4.22 6.22a.75.75 0 0 1 1.06 0L8 8.94l2.72-2.72a.75.75 0 1 1 1.06 1.06l-3.25 3.25a.75.75 0 0 1-1.06 0L4.22 7.28a.75.75 0 0 1 0-1.06Z\" clip-rule=\"evenodd\" \/>\n            <\/svg><\/div><\/div><div class=\"field\" id=\"input-3\"><label for=\"field-3\">Alternatif hipotez (H\u2081)<\/label><div class=\"grid grid-cols-1\"><select id=\"field-3\" name=\"alternatif_hipotez_h\"><option value=\"two\" selected>\u0130ki kuyruklu (\u2260)<\/option><option value=\"greater\">Sa\u011f kuyruklu (&gt;)<\/option><option value=\"less\">Sol kuyruklu (&lt;)<\/option><\/select><svg class=\"pointer-events-none col-start-1 row-start-1 mr-2 size-5 self-center justify-self-end text-gray-500 sm:size-4\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" fill=\"currentColor\" aria-hidden=\"true\" data-slot=\"icon\">\n              <path fill-rule=\"evenodd\" d=\"M4.22 6.22a.75.75 0 0 1 1.06 0L8 8.94l2.72-2.72a.75.75 0 1 1 1.06 1.06l-3.25 3.25a.75.75 0 0 1-1.06 0L4.22 7.28a.75.75 0 0 1 0-1.06Z\" clip-rule=\"evenodd\" \/>\n            <\/svg><\/div><\/div><div class=\"field\" id=\"input-4\"><label for=\"field-4\">Anlaml\u0131l\u0131k d\u00fczeyi (\u03b1)<\/label><div class=\"grid grid-cols-1\"><select id=\"field-4\" name=\"anlamllk_dzeyi_\"><option value=\"0.05\" selected>0.05<\/option><option value=\"0.01\">0.01<\/option><option value=\"0.1\">0.10<\/option><\/select><svg class=\"pointer-events-none col-start-1 row-start-1 mr-2 size-5 self-center justify-self-end text-gray-500 sm:size-4\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" fill=\"currentColor\" aria-hidden=\"true\" data-slot=\"icon\">\n              <path fill-rule=\"evenodd\" d=\"M4.22 6.22a.75.75 0 0 1 1.06 0L8 8.94l2.72-2.72a.75.75 0 1 1 1.06 1.06l-3.25 3.25a.75.75 0 0 1-1.06 0L4.22 7.28a.75.75 0 0 1 0-1.06Z\" clip-rule=\"evenodd\" \/>\n            <\/svg><\/div><\/div><div class=\"is-single field\" id=\"input-5\"><span class=\"font-semibold\">Veri<\/span><\/div><div class=\"field\" id=\"input-6\"><label for=\"field-6\">Giri\u015f modu<\/label><div class=\"grid grid-cols-1\"><select id=\"field-6\" name=\"giri_modu\"><option value=\"data\" selected>Ham veri<\/option><option value=\"summary\">\u00d6zet istatistikler<\/option><\/select><svg class=\"pointer-events-none col-start-1 row-start-1 mr-2 size-5 self-center justify-self-end text-gray-500 sm:size-4\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" fill=\"currentColor\" aria-hidden=\"true\" data-slot=\"icon\">\n              <path fill-rule=\"evenodd\" d=\"M4.22 6.22a.75.75 0 0 1 1.06 0L8 8.94l2.72-2.72a.75.75 0 1 1 1.06 1.06l-3.25 3.25a.75.75 0 0 1-1.06 0L4.22 7.28a.75.75 0 0 1 0-1.06Z\" clip-rule=\"evenodd\" \/>\n            <\/svg><\/div><\/div><div class=\"field\" id=\"input-7\" hidden><label for=\"field-7\">Hipotez ortalamas\u0131 (\u03bc\u2080)<\/label><input type=\"number\" name=\"hipotez_ortalamas_\" id=\"field-7\" aria-describedby=\"calc-info-7\" step=\"any\" value=\"100\"\/><small id=\"calc-info-7\">H\u2080 taraf\u0131ndan \u00f6ne s\u00fcr\u00fclen kitle ortalamas\u0131 (yaln\u0131zca tek \u00f6rneklem testi).<\/small><\/div><div class=\"field\" id=\"input-8\" hidden><label for=\"field-8\">Varyans varsay\u0131m\u0131<\/label><div class=\"grid grid-cols-1\"><select id=\"field-8\" name=\"varyans_varsaym\"><option value=\"welch\" selected>Welch (e\u015fit olmayan varyanslar)<\/option><option value=\"pooled\">Birle\u015ftirilmi\u015f (e\u015fit varyanslar)<\/option><\/select><svg class=\"pointer-events-none col-start-1 row-start-1 mr-2 size-5 self-center justify-self-end text-gray-500 sm:size-4\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" fill=\"currentColor\" aria-hidden=\"true\" data-slot=\"icon\">\n              <path fill-rule=\"evenodd\" d=\"M4.22 6.22a.75.75 0 0 1 1.06 0L8 8.94l2.72-2.72a.75.75 0 1 1 1.06 1.06l-3.25 3.25a.75.75 0 0 1-1.06 0L4.22 7.28a.75.75 0 0 1 0-1.06Z\" clip-rule=\"evenodd\" \/>\n            <\/svg><\/div><\/div><div class=\"field\" id=\"input-9\"><label for=\"field-9\">\u00d6rneklem verileri<\/label><textarea id=\"field-9\" name=\"rneklem_verileri\">99.2; 98.7; 100.3; 101.1; 99.5; 98.9; 100.8; 99.6; 100.2; 97.9<\/textarea><\/div><div class=\"field\" id=\"input-10\" hidden><label for=\"field-10\">2. \u00f6rneklem verileri<\/label><textarea id=\"field-10\" name=\"2_rneklem_verileri\">98.1; 99.4; 100.9; 97.8; 101.2; 99.9; 98.5; 100.6; 97.2; 99.7<\/textarea><\/div><div class=\"is-single field\" id=\"input-11\" hidden><span class=\"font-semibold\">\u00d6zet istatistikler<\/span><\/div><div class=\"field\" id=\"input-12\" hidden><label for=\"field-12\">\u00d6rneklem ortalamas\u0131 (x\u0304)<\/label><input type=\"number\" name=\"rneklem_ortalamas_x\" id=\"field-12\" step=\"any\" value=\"99.62\"\/><\/div><div class=\"field\" id=\"input-13\" hidden><label for=\"field-13\">\u00d6rneklem standart sapmas\u0131 (s)<\/label><input type=\"text\" name=\"rneklem_standart_sapmas_s\" id=\"field-13\" aria-describedby=\"calc-info-13\" data-number inputmode=\"decimal\" autocomplete=\"off\" spellcheck=\"false\" min=\"0\" value=\"0.99\"\/><small id=\"calc-info-13\">\u00d6rneklem standart sapmas\u0131 (paydada n \u2212 1).<\/small><\/div><div class=\"field\" id=\"input-14\" hidden><label for=\"field-14\">\u00d6rneklem b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc (n)<\/label><input type=\"text\" name=\"rneklem_bykl_n\" id=\"field-14\" data-number inputmode=\"decimal\" autocomplete=\"off\" spellcheck=\"false\" min=\"2\" value=\"10\"\/><\/div><div class=\"field\" id=\"input-15\" hidden><label for=\"field-15\">2. \u00f6rneklem ortalamas\u0131 (x\u0304\u2082)<\/label><input type=\"number\" name=\"2_rneklem_ortalamas_x\" id=\"field-15\" step=\"any\" value=\"99.23\"\/><\/div><div class=\"field\" id=\"input-16\" hidden><label for=\"field-16\">2. \u00f6rneklem standart sapmas\u0131 (s\u2082)<\/label><input type=\"text\" name=\"2_rneklem_standart_sapmas_s\" id=\"field-16\" data-number inputmode=\"decimal\" autocomplete=\"off\" spellcheck=\"false\" min=\"0\" value=\"1.32\"\/><\/div><div class=\"field\" id=\"input-17\" hidden><label for=\"field-17\">2. \u00f6rneklem b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc (n\u2082)<\/label><input type=\"text\" name=\"2_rneklem_bykl_n\" id=\"field-17\" data-number inputmode=\"decimal\" autocomplete=\"off\" spellcheck=\"false\" min=\"2\" value=\"10\"\/><\/div><\/fieldset><div class=\"buttons\"><button type=\"submit\" data-text=\"Yeniden hesapla\" id=\"calculate-button\" data-post=\"778\">Hesapla<\/button><button type=\"reset\">S\u0131f\u0131rla<\/button><\/div><div class=\"field is-checkbox hidden!\" id=\"field-auto-calc\"><input type=\"checkbox\" id=\"auto-calc\"><label for=\"auto-calc\">Otomatik hesapla<\/label><small>Etkinle\u015ftirilirse, herhangi bir de\u011feri de\u011fi\u015ftirdi\u011finizde sonu\u00e7 otomatik olarak g\u00fcncellenir.<\/small><\/div><div class=\"fieldset-result is-hidden\" aria-labelledby=\"result-title\" aria-live=\"polite\" role=\"region\"> <h3 class=\"result-title bg-gradient-to-r from-primary-50 to-gray-50 dark:from-primary-900 dark:to-gray-800\" id=\"result-title\"><span class=\"icon icon-s-pulse\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span> Test sonu\u00e7lar\u0131<\/h3><div class=\"result-box\"><div class=\"field-result\" id=\"output-1\"><span class=\"field-title\"><span>t istatisti\u011fi<\/span><span class=\"result-term\">t<\/span><\/span><span class=\"field-value\" id=\"result-1\"><\/span><button type=\"button\" class=\"copy-result\" data-tooltip=\"Sonucu kopyala\" aria-label=\"Sonucu kopyala\"><span class=\"copy-icon icon icon-document-copy\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><\/button><\/div><div class=\"field-result\" id=\"output-2\"><span class=\"field-title\"><span>Serbestlik derecesi<\/span><span class=\"result-term\">df<\/span><\/span><span class=\"field-value\" id=\"result-2\"><\/span><button type=\"button\" class=\"copy-result\" data-tooltip=\"Sonucu kopyala\" aria-label=\"Sonucu kopyala\"><span class=\"copy-icon icon icon-document-copy\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><\/button><\/div><div class=\"field-result\" id=\"output-3\"><span class=\"field-title\"><span>p de\u011feri<\/span><\/span><span class=\"field-value\" id=\"result-3\"><\/span><button type=\"button\" class=\"copy-result\" data-tooltip=\"Sonucu kopyala\" aria-label=\"Sonucu kopyala\"><span class=\"copy-icon icon icon-document-copy\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><\/button><\/div><div class=\"field-result is-column\" id=\"output-4\"><span class=\"field-title\"><span>Sonu\u00e7<\/span><\/span><span class=\"field-value\" id=\"result-4\"><\/span><button type=\"button\" class=\"copy-result\" data-tooltip=\"Sonucu kopyala\" aria-label=\"Sonucu kopyala\"><span class=\"copy-icon icon icon-document-copy\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><\/button><\/div><\/div><div class=\"result-actions\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"copy-link\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 20 20\" fill=\"currentColor\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M12.232 4.232a2.5 2.5 0 0 1 3.536 3.536l-1.225 1.224a.75.75 0 0 0 1.061 1.06l1.224-1.224a4 4 0 0 0-5.656-5.656l-3 3a4 4 0 0 0 .225 5.865.75.75 0 0 0 .977-1.138 2.5 2.5 0 0 1-.142-3.667l3-3Z\"\/><path d=\"M11.603 7.963a.75.75 0 0 0-.977 1.138 2.5 2.5 0 0 1 .142 3.667l-3 3a2.5 2.5 0 0 1-3.536-3.536l1.225-1.224a.75.75 0 0 0-1.061-1.06l-1.224 1.224a4 4 0 1 0 5.656 5.656l3-3a4 4 0 0 0-.225-5.865Z\"\/><\/svg><span class=\"copy-link__text\">Bu hesaplaman\u0131n ba\u011flant\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 kopyala<\/span><\/button><span class=\"sr-only\" role=\"status\" id=\"copy-link-status\"><\/span><\/div><\/div><a href=\"#respond\" class=\"hidden transition-opacity duration-300 opacity-0 w-50 text-sm justify-center items-center gap-2 px-4 py-2 rounded bg-gray-200 text-gray-700 hover:bg-gray-300\" id=\"leave-comment\"><span class=\"icon icon-comments\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Yorum b\u0131rak<\/a><\/form><\/section><section id=\"calc-reactions\" class=\"not-prose hidden my-12 bg-gradient-to-r from-primary-50 to-gray-50 border border-indigo-100 rounded-xl px-6 py-4 shadow-sm\" data-post=\"778\" aria-live=\"polite\" aria-labelledby=\"calc-reactions-title\"><p id=\"calc-reactions-title\" class=\"text-sm text-gray-500 text-center mb-2\">Bu sonu\u00e7 hakk\u0131nda ne d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyorsunuz?<\/p><div role=\"group\" aria-labelledby=\"calc-reactions-title\" class=\"grid grid-cols-3 sm:flex sm:flex-row sm:justify-around gap-4 sm:items-center sm:flex-wrap\"><button type=\"button\" aria-pressed=\"false\" class=\"reaction-btn flex flex-col items-center gap-1 text-sm text-gray-700 hover:text-primary-600 cursor-pointer transition-transform hover:scale-105\" data-reaction=\"like\"><span class=\"reaction-count\" data-reaction-count=\"like\">0<\/span><span class=\"reaction text-3xl\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\ud83d\ude00 <\/span><span class=\"reaction-description font-medium\">Be\u011fendim <\/span><\/button><button type=\"button\" aria-pressed=\"false\" class=\"reaction-btn flex flex-col items-center gap-1 text-sm text-gray-700 hover:text-primary-600 cursor-pointer transition-transform hover:scale-105\" data-reaction=\"helpful\"><span class=\"reaction-count\" data-reaction-count=\"helpful\">0<\/span><span class=\"reaction text-3xl\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\ud83d\udca1 <\/span><span class=\"reaction-description font-medium\">Faydal\u0131 <\/span><\/button><button type=\"button\" aria-pressed=\"false\" class=\"reaction-btn flex flex-col items-center gap-1 text-sm text-gray-700 hover:text-primary-600 cursor-pointer transition-transform hover:scale-105\" data-reaction=\"confused\"><span class=\"reaction-count\" data-reaction-count=\"confused\">0<\/span><span class=\"reaction text-3xl\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\ud83d\ude15 <\/span><span class=\"reaction-description font-medium\">Kafam kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131 <\/span><\/button><button type=\"button\" aria-pressed=\"false\" class=\"reaction-btn flex flex-col items-center gap-1 text-sm text-gray-700 hover:text-primary-600 cursor-pointer transition-transform hover:scale-105\" data-reaction=\"disappointed\"><span class=\"reaction-count\" data-reaction-count=\"disappointed\">0<\/span><span class=\"reaction text-3xl\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\ud83d\ude1e <\/span><span class=\"reaction-description font-medium\">Hayal k\u0131r\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131 <\/span><\/button><button type=\"button\" aria-pressed=\"false\" class=\"reaction-btn flex flex-col items-center gap-1 text-sm text-gray-700 hover:text-primary-600 cursor-pointer transition-transform hover:scale-105\" data-reaction=\"inaccurate\"><span class=\"reaction-count\" data-reaction-count=\"inaccurate\">0<\/span><span class=\"reaction text-3xl\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\u274c <\/span><span class=\"reaction-description font-medium\">Hatal\u0131 <\/span><\/button><\/div><div id=\"reaction-message\" class=\"hidden mt-8 rounded-md border border-primary-100 bg-white\/50 backdrop-blur-sm px-4 py-2 text-sm text-center shadow-sm\"><\/div><\/section><div class=\"calcdash-ad not-prose calcdash-ad--calc_result calcdash-ad--in-article\"><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-1721569815777345\" data-ad-slot=\"6317458308\" data-ad-layout=\"in-article\" data-ad-format=\"fluid\"><\/ins><script>(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});<\/script><\/div>\n<style id=\"wpcoderpro-inline-1\">.formula-box {\r\n\tborder-bottom: none !important;\r\n}<\/style><section class=\"formula-box\" aria-labelledby=\"formula-title\">\r\n\t<div id=\"formula-title\" class=\"not-prose font-display mb-4\"><span class=\"icon icon-formula\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><h2>T-Testi Form\u00fcl\u00fc<\/h2><\/div>\r\n\t<figure class=\"not-prose formula\">\r\n\t\t<figcaption class=\"formula-title\">Form\u00fcl<\/figcaption>\r\n\t\t<div class=\"text-base text-gray-800\" id=\"formula\">\\[ \\text{Tek \u00f6rneklem: } t = \\frac{\\bar{x} - \\mu_0}{s\/\\sqrt{n}}, \\quad df = n - 1 \\qquad \\text{\u0130ki \u00f6rneklem (Welch): } t = \\frac{\\bar{x}_1 - \\bar{x}_2}{\\sqrt{\\dfrac{s_1^2}{n_1} + \\dfrac{s_2^2}{n_2}}} \\qquad df = \\frac{\\left(\\dfrac{s_1^2}{n_1} + \\dfrac{s_2^2}{n_2}\\right)^2}{\\dfrac{s_1^4}{n_1^2(n_1 - 1)} + \\dfrac{s_2^4}{n_2^2(n_2 - 1)}} \\]<\/div>\r\n\t<\/figure>\r\n\t<\/p>\n<p><strong>Burada:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\\(\\bar{x}\\) \u2014 \u00f6rneklem ortalamas\u0131<\/li>\n<li>\\(\\mu_0\\) \u2014 H<sub>0<\/sub> alt\u0131ndaki varsay\u0131lan kitle ortalamas\u0131<\/li>\n<li>\\(s\\) \u2014 \u00f6rneklem standart sapmas\u0131 (paydada \\(n - 1\\) ile)<\/li>\n<li>\\(n\\) \u2014 \u00f6rneklem b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc<\/li>\n<li>\\(\\bar{x}_1, \\bar{x}_2\\), \\(s_1, s_2\\), \\(n_1, n_2\\) \u2014 iki ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z \u00f6rneklemin ortalamalar\u0131, standart sapmalar\u0131 ve b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fckleri<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>t istatisti\u011fi, \u00f6rneklem ortalamas\u0131n\u0131n H<sub>0<\/sub> alt\u0131nda varsay\u0131lan de\u011ferden ka\u00e7 standart hata uzakta oldu\u011funu \u00f6l\u00e7er. p-de\u011ferini elde etmek i\u00e7in \\(df\\) serbestlik derecesine sahip Student t da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m\u0131yla kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r: p-de\u011feri, H<sub>0<\/sub> do\u011fru olsayd\u0131 en az bu kadar u\u00e7uk bir sonucu g\u00f6zlemleme olas\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131d\u0131r. \u0130ki kuyruklu test i\u00e7in \\(p = 2\\,P(T_{df} \\ge |t|)\\); tek kuyruklu testlerde tek kuyruk kullan\u0131l\u0131r. \u0130ki \u00f6rneklem i\u00e7in birle\u015ftirilmi\u015f varyans se\u00e7ene\u011fi i\u015faretlenirse, standart hata birle\u015ftirilmi\u015f \\(s_p^2\\) varyans\u0131n\u0131 kullan\u0131r ve \\(df = n_1 + n_2 - 2\\) olur.<\/p>\n<p>\r\n<\/section>\n<style id=\"wpcoderpro-inline-2\">.calculation-box {\r\n\tborder-bottom: none !important;\r\n}<\/style><section id=\"calculation\" class=\"calculation-box\" aria-labelledby=\"calculation-title\">\r\n\t<div id=\"calculation-title\" class=\"not-prose font-display\"><span class=\"icon icon-unordered-list\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><h2>T-Testi \u2013 Hesaplama \u00d6rne\u011fi<\/h2><\/div>\r\n\r\n<p>{shortcode_start}<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00d6rnek:<\/strong> bir makinenin \u015fi\u015feleri 100 ml'ye kadar doldurmas\u0131 gerekiyor. On dolum hacmi \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fcyor: 99,2; 98,7; 100,3; 101,1; 99,5; 98,9; 100,8; 99,6; 100,2; 97,9. Ortalama dolum, \\(\\alpha = 0.05\\) d\u00fczeyinde 100 ml'den farkl\u0131 m\u0131? (Bunlar hesaplama arac\u0131n\u0131n varsay\u0131lan de\u011ferleridir.)<\/p>\n<p>\\[ n = 10, \\quad \\bar{x} = \\frac{996.2}{10} = 99.62, \\quad s = \\sqrt{\\frac{\\sum (x_i - \\bar{x})^2}{n - 1}} \\approx 0.994 \\]<\/p>\n<p>\\[ t = \\frac{99.62 - 100}{0.994\/\\sqrt{10}} = \\frac{-0.38}{0.314} \\approx -1.209, \\quad df = 10 - 1 = 9 \\]<\/p>\n<p>\\[ p = 2\\,P(T_9 \\ge |-1.209|) \\approx 0.258 \\]<\/p>\n<p><strong>Sonu\u00e7:<\/strong> \\(t \\approx -1.209\\), \\(df = 9\\), \\(p \\approx 0.258\\). \\(p &gt; 0.05\\) oldu\u011fundan H<sub>0<\/sub>'\u0131 reddedemeyiz: ortalama dolumun 100 ml'den farkl\u0131 oldu\u011funa dair istatistiksel olarak anlaml\u0131 bir kan\u0131t yoktur.<\/p>\n<p>{\/shortcode_start}<\/p>\n\r\n<\/section>\n<h2>T-Testi Hesaplama Arac\u0131 Nas\u0131l Kullan\u0131l\u0131r<\/h2>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>Test ayarlar\u0131<\/strong> alt\u0131nda <strong>Test t\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc<\/strong> se\u00e7in: tek \u00f6rneklemli (bir \u00f6rneklem ortalamas\u0131n\u0131 varsay\u0131lan bir de\u011ferle kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131n) veya iki \u00f6rneklemli (iki ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z \u00f6rneklem ortalamas\u0131n\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131n).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Alternatif hipotezi (H<sub>1<\/sub>)<\/strong> se\u00e7in \u2014 iki kuyruklu (\\(\\neq\\)), sa\u011f kuyruklu (\\(&gt;\\)) veya sol kuyruklu (\\(&lt;\\)) \u2014 ve <strong>anlaml\u0131l\u0131k d\u00fczeyini (\\(\\alpha\\))<\/strong> belirleyin: 0,05, 0,01 veya 0,10.<\/li>\n<li>Tek \u00f6rneklemli test i\u00e7in <strong>varsay\u0131lan ortalamay\u0131 (\\(\\mu_0\\))<\/strong> girin.<\/li>\n<li>\u0130ki \u00f6rneklemli test i\u00e7in <strong>variance varsay\u0131m\u0131n\u0131<\/strong> se\u00e7in: Welch (e\u015fit olmayan varyanslar, daha g\u00fcvenli varsay\u0131lan) veya birle\u015ftirilmi\u015f (e\u015fit varyanslar).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Giri\u015f modunu<\/strong> ayarlay\u0131n. <em>Ham veri<\/em> ile de\u011ferlerinizi <strong>\u00f6rneklem verisi<\/strong> alan\u0131na (iki \u00f6rneklemli testte ayr\u0131ca <strong>2. \u00f6rneklem verisi<\/strong> alan\u0131na) bo\u015fluklar, noktal\u0131 virg\u00fcller veya sat\u0131r sonlar\u0131yla ay\u0131rarak yap\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131n. <em>\u00d6zet istatistikler<\/em> ile her \u00f6rneklem i\u00e7in ortalama, standart sapma ve \u00f6rneklem b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc girin.<\/li>\n<li><strong>t istatisti\u011fini<\/strong>, <strong>serbestlik derecesini<\/strong>, <strong>p-de\u011ferini<\/strong> ve H<sub>0<\/sub>'\u0131n se\u00e7ti\u011finiz \\(\\alpha\\) d\u00fczeyinde reddedilip edilmedi\u011fini belirten <strong>Sonucu<\/strong> okuyun.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2>T-Testi Nedir ve Sonu\u00e7 Nas\u0131l Yorumlan\u0131r<\/h2>\n<p>t-testi, kitle standart sapmas\u0131n\u0131n bilinmedi\u011fi ve \u00f6rneklemden tahmin edilmesi gerekti\u011fi durumlarda bir ortalamay\u0131 (veya iki ortalama aras\u0131ndaki fark\u0131) iddia edilen bir de\u011ferle kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131ran istatistiksel bir hipotez testidir. Bu, bilimde, kalite kontrol\u00fcnde, t\u0131pta ve A\/B testlerinde k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck veri setleriyle kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131lan tipik durumdur. Elde edilen t istatisti\u011fi, g\u00f6zlenen fark\u0131 standart hata birimleriyle ifade eder; s\u0131f\u0131rdan uzak de\u011ferler, verinin s\u0131f\u0131r hipoteziyle \u00e7eli\u015fti\u011fini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fcr\u00fcr.<\/p>\n<p><strong>p-de\u011feri<\/strong> \u015fu soruyu yan\u0131tlar: s\u0131f\u0131r hipotezi do\u011fru olsayd\u0131, g\u00f6zlenenden en az kadar u\u00e7uk bir sonu\u00e7 alma olas\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 nedir? K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir p-de\u011feri, verinin H<sub>0<\/sub> alt\u0131nda \u015fa\u015f\u0131rt\u0131c\u0131 olaca\u011f\u0131 anlam\u0131na gelir ve buna kar\u015f\u0131 kan\u0131t sa\u011flar. Geleneksel olarak, \\(p \\le \\alpha\\) oldu\u011funda (genellikle 0,05) sonu\u00e7 <em>istatistiksel olarak anlaml\u0131<\/em> kabul edilir ve H<sub>0<\/sub> reddedilir. B\u00fcy\u00fck bir p-de\u011feri H<sub>0<\/sub>'\u0131n do\u011fru oldu\u011funu kan\u0131tlamaz \u2014 yaln\u0131zca buna kar\u015f\u0131 yeterli kan\u0131t olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 anlam\u0131na gelir.<\/p>\n<p>Kuyruk y\u00f6n\u00fcn\u00fc ara\u015ft\u0131rma sorunuza g\u00f6re se\u00e7in. <strong>\u0130ki kuyruklu<\/strong> test herhangi bir fark\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131r (\\(\\mu \\ne \\mu_0\\)). <strong>Sa\u011f kuyruklu<\/strong> test ortalaman\u0131n varsay\u0131lan de\u011ferden b\u00fcy\u00fck olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, <strong>sol kuyruklu<\/strong> test ise k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 sorar. Tek kuyruklu testler se\u00e7ilen y\u00f6nde daha g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fcd\u00fcr, ancak gerek\u00e7elendirilmeleri veriye bakmadan \u00f6nce yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olmal\u0131d\u0131r \u2014 sonradan kuyruk de\u011fi\u015ftirmek yanl\u0131\u015f pozitif oran\u0131n\u0131 \u015fi\u015firir.<\/p>\n<p>\u0130ki ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z \u00f6rneklem i\u00e7in hesaplama arac\u0131 varsay\u0131lan olarak Welch testini sunar. Bu test e\u015fit varyanslar varsaymaz ve serbestlik derecesi i\u00e7in Welch\u2013Satterthwaite yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 kullan\u0131r; iki \u00f6rneklemin farkl\u0131 yay\u0131l\u0131m veya b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fckleri oldu\u011funda bu daha g\u00fcvenilirdir. Birle\u015ftirilmi\u015f s\u00fcr\u00fcm, yaln\u0131zca kitlelerin e\u015fit varyanslara sahip oldu\u011funa inan\u0131l\u0131yorsa uygundur.<\/p>\n<h2>Varsay\u0131mlar, S\u0131n\u0131rlamalar ve Pratik \u0130pu\u00e7lar\u0131<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Normallik:<\/strong> t-testi, temeldeki kitlein (veya art\u0131klar\u0131n) kabaca normal da\u011f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 varsayar. K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck \u00f6rneklemelerde histogram veya normallik grafi\u011fi kontrol edin; b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6rneklemelerde (kabaca \\(n \\ge 30\\)), merkezi limit teoremi testi orta d\u00fczeydeki normallikten sapmalara kar\u015f\u0131 dayan\u0131kl\u0131 k\u0131lar. Ayk\u0131r\u0131 de\u011ferler i\u00e7eren a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 \u00e7arp\u0131k veriler i\u00e7in parametrik olmayan bir alternatif gerekir.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k:<\/strong> g\u00f6zlemler birbirinden ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z olmal\u0131d\u0131r. E\u015fle\u015ftirilmi\u015f veya tekrarl\u0131 \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm verileri (ayn\u0131 deneklerde \u00f6ncesi\/sonras\u0131) iki \u00f6rneklemli testle analiz edilmemelidir \u2014 bunun yerine farklar \u00fczerinde tek \u00f6rneklemli bir test kullan\u0131n.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u00d6rneklem b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc:<\/strong> her \u00f6rneklemde en az 2 de\u011fer gerekir ve de\u011ferlerin tamam\u0131 \u00f6zde\u015f olmamal\u0131d\u0131r (SS = 0). K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck \u00f6rneklemeler geni\u015f belirsizlik verir; bu y\u00fczden anlams\u0131z bir sonu\u00e7 yaln\u0131zca d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck g\u00fc\u00e7 yans\u0131t\u0131yor olabilir \u2014 bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma planlarken <a href=\"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/istatistik\/orneklem-buyuklugu-hesaplama\/\">\u00d6rneklem B\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc Hesaplama Arac\u0131<\/a>'na bak\u0131n.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Anlaml\u0131l\u0131k ile \u00f6nem:<\/strong> \u00e7ok k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir p-de\u011feri yaln\u0131zca fark\u0131n s\u0131f\u0131r olma olas\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yler, fark\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck veya pratikte anlaml\u0131 oldu\u011funu de\u011fil. Her zaman etki b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc raporlay\u0131n ve ortalama fark\u0131n makul aral\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6rmek i\u00e7in testi bir <a href=\"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/istatistik\/guven-araligi-hesaplama\/\">G\u00fcven Aral\u0131\u011f\u0131 Hesaplama Arac\u0131<\/a> ile tamamlay\u0131n.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Ham veri ile \u00f6zet istatistikler:<\/strong> ham veri, hesaplama arac\u0131n\u0131n ortalama ve SS'yi sizin i\u00e7in hesaplamas\u0131na izin verir (\\(n-1\\) paydal\u0131); \u00f6zet modu, yay\u0131nlanm\u0131\u015f sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 okurken kullan\u0131\u015fl\u0131d\u0131r. Tek tek de\u011ferleri kontrol etmek i\u00e7in <a href=\"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/istatistik\/standart-sapma-hesaplama\/\">Standart Sapma Hesaplama Arac\u0131<\/a> ve (bilinen \\(\\sigma\\) veya b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6rneklemeler i\u00e7in) <a href=\"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/istatistik\/z-skoru-hesaplama\/\">Z-Skoru Hesaplama Arac\u0131<\/a> faydal\u0131 yard\u0131mc\u0131lard\u0131r.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Ham verilerden veya \u00f6zet istatistiklerden tek \u00f6rneklemli veya iki \u00f6rneklemli t-testi hesaplay\u0131n. De\u011ferlerinizi girin, alternatif hipotezi ve anlaml\u0131l\u0131k d\u00fczeyini se\u00e7in; t istatisti\u011fini, serbestlik derecesini, p-de\u011ferini ve sonucu al\u0131n.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3168,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[12],"tags":[46],"class_list":["post-778","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-istatistik","tag-hipotez-testi"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/778","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3168"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=778"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/778\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2972,"href":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/778\/revisions\/2972"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=778"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=778"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=778"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}