{"id":849,"date":"2026-10-03T15:50:05","date_gmt":"2026-10-03T14:50:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/z-skoru-hesaplama\/"},"modified":"2026-10-03T15:50:05","modified_gmt":"2026-10-03T14:50:05","slug":"z-skoru-hesaplama","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/istatistik\/z-skoru-hesaplama\/","title":{"rendered":"Z-Skoru Hesaplama"},"content":{"rendered":"<section class=\"not-prose calculator-box\" aria-labelledby=\"calculator-title\"><div class=\"flex items-baseline sm:items-center justify-between gap-2 sm:gap-3\"><div class=\"flex flex-col sm:flex-row sm:items-center gap-2\"><span class=\"icon icon-calculator text-primary-700! text-base! dark:text-primary-300!\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><h2 id=\"calculator-title\" class=\"text-lg font-display font-bold\">Z-Skorunuzu Hesaplay\u0131n<\/h2><\/div><div class=\"calcdash-favorite group\">\n  <button type=\"button\" class=\"favorite\" id=\"favorite\" data-favorite-id=\"849\" data-favorite-title=\"Z-Skoru\" data-favorite-url=\"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/istatistik\/z-skoru-hesaplama\/\" data-favorite-excerpt=\"Herhangi bir ham de\u011feri, ortalamay\u0131 ve standart sapmay\u0131 kullanarak z-skoruna d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fcn ya da hesaplay\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n bunlar\u0131 kendi veri setinizden t\u00fcretmesine izin verin. Ayr\u0131ca y\u00fczdelik dilim ve kuyruk olas\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 da al\u0131rs\u0131n\u0131z.\" aria-label=\"Favorilere ekle\" data-favorite-icon=\"icon icon-wpcalc-distribution-histogram\">\n    <span class=\"icon icon-shape-star-empty\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>\n  <\/button>\n  <div class=\"calcdash-favorite__tip\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n   <span class=\"favorite-tooltip\" id=\"favorite-tooltip\"><\/span>\n  <\/div>\n  <span class=\"sr-only\" role=\"status\" id=\"favorite-status\"><\/span>\n<\/div><\/div><form action=\"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/istatistik\/z-skoru-hesaplama\/\" method=\"POST\" class=\"calculator\" id=\"calculator-849\" data-post=\"849\"><fieldset class=\"fieldset-input is-1\"><legend class=\"sr-only\">Giri\u015f alanlar\u0131<\/legend><div class=\"field\" id=\"input-1\"><label for=\"field-1\">Giri\u015f modu<\/label><div class=\"grid grid-cols-1\"><select id=\"field-1\" name=\"giri_modu\"><option value=\"direct\" selected>Ortalama ve standart sapma biliniyor<\/option><option value=\"data\">Veri setinden<\/option><\/select><svg class=\"pointer-events-none col-start-1 row-start-1 mr-2 size-5 self-center justify-self-end text-gray-500 sm:size-4\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" fill=\"currentColor\" aria-hidden=\"true\" data-slot=\"icon\">\n              <path fill-rule=\"evenodd\" d=\"M4.22 6.22a.75.75 0 0 1 1.06 0L8 8.94l2.72-2.72a.75.75 0 1 1 1.06 1.06l-3.25 3.25a.75.75 0 0 1-1.06 0L4.22 7.28a.75.75 0 0 1 0-1.06Z\" clip-rule=\"evenodd\" \/>\n            <\/svg><\/div><\/div><div class=\"field has-term\" id=\"input-2\"><label for=\"field-2\">Ham de\u011fer (x)<\/label><div class=\"term\">x<\/div>  <div class=\"absolute bottom-0 left-16 top-8 w-2 h-0.5 bg-blue-500\"><\/div><input type=\"number\" name=\"ham_deer_x\" id=\"field-2\" aria-describedby=\"calc-info-2\" placeholder=\"e.g. 110\" step=\"any\" value=\"110\"\/><small id=\"calc-info-2\">Z-skoruna d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrmek istedi\u011finiz de\u011fer.<\/small><\/div><div class=\"field has-term\" id=\"input-3\" hidden><label for=\"field-3\">Pop\u00fclasyon ortalamas\u0131 (\u03bc)<\/label><div class=\"term\">\u03bc<\/div>  <div class=\"absolute bottom-0 left-16 top-8 w-2 h-0.5 bg-blue-500\"><\/div><input type=\"number\" name=\"poplasyon_ortalamas_\" id=\"field-3\" placeholder=\"e.g. 100\" step=\"any\" value=\"100\"\/><\/div><div class=\"field has-term\" id=\"input-4\" hidden><label for=\"field-4\">Standart sapma (\u03c3)<\/label><div class=\"term\">\u03c3<\/div>  <div class=\"absolute bottom-0 left-16 top-8 w-2 h-0.5 bg-blue-500\"><\/div><input type=\"text\" name=\"standart_sapma_\" id=\"field-4\" aria-describedby=\"calc-info-4\" data-number inputmode=\"decimal\" autocomplete=\"off\" spellcheck=\"false\" placeholder=\"e.g. 15\" min=\"0\" value=\"15\"\/><small id=\"calc-info-4\">0&#039;dan b\u00fcy\u00fck olmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/small><\/div><div class=\"field is-single\" id=\"input-5\" hidden><label for=\"field-5\">Veri seti<\/label><textarea id=\"field-5\" name=\"veri_seti\">85, 90, 95, 100, 105, 110, 115, 120, 125, 130<\/textarea><\/div><\/fieldset><div class=\"buttons\"><button type=\"submit\" data-text=\"Yeniden hesapla\" id=\"calculate-button\" data-post=\"849\">Hesapla<\/button><button type=\"reset\">S\u0131f\u0131rla<\/button><\/div><div class=\"field is-checkbox hidden!\" id=\"field-auto-calc\"><input type=\"checkbox\" id=\"auto-calc\"><label for=\"auto-calc\">Otomatik hesapla<\/label><small>Etkinle\u015ftirilirse, herhangi bir de\u011feri de\u011fi\u015ftirdi\u011finizde sonu\u00e7 otomatik olarak g\u00fcncellenir.<\/small><\/div><div class=\"fieldset-result is-hidden\" aria-labelledby=\"result-title\" aria-live=\"polite\" role=\"region\"> <h3 class=\"result-title bg-gradient-to-r from-primary-50 to-gray-50 dark:from-primary-900 dark:to-gray-800\" id=\"result-title\"><span class=\"icon icon-s-pulse\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span> Sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131z<\/h3><div class=\"result-box\"><div class=\"field-result\" id=\"output-1\"><span class=\"field-title\"><span>Z-skoru<\/span><span class=\"result-term\">z<\/span><\/span><span class=\"field-value\" id=\"result-1\"><\/span><button type=\"button\" class=\"copy-result\" data-tooltip=\"Sonucu kopyala\" aria-label=\"Sonucu kopyala\"><span class=\"copy-icon icon icon-document-copy\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><\/button><\/div><div class=\"field-result\" id=\"output-2\"><span class=\"field-title\"><span>Y\u00fczdelik \u2014 P(X \u2264 x)<\/span><span class=\"result-term\">\u03a6(z)<\/span><\/span><span class=\"field-value\" id=\"result-2\" data-unit=\"%\"><\/span><button type=\"button\" class=\"copy-result\" data-tooltip=\"Sonucu kopyala\" aria-label=\"Sonucu kopyala\"><span class=\"copy-icon icon icon-document-copy\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><\/button><\/div><div class=\"field-result\" id=\"output-3\"><span class=\"field-title\"><span>Daha y\u00fcksek bir de\u011fer olas\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u2014 P(X &gt; x)<\/span><span class=\"result-term\">1 \u2212 \u03a6(z)<\/span><\/span><span class=\"field-value\" id=\"result-3\" data-unit=\"%\"><\/span><button type=\"button\" class=\"copy-result\" data-tooltip=\"Sonucu kopyala\" aria-label=\"Sonucu kopyala\"><span class=\"copy-icon icon icon-document-copy\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><\/button><\/div><div class=\"field-result is-column\" id=\"output-4\"><span class=\"field-title\"><span>Yorum<\/span><\/span><span class=\"field-value\" id=\"result-4\"><\/span><button type=\"button\" class=\"copy-result\" data-tooltip=\"Sonucu kopyala\" aria-label=\"Sonucu kopyala\"><span class=\"copy-icon icon icon-document-copy\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><\/button><\/div><\/div><div class=\"result-actions\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"copy-link\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 20 20\" fill=\"currentColor\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M12.232 4.232a2.5 2.5 0 0 1 3.536 3.536l-1.225 1.224a.75.75 0 0 0 1.061 1.06l1.224-1.224a4 4 0 0 0-5.656-5.656l-3 3a4 4 0 0 0 .225 5.865.75.75 0 0 0 .977-1.138 2.5 2.5 0 0 1-.142-3.667l3-3Z\"\/><path d=\"M11.603 7.963a.75.75 0 0 0-.977 1.138 2.5 2.5 0 0 1 .142 3.667l-3 3a2.5 2.5 0 0 1-3.536-3.536l1.225-1.224a.75.75 0 0 0-1.061-1.06l-1.224 1.224a4 4 0 1 0 5.656 5.656l3-3a4 4 0 0 0-.225-5.865Z\"\/><\/svg><span class=\"copy-link__text\">Bu hesaplaman\u0131n ba\u011flant\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 kopyala<\/span><\/button><span class=\"sr-only\" role=\"status\" id=\"copy-link-status\"><\/span><\/div><\/div><a href=\"#respond\" class=\"hidden transition-opacity duration-300 opacity-0 w-50 text-sm justify-center items-center gap-2 px-4 py-2 rounded bg-gray-200 text-gray-700 hover:bg-gray-300\" id=\"leave-comment\"><span class=\"icon icon-comments\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Yorum b\u0131rak<\/a><\/form><\/section><section id=\"calc-reactions\" class=\"not-prose hidden my-12 bg-gradient-to-r from-primary-50 to-gray-50 border border-indigo-100 rounded-xl px-6 py-4 shadow-sm\" data-post=\"849\" aria-live=\"polite\" aria-labelledby=\"calc-reactions-title\"><p id=\"calc-reactions-title\" class=\"text-sm text-gray-500 text-center mb-2\">Bu sonu\u00e7 hakk\u0131nda ne d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyorsunuz?<\/p><div role=\"group\" aria-labelledby=\"calc-reactions-title\" class=\"grid grid-cols-3 sm:flex sm:flex-row sm:justify-around gap-4 sm:items-center sm:flex-wrap\"><button type=\"button\" aria-pressed=\"false\" class=\"reaction-btn flex flex-col items-center gap-1 text-sm text-gray-700 hover:text-primary-600 cursor-pointer transition-transform hover:scale-105\" data-reaction=\"like\"><span class=\"reaction-count\" data-reaction-count=\"like\">0<\/span><span class=\"reaction text-3xl\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\ud83d\ude00 <\/span><span class=\"reaction-description font-medium\">Be\u011fendim <\/span><\/button><button type=\"button\" aria-pressed=\"false\" class=\"reaction-btn flex flex-col items-center gap-1 text-sm text-gray-700 hover:text-primary-600 cursor-pointer transition-transform hover:scale-105\" data-reaction=\"helpful\"><span class=\"reaction-count\" data-reaction-count=\"helpful\">0<\/span><span class=\"reaction text-3xl\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\ud83d\udca1 <\/span><span class=\"reaction-description font-medium\">Faydal\u0131 <\/span><\/button><button type=\"button\" aria-pressed=\"false\" class=\"reaction-btn flex flex-col items-center gap-1 text-sm text-gray-700 hover:text-primary-600 cursor-pointer transition-transform hover:scale-105\" data-reaction=\"confused\"><span class=\"reaction-count\" data-reaction-count=\"confused\">0<\/span><span class=\"reaction text-3xl\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\ud83d\ude15 <\/span><span class=\"reaction-description font-medium\">Kafam kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131 <\/span><\/button><button type=\"button\" aria-pressed=\"false\" class=\"reaction-btn flex flex-col items-center gap-1 text-sm text-gray-700 hover:text-primary-600 cursor-pointer transition-transform hover:scale-105\" data-reaction=\"disappointed\"><span class=\"reaction-count\" data-reaction-count=\"disappointed\">0<\/span><span class=\"reaction text-3xl\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\ud83d\ude1e <\/span><span class=\"reaction-description font-medium\">Hayal k\u0131r\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131 <\/span><\/button><button type=\"button\" aria-pressed=\"false\" class=\"reaction-btn flex flex-col items-center gap-1 text-sm text-gray-700 hover:text-primary-600 cursor-pointer transition-transform hover:scale-105\" data-reaction=\"inaccurate\"><span class=\"reaction-count\" data-reaction-count=\"inaccurate\">0<\/span><span class=\"reaction text-3xl\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\u274c <\/span><span class=\"reaction-description font-medium\">Hatal\u0131 <\/span><\/button><\/div><div id=\"reaction-message\" class=\"hidden mt-8 rounded-md border border-primary-100 bg-white\/50 backdrop-blur-sm px-4 py-2 text-sm text-center shadow-sm\"><\/div><\/section><div class=\"calcdash-ad not-prose calcdash-ad--calc_result calcdash-ad--in-article\"><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-1721569815777345\" data-ad-slot=\"6317458308\" data-ad-layout=\"in-article\" data-ad-format=\"fluid\"><\/ins><script>(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});<\/script><\/div>\n<style id=\"wpcoderpro-inline-1\">.formula-box {\r\n\tborder-bottom: none !important;\r\n}<\/style><section class=\"formula-box\" aria-labelledby=\"formula-title\">\r\n\t<div id=\"formula-title\" class=\"not-prose font-display mb-4\"><span class=\"icon icon-formula\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><h2>Z-Skoru Form\u00fcl\u00fc<\/h2><\/div>\r\n\t<figure class=\"not-prose formula\">\r\n\t\t<figcaption class=\"formula-title\">Form\u00fcl<\/figcaption>\r\n\t\t<div class=\"text-base text-gray-800\" id=\"formula\">\n\\[ z = \\frac{x - \\mu}{\\sigma} \\]<\/div>\r\n\t<\/figure>\r\n\t<\/p>\n<p><strong>Burada:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\\(x\\) \u2014 standartla\u015ft\u0131rmak istedi\u011finiz ham de\u011fer<\/li>\n<li>\\(\\mu\\) \u2014 anak\u00fctle (veya veri setinizin) ortalamas\u0131<\/li>\n<li>\\(\\sigma\\) \u2014 anak\u00fctlenin standart sapmas\u0131 (veya \u00f6rneklem standart sapmas\u0131, \\(s\\))<\/li>\n<li>\\(z\\) \u2014 z-skoru, yani \\(x\\) ile ortalama aras\u0131ndaki standart sapma say\u0131s\u0131<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Form\u00fcl, de\u011ferin ortalamaya olan uzakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6l\u00e7er ve bunu standart sapma birimleriyle ifade eder. Pozitif bir z, de\u011ferin ortalaman\u0131n \u00fczerinde oldu\u011funu; negatif bir z ise alt\u0131nda oldu\u011funu g\u00f6sterir.<\/p>\n<p>\r\n<\/section>\n<style id=\"wpcoderpro-inline-2\">.calculation-box {\r\n\tborder-bottom: none !important;\r\n}<\/style><section id=\"calculation\" class=\"calculation-box\" aria-labelledby=\"calculation-title\">\r\n\t<div id=\"calculation-title\" class=\"not-prose font-display\"><span class=\"icon icon-unordered-list\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><h2>Z-Skoru \u2013 Hesaplama \u00d6rne\u011fi<\/h2><\/div>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00d6rnek:<\/strong> bir s\u0131nav ortalamas\u0131 \\(\\mu = 100\\) ve standart sapmas\u0131 \\(\\sigma = 15\\) olacak \u015fekilde puanlan\u0131yor. Bir \u00f6\u011frenci \\(x = 110\\) al\u0131yor. Bu, ortalaman\u0131n ka\u00e7 standart sapma \u00fczerinde ve hangi y\u00fczdelik dilime kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k geliyor?<\/p>\n<p>\\[ z = \\frac{x - \\mu}{\\sigma} = \\frac{110 - 100}{15} = \\frac{10}{15} \\approx 0.6667 \\]<\/p>\n<p>\\[ \\Phi(0.6667) \\approx 0.7475 \\quad\\Rightarrow\\quad P(X \\le 110) \\approx 74.75\\% \\]<\/p>\n<p><strong>Sonu\u00e7:<\/strong> \\(z \\approx 0.6667\\). Puan, ortalaman\u0131n yakla\u015f\u0131k \u00fc\u00e7te iki standart sapma \u00fczerinde; \u00f6\u011frencilerin yakla\u015f\u0131k %74,75'i 110 puan veya alt\u0131nda al\u0131yor, yakla\u015f\u0131k %25,25'i ise daha y\u00fcksek al\u0131yor.<\/p>\n<p>\n\r\n<\/section>\n<h2>Hesaplay\u0131c\u0131 nas\u0131l kullan\u0131l\u0131r<\/h2>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>Giri\u015f modu<\/strong> a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131r men\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fc a\u00e7\u0131n ve \\(\\mu\\) ile \\(\\sigma\\) de\u011ferlerine zaten sahipseniz <em>Ortalama ve standart sapma biliniyor<\/em>, hesaplay\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n bunlar\u0131 sizin i\u00e7in hesaplamas\u0131n\u0131 istiyorsan\u0131z <em>Veri setinden<\/em> se\u00e7ene\u011fini se\u00e7in.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Ham de\u011fer (x)<\/strong> alan\u0131na, z-skoruna d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrmek istedi\u011finiz de\u011feri girin.<\/li>\n<li>Do\u011frudan modda <strong>Anak\u00fctle ortalamas\u0131 (\u03bc)<\/strong> ve <strong>Standart sapma (\u03c3)<\/strong> alanlar\u0131n\u0131 doldurun. Standart sapma 0'dan b\u00fcy\u00fck olmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li>\n<li>Veri seti modunda say\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 <strong>Veri seti<\/strong> alan\u0131na yap\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131n; virg\u00fcl, bo\u015fluk, noktal\u0131 virg\u00fcl veya sat\u0131r sonu ile ay\u0131rabilirsiniz. En az 2 say\u0131 gerekir ve t\u00fcm say\u0131lar birbirinin ayn\u0131s\u0131 olamaz. Hesaplay\u0131c\u0131 ortalamay\u0131 ve \u00f6rneklem standart sapmas\u0131n\u0131 (\\(n - 1\\) kullanarak) otomatik olarak hesaplar.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Z-skorunu<\/strong>, <strong>y\u00fczdelik dilimi<\/strong> \\(P(X \\le x)\\), daha y\u00fcksek bir de\u011ferin olas\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 \\(P(X &gt; x)\\) ve \u00f6zet tablolu, sade bir dille yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015f <strong>Yorumlama<\/strong> b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc okuyun.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2>Z-skoru ne anlama gelir<\/h2>\n<p>Z-skoru (standart puan olarak da adland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r) basit bir soruyu yan\u0131tlar: bu de\u011fer ne kadar ola\u011fand\u0131\u015f\u0131? Herhangi bir \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm\u00fc, ortalamadan ka\u00e7 standart sapma uzakta oldu\u011funu sorarak ortak bir \u00f6l\u00e7e\u011fe d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fcr. Her da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m\u0131n ham birimleri ortadan kalkt\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in z-skorlar\u0131 tamamen farkl\u0131 \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcmlerden gelen de\u011ferleri kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rman\u0131za olanak tan\u0131r \u2014 \u00f6rne\u011fin 190 cm'lik bir boy mu yoksa 130'luk bir s\u0131nav puan\u0131 m\u0131 kendi kitlesine g\u00f6re daha istisnai.<\/p>\n<p>\u0130\u015faret y\u00f6n\u00fc ta\u015f\u0131r. +2'lik bir z-skoru, de\u011ferin ortalaman\u0131n iki standart sapma \u00fczerinde oldu\u011fu anlam\u0131na gelir; \u22121.5'lik bir z-skoru ise bir bu\u00e7uk standart sapma alt\u0131nda oldu\u011fu anlam\u0131na gelir. Tam olarak 0 olan bir z, de\u011ferin ortalamaya e\u015fit oldu\u011fu anlam\u0131na gelir.<\/p>\n<p>Hesaplay\u0131c\u0131 ayr\u0131ca verilerin normal (Gauss) da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 izledi\u011fi varsay\u0131m\u0131yla z-skorunuzu olas\u0131l\u0131klara d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fcr. Y\u00fczdelik dilim \\(\\Phi(z)\\), sizin de\u011ferinizde veya alt\u0131nda olmas\u0131 beklenen de\u011ferlerin pay\u0131d\u0131r; \\(1 - \\Phi(z)\\) ise \u00fczerinde olmas\u0131 beklenen payd\u0131r. Yukar\u0131daki \u00f6rnek i\u00e7in \\(z = 0.6667\\), de\u011feri yakla\u015f\u0131k 75. y\u00fczdelik dilime yerle\u015ftirir \u2014 iyi ama istisnai olmayan bir sonu\u00e7.<\/p>\n<h2>Z-skorunun ne kadar u\u00e7 oldu\u011fu nas\u0131l yorumlan\u0131r<\/h2>\n<p>Normal da\u011f\u0131l\u0131mlar i\u00e7in bilinen 68\u201395\u201399.7 kural\u0131 h\u0131zl\u0131 referans noktalar\u0131 verir:<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>|z| aral\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/th>\n<th>Anlam\u0131<\/th>\n<th>Bu kadar u\u00e7 veya daha u\u00e7 de\u011ferlerin pay\u0131<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>1'in alt\u0131nda<\/td>\n<td>Tipik \u2014 ortalaman\u0131n 1 standart sapmas\u0131 i\u00e7inde<\/td>\n<td>\u2248 %32<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>1 ile 2 aras\u0131<\/td>\n<td>Bir miktar seyrek<\/td>\n<td>\u2248 %27<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>2 ile 3 aras\u0131<\/td>\n<td>Ola\u011fand\u0131\u015f\u0131<\/td>\n<td>\u2248 %4.6<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>3 veya daha fazla<\/td>\n<td>\u00c7ok ola\u011fand\u0131\u015f\u0131<\/td>\n<td>%0.3'\u00fcn alt\u0131nda<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u00b13'\u00fc a\u015fan z-skorlar\u0131 genellikle ayk\u0131r\u0131 de\u011fer olarak veya ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmaya de\u011fer sinyaller olarak kabul edilir; ancak \"u\u00e7\" say\u0131lan \u015fey \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z alana ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r \u2014 fizikte bir ke\u015fif i\u00e7in yayg\u0131n e\u015fik 5 sigma'd\u0131r (\\(|z| \\ge 5\\)).<\/p>\n<h2>Varsay\u0131mlar, s\u0131n\u0131rlamalar ve ipu\u00e7lar\u0131<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Y\u00fczdelik dilimler normallik varsayar.<\/strong> Z-skorunun kendisi, tan\u0131ml\u0131 bir ortalamas\u0131 ve standart sapmas\u0131 olan her da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m i\u00e7in ge\u00e7erlidir; ancak y\u00fczdelik dilim ve kuyruk olas\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131 \\(\\Phi(z)\\) yaln\u0131zca veriler yakla\u015f\u0131k olarak normal da\u011f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda do\u011frudur. \u00c7arp\u0131k veriler i\u00e7in, z-skor do\u011fru olsa bile bildirilen olas\u0131l\u0131klar yan\u0131lt\u0131c\u0131 olacakt\u0131r.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u00d6rneklem mi anak\u00fctle mi standart sapmas\u0131.<\/strong> Veri seti modunda hesaplay\u0131c\u0131, Bessel d\u00fczeltmeli \u00f6rneklem standart sapmas\u0131n\u0131 kullan\u0131r (\\(n - 1\\)'e b\u00f6lerek); say\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131z daha b\u00fcy\u00fck bir anak\u00fctleden al\u0131nan bir \u00f6rneklem oldu\u011funda bu do\u011fru se\u00e7imdir. Say\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131z t\u00fcm anak\u00fctle ise, bunun yerine do\u011frudan modda \\(\\sigma\\) de\u011ferini elle girin.<\/li>\n<li><strong>K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck \u00f6rneklem gruplar\u0131 g\u00fcr\u00fclt\u00fcl\u00fcd\u00fcr.<\/strong> Yaln\u0131zca birka\u00e7 de\u011fer varken \u00f6rneklem ortalamas\u0131 ve standart sapmas\u0131 karars\u0131z tahminlerdir; bu y\u00fczden bunlardan hesaplanan z-skorlara temkinle yakla\u015f\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Girdi a\u015famas\u0131nda ayk\u0131r\u0131 de\u011ferlere dikkat edin.<\/strong> Veri setindeki tek bir yanl\u0131\u015f yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015f de\u011fer standart sapmay\u0131 \u015fi\u015firebilir ve di\u011fer herkesin z-skorlar\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrebilir. Yorumlama blo\u011fundaki \u00f6zet tabloyu kontrol edin \u2014 asl\u0131nda kullan\u0131lan ortalamay\u0131, standart sapmay\u0131 ve \u00f6rneklem b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc g\u00f6sterir.<\/li>\n<li><strong>x alan\u0131na z-skorunu de\u011fil, ham de\u011feri girin.<\/strong> Hesaplay\u0131c\u0131 \u00f6zg\u00fcn bir \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm bekler; standartla\u015ft\u0131rmay\u0131 sizin i\u00e7in kendisi hesaplar.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Herhangi bir ham de\u011feri, ortalamay\u0131 ve standart sapmay\u0131 kullanarak z-skoruna d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fcn ya da hesaplay\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n bunlar\u0131 kendi veri setinizden t\u00fcretmesine izin verin. Ayr\u0131ca y\u00fczdelik dilim ve kuyruk olas\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 da al\u0131rs\u0131n\u0131z.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3168,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[12],"tags":[34],"class_list":["post-849","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-istatistik","tag-dagilimlar"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/849","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3168"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=849"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/849\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=849"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=849"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=849"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}