{"id":5048,"date":"2026-10-14T16:57:09","date_gmt":"2026-10-14T13:57:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/uk\/himiia\/kalkuliator-shvydkosti-molekul-hazu\/"},"modified":"2026-10-14T16:57:09","modified_gmt":"2026-10-14T13:57:09","slug":"kalkuliator-shvydkosti-molekul-hazu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/uk\/himiia\/kalkuliator-shvydkosti-molekul-hazu\/","title":{"rendered":"\u041a\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043a\u0443\u043b\u044f\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u0448\u0432\u0438\u0434\u043a\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0456 \u043c\u043e\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0443\u043b \u0433\u0430\u0437\u0443"},"content":{"rendered":"<section class=\"not-prose calculator-box\" aria-labelledby=\"calculator-title\"><div class=\"flex items-baseline sm:items-center justify-between gap-2 sm:gap-3\"><div class=\"flex flex-col sm:flex-row sm:items-center gap-2\"><span class=\"icon icon-calculator text-primary-700! text-base! dark:text-primary-300!\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><h2 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name=\"absolyutna_temperatura_t\" id=\"field-1\" aria-describedby=\"calc-info-1\" data-number inputmode=\"decimal\" autocomplete=\"off\" spellcheck=\"false\" placeholder=\"e.g. 300\" min=\"0\" value=\"300\"\/><div class=\"grid grid-cols-1\"><select id=\"field-2\" name=\"odynytsya\" aria-label=\"\u041e\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0446\u044f\"><option value=\"K\" selected>K<\/option><option value=\"degC\">\u00b0C<\/option><option value=\"degF\">\u00b0F<\/option><\/select><svg class=\"pointer-events-none col-start-1 row-start-1 mr-2 size-5 self-center justify-self-end text-gray-500 sm:size-4\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" fill=\"currentColor\" aria-hidden=\"true\" data-slot=\"icon\">\n              <path fill-rule=\"evenodd\" d=\"M4.22 6.22a.75.75 0 0 1 1.06 0L8 8.94l2.72-2.72a.75.75 0 1 1 1.06 1.06l-3.25 3.25a.75.75 0 0 1-1.06 0L4.22 7.28a.75.75 0 0 1 0-1.06Z\" clip-rule=\"evenodd\" \/>\n            <\/svg><\/div><\/div><small 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class=\"result-box\"><div class=\"field-result\" id=\"output-1\"><span class=\"field-title\"><span>\u0421\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u044f \u043a\u0432\u0430\u0434\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043d\u0430 \u0448\u0432\u0438\u0434\u043a\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044c<\/span><span class=\"result-term\">v_rms<\/span><\/span><span class=\"field-value\" id=\"result-1\"><\/span><button type=\"button\" class=\"copy-result\" data-tooltip=\"\u041a\u043e\u043f\u0456\u044e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0430\u0442\" aria-label=\"\u041a\u043e\u043f\u0456\u044e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0430\u0442\"><span class=\"copy-icon icon icon-document-copy\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><\/button><\/div><div class=\"field-result\" id=\"output-2\"><span class=\"field-title\"><span>\u0421\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u044f \u0448\u0432\u0438\u0434\u043a\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044c<\/span><span class=\"result-term\">v\u0304<\/span><\/span><span class=\"field-value\" id=\"result-2\"><\/span><button type=\"button\" class=\"copy-result\" data-tooltip=\"\u041a\u043e\u043f\u0456\u044e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0430\u0442\" aria-label=\"\u041a\u043e\u043f\u0456\u044e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0430\u0442\"><span class=\"copy-icon icon icon-document-copy\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><\/button><\/div><div class=\"field-result\" id=\"output-3\"><span class=\"field-title\"><span>\u041d\u0430\u0439\u0456\u043c\u043e\u0432\u0456\u0440\u043d\u0456\u0448\u0430 \u0448\u0432\u0438\u0434\u043a\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044c<\/span><span class=\"result-term\">v_p<\/span><\/span><span class=\"field-value\" id=\"result-3\"><\/span><button type=\"button\" class=\"copy-result\" data-tooltip=\"\u041a\u043e\u043f\u0456\u044e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0430\u0442\" aria-label=\"\u041a\u043e\u043f\u0456\u044e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0430\u0442\"><span class=\"copy-icon icon icon-document-copy\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><\/button><\/div><div class=\"field-result\" id=\"output-4\"><span class=\"field-title\"><span>\u0421\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u044f \u0435\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0433\u0456\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0440\u0443\u0445\u0443 \u043d\u0430 \u043c\u043e\u043b\u044c<\/span><span class=\"result-term\">E\/mol<\/span><\/span><span class=\"field-value\" id=\"result-4\"><\/span><button type=\"button\" class=\"copy-result\" data-tooltip=\"\u041a\u043e\u043f\u0456\u044e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0430\u0442\" aria-label=\"\u041a\u043e\u043f\u0456\u044e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0430\u0442\"><span class=\"copy-icon icon icon-document-copy\" 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aria-live=\"polite\" aria-labelledby=\"calc-reactions-title\"><p id=\"calc-reactions-title\" class=\"text-sm text-gray-500 text-center mb-2\">\u042f\u043a \u0432\u0430\u043c \u0446\u0435\u0439 \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0430\u0442?<\/p><div role=\"group\" aria-labelledby=\"calc-reactions-title\" class=\"grid grid-cols-3 sm:flex sm:flex-row sm:justify-around gap-4 sm:items-center sm:flex-wrap\"><button type=\"button\" aria-pressed=\"false\" class=\"reaction-btn flex flex-col items-center gap-1 text-sm text-gray-700 hover:text-primary-600 cursor-pointer transition-transform hover:scale-105\" data-reaction=\"like\"><span class=\"reaction-count\" data-reaction-count=\"like\">0<\/span><span class=\"reaction text-3xl\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\ud83d\ude00 <\/span><span class=\"reaction-description font-medium\">\u041f\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f <\/span><\/button><button type=\"button\" aria-pressed=\"false\" class=\"reaction-btn flex flex-col items-center gap-1 text-sm text-gray-700 hover:text-primary-600 cursor-pointer transition-transform hover:scale-105\" data-reaction=\"helpful\"><span class=\"reaction-count\" data-reaction-count=\"helpful\">0<\/span><span class=\"reaction text-3xl\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\ud83d\udca1 <\/span><span class=\"reaction-description font-medium\">\u041a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u043d\u043e <\/span><\/button><button type=\"button\" aria-pressed=\"false\" class=\"reaction-btn flex flex-col items-center gap-1 text-sm text-gray-700 hover:text-primary-600 cursor-pointer transition-transform hover:scale-105\" data-reaction=\"confused\"><span class=\"reaction-count\" data-reaction-count=\"confused\">0<\/span><span class=\"reaction text-3xl\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\ud83d\ude15 <\/span><span class=\"reaction-description font-medium\">\u041d\u0435\u0437\u0440\u043e\u0437\u0443\u043c\u0456\u043b\u043e <\/span><\/button><button type=\"button\" aria-pressed=\"false\" class=\"reaction-btn flex flex-col items-center gap-1 text-sm text-gray-700 hover:text-primary-600 cursor-pointer transition-transform hover:scale-105\" data-reaction=\"disappointed\"><span class=\"reaction-count\" data-reaction-count=\"disappointed\">0<\/span><span class=\"reaction text-3xl\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\ud83d\ude1e <\/span><span class=\"reaction-description font-medium\">\u0420\u043e\u0437\u0447\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0443\u0454 <\/span><\/button><button type=\"button\" aria-pressed=\"false\" class=\"reaction-btn flex flex-col items-center gap-1 text-sm text-gray-700 hover:text-primary-600 cursor-pointer transition-transform hover:scale-105\" data-reaction=\"inaccurate\"><span class=\"reaction-count\" data-reaction-count=\"inaccurate\">0<\/span><span class=\"reaction text-3xl\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\u274c <\/span><span class=\"reaction-description font-medium\">\u041d\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e <\/span><\/button><\/div><div id=\"reaction-message\" class=\"hidden mt-8 rounded-md border border-primary-100 bg-white\/50 backdrop-blur-sm px-4 py-2 text-sm text-center shadow-sm\"><\/div><\/section><div class=\"calcdash-ad not-prose calcdash-ad--calc_result calcdash-ad--in-article\"><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-1721569815777345\" data-ad-slot=\"6317458308\" data-ad-layout=\"in-article\" data-ad-format=\"fluid\"><\/ins><script>(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});<\/script><\/div>\n<style id=\"wpcoderpro-inline-1\">.formula-box {\r\n\tborder-bottom: none !important;\r\n}<\/style><section class=\"formula-box\" aria-labelledby=\"formula-title\">\r\n\t<div id=\"formula-title\" class=\"not-prose font-display mb-4\"><span class=\"icon icon-formula\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><h2>\u0424\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0443\u043b\u0430 \u0448\u0432\u0438\u0434\u043a\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0456 \u043c\u043e\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0443\u043b \u0433\u0430\u0437\u0443<\/h2><\/div>\r\n\t<figure class=\"not-prose formula\">\r\n\t\t<figcaption class=\"formula-title\">\u0424\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0443\u043b\u0430<\/figcaption>\r\n\t\t<div class=\"text-base text-gray-800\" id=\"formula\">\n\\[ v_{rms} = \\sqrt{\\frac{3RT}{M}} \\qquad \\bar{v} = \\sqrt{\\frac{8RT}{\\pi M}} \\qquad v_p = \\sqrt{\\frac{2RT}{M}} \\qquad E_{mol} = \\frac{3}{2}RT \\]\n<\/div>\r\n\t<\/figure>\r\n\t<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0414\u0435:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\\(v_{rms}\\) \u2014 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u044c\u043e\u043a\u0432\u0430\u0434\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043d\u0430 \u0448\u0432\u0438\u0434\u043a\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044c (m\/s)<\/li>\n<li>\\(\\bar{v}\\) \u2014 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u044f \u0448\u0432\u0438\u0434\u043a\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044c (m\/s)<\/li>\n<li>\\(v_p\\) \u2014 \u043d\u0430\u0439\u0456\u043c\u043e\u0432\u0456\u0440\u043d\u0456\u0448\u0430 \u0448\u0432\u0438\u0434\u043a\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044c (m\/s)<\/li>\n<li>\\(E_{mol}\\) \u2014 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u044f \u043a\u0456\u043d\u0435\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043d\u0430 \u0435\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0433\u0456\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0440\u0443\u0445\u0443 \u043d\u0430 \u043c\u043e\u043b\u044c (J\/mol)<\/li>\n<li>\\(R\\) \u2014 \u0443\u043d\u0456\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430 \u0433\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0430, \\(8.314\\ \\mathrm{J\/(mol\\cdot K)}\\)<\/li>\n<li>\\(T\\) \u2014 \u0430\u0431\u0441\u043e\u043b\u044e\u0442\u043d\u0430 \u0442\u0435\u043c\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0430 (K)<\/li>\n<li>\\(M\\) \u2014 \u043c\u043e\u043b\u044f\u0440\u043d\u0430 \u043c\u0430\u0441\u0430 (kg\/mol)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u0422\u0440\u0438 \u0448\u0432\u0438\u0434\u043a\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0456 \u0432\u0438\u043f\u043b\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0442\u044c \u0456\u0437 \u0440\u043e\u0437\u043f\u043e\u0434\u0456\u043b\u0443 \u041c\u0430\u043a\u0441\u0432\u0435\u043b\u043b\u0430 \u2014 \u0411\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0446\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0456\u0434\u0435\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0433\u0430\u0437\u0443: \\(v_p\\) \u0432\u0456\u0434\u043f\u043e\u0432\u0456\u0434\u0430\u0454 \u043c\u0430\u043a\u0441\u0438\u043c\u0443\u043c\u0443 \u0440\u043e\u0437\u043f\u043e\u0434\u0456\u043b\u0443, \\(\\bar{v}\\) \u2014 \u0446\u0435 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0454 \u043f\u043e \u0432\u0441\u0456\u0445 \u043c\u043e\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0443\u043b\u0430\u0445, \u0430 \\(v_{rms}\\) \u0432\u0438\u043f\u043b\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0454 \u0456\u0437 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u044c\u043e\u0457 \u043a\u0456\u043d\u0435\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0457 \u0435\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0433\u0456\u0457 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0440\u0443\u0445\u0443 \\(\\frac{3}{2}kT\\) \u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u0443 \u043c\u043e\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0443\u043b\u0443. \u0417\u0430\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0436\u0442\u0435: \\(E_{mol}\\) \u0437\u0430\u043b\u0435\u0436\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043b\u0438\u0448\u0435 \u0432\u0456\u0434 \u0442\u0435\u043c\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0438, \u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u0432\u0456\u0434 \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0443 \u0433\u0430\u0437\u0443.<\/p>\n<p>\r\n<\/section>\n<style id=\"wpcoderpro-inline-2\">.calculation-box {\r\n\tborder-bottom: none !important;\r\n}<\/style><section id=\"calculation\" class=\"calculation-box\" aria-labelledby=\"calculation-title\">\r\n\t<div id=\"calculation-title\" class=\"not-prose font-display\"><span class=\"icon icon-unordered-list\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><h2>\u0428\u0432\u0438\u0434\u043a\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043c\u043e\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0443\u043b \u0433\u0430\u0437\u0443 \u2014 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434 \u0440\u043e\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0445\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0443<\/h2><\/div>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u041f\u0440\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434:<\/strong> \u043a\u0438\u0441\u0435\u043d\u044c (O\u2082, \u043c\u043e\u043b\u044f\u0440\u043d\u0430 \u043c\u0430\u0441\u0430 32 g\/mol) \u0437\u0430 300 K \u2014 \u0441\u0430\u043c\u0435 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0456 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0432 \u043a\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043a\u0443\u043b\u044f\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0456 \u0432\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043e \u0437\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u043c\u043e\u0432\u0447\u0443\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f\u043c.<\/p>\n<p>\\[ v_{rms} = \\sqrt{\\frac{3 \\times 8.314 \\times 300}{0.032}} = \\sqrt{233844} \\approx 483.6\\ \\mathrm{m\/s} \\\\ \\bar{v} = \\sqrt{\\frac{8 \\times 8.314 \\times 300}{\\pi \\times 0.032}} \\approx 445.5\\ \\mathrm{m\/s} \\\\ v_p = \\sqrt{\\frac{2 \\times 8.314 \\times 300}{0.032}} \\approx 394.8\\ \\mathrm{m\/s} \\\\ E_{mol} = \\tfrac{3}{2} \\times 8.314 \\times 300 \\approx 3741.5\\ \\mathrm{J\/mol} \\\\ \\\\ ]<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0420\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0430\u0442:<\/strong> \\(v_{rms} \\approx\\) 483,6 m\/s (\u043f\u0440\u0438\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0437\u043d\u043e 1740,8 km\/h), \\(\\bar{v} \\approx\\) 445,5 m\/s, \\(v_p \\approx\\) 394,8 m\/s, \u0430 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u044f \u0435\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0433\u0456\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0440\u0443\u0445\u0443 \u2014 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0437\u043d\u043e 3741,5 J\/mol, \u0442\u043e\u0431\u0442\u043e \u0431\u043b\u0438\u0437\u044c\u043a\u043e 0,064 eV (64 meV) \u043d\u0430 \u043c\u043e\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0443\u043b\u0443.<\/p>\n<p>\n\r\n<\/section>\n<h2>\u042f\u043a \u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0441\u044f \u043a\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043a\u0443\u043b\u044f\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043c<\/h2>\n<ol>\n<li>\u0412\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0456\u0442\u044c <strong>\u0430\u0431\u0441\u043e\u043b\u044e\u0442\u043d\u0443 \u0442\u0435\u043c\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0443 (T)<\/strong> \u0456 \u0432\u0438\u0431\u0435\u0440\u0456\u0442\u044c \u0457\u0457 \u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0446\u044e: K, \u00b0C \u0430\u0431\u043e \u00b0F. \u0417\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0430\u0432\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043d\u043e \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u043a\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0432\u0456\u043d\u0438.<\/li>\n<li>\u0412\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0456\u0442\u044c <strong>\u043c\u043e\u043b\u044f\u0440\u043d\u0443 \u043c\u0430\u0441\u0443 (M)<\/strong> \u0433\u0430\u0437\u0443 \u0442\u0430 \u043e\u0431\u0435\u0440\u0456\u0442\u044c g\/mol \u0430\u0431\u043e kg\/mol. \u0422\u0438\u043f\u043e\u0432\u0456 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f: 2 \u0434\u043b\u044f H\u2082, 28,97 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0456\u0442\u0440\u044f, 32 \u0434\u043b\u044f O\u2082, 44 \u0434\u043b\u044f CO\u2082.<\/li>\n<li>\u0417\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0438: <strong>\u0441\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u044c\u043e\u043a\u0432\u0430\u0434\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043d\u0443 \u0448\u0432\u0438\u0434\u043a\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044c<\/strong>, <strong>\u0441\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u044e \u0448\u0432\u0438\u0434\u043a\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044c<\/strong> \u0456 <strong>\u043d\u0430\u0439\u0456\u043c\u043e\u0432\u0456\u0440\u043d\u0456\u0448\u0443 \u0448\u0432\u0438\u0434\u043a\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044c<\/strong> \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043d\u043e \u0432 m\/s \u0442\u0430 km\/h, \u0430 <strong>\u0441\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u044e \u0435\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0433\u0456\u044e \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0440\u0443\u0445\u0443 \u043d\u0430 \u043c\u043e\u043b\u044c<\/strong> \u2014 \u0443 J\/mol.<\/li>\n<li>\u0423 \u0440\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0456\u043b\u0456 <strong>\u00ab\u0414\u0435\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0456 \u0440\u043e\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0445\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0443\u00bb<\/strong> \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043d\u043e \u043f\u0456\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0456 \u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0430, \u0430 \u0440\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0456\u043b <strong>\u00ab\u041f\u0440\u043e \u043a\u0456\u043d\u0435\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043d\u0443 \u0442\u0435\u043e\u0440\u0456\u044e \u0433\u0430\u0437\u0456\u0432\u00bb<\/strong> \u0441\u0442\u0438\u0441\u043b\u043e \u043e\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0443\u0454 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043f\u0443\u0449\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f, \u043d\u0430 \u044f\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0491\u0440\u0443\u043d\u0442\u0443\u044e\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0443\u043b\u0438.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2>\u0429\u043e \u043e\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u0454 \u0448\u0432\u0438\u0434\u043a\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043c\u043e\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0443\u043b<\/h2>\n<p>\u041c\u043e\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0443\u043b\u0438 \u0433\u0430\u0437\u0443 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0431\u0443\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0442\u044c \u0443 \u0431\u0435\u0437\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0445\u0430\u043e\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0440\u0443\u0441\u0456 \u0439 \u0437\u0456\u0448\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0445\u0443\u044e\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u043c\u0456\u043b\u044c\u044f\u0440\u0434\u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0456\u0432 \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0435\u043a\u0443\u043d\u0434\u0443. \u041e\u0441\u043a\u0456\u043b\u044c\u043a\u0438 \u0437\u0456\u0442\u043a\u043d\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0456\u0439\u043d\u043e \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0437\u043f\u043e\u0434\u0456\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0442\u044c \u0435\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0433\u0456\u044e, \u0448\u0432\u0438\u0434\u043a\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0456 \u043e\u043a\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0438\u0445 \u043c\u043e\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0443\u043b \u043e\u0445\u043e\u043f\u043b\u044e\u044e\u0442\u044c \u0448\u0438\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0434\u0456\u0430\u043f\u0430\u0437\u043e\u043d, \u044f\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u043e\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0443\u0454 \u0440\u043e\u0437\u043f\u043e\u0434\u0456\u043b \u041c\u0430\u043a\u0441\u0432\u0435\u043b\u043b\u0430 \u2014 \u0411\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0446\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0430. \u0417\u0430\u043c\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0449\u043e\u0431 \u0432\u0456\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0436\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u0436\u043d\u0443 \u043c\u043e\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0443\u043b\u0443, \u0437\u0440\u0443\u0447\u043d\u043e \u043e\u0445\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0437\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u0432\u0435\u0441\u044c \u0440\u043e\u0437\u043f\u043e\u0434\u0456\u043b \u043a\u0456\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430 \u0445\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u0448\u0432\u0438\u0434\u043a\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044f\u043c\u0438 \u2014 \u0441\u0430\u043c\u0435 \u0446\u0435 \u0439 \u0440\u043e\u0431\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430\u0448 \u043a\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043a\u0443\u043b\u044f\u0442\u043e\u0440.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u041d\u0430\u0439\u0456\u043c\u043e\u0432\u0456\u0440\u043d\u0456\u0448\u0430 \u0448\u0432\u0438\u0434\u043a\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044c<\/strong> \\(v_p\\) \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043f\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0454 \u043d\u0430 \u043c\u0430\u043a\u0441\u0438\u043c\u0443\u043c \u0440\u043e\u0437\u043f\u043e\u0434\u0456\u043b\u0443: \u0431\u0456\u043b\u044f \u043d\u0435\u0457 \u0440\u0443\u0445\u0430\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0431\u0456\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0435 \u043c\u043e\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0443\u043b, \u043d\u0456\u0436 \u0431\u0456\u043b\u044f \u0431\u0443\u0434\u044c-\u044f\u043a\u043e\u0457 \u0456\u043d\u0448\u043e\u0457. <strong>\u0421\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u044f \u0448\u0432\u0438\u0434\u043a\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044c<\/strong> \\(\\bar{v}\\) \u2014 \u0446\u0435 \u0437\u0432\u0438\u0447\u0430\u0439\u043d\u0435 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0454 \u0430\u0440\u0438\u0444\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043d\u0435 \u043f\u043e \u0432\u0441\u0456\u0445 \u043c\u043e\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0443\u043b\u0430\u0445; \u0441\u0430\u043c\u0435 \u0432\u043e\u043d\u0430 \u043c\u0430\u0454 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0432\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0438\u043d, \u044f\u043a \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0442\u0430 \u0437\u0456\u0442\u043a\u043d\u0435\u043d\u044c \u0456 \u0448\u0432\u0438\u0434\u043a\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0435\u0444\u0443\u0437\u0456\u0457. <strong>\u0421\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u044c\u043e\u043a\u0432\u0430\u0434\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043d\u0430 \u0448\u0432\u0438\u0434\u043a\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044c<\/strong> \\(v_{rms}\\) \u043d\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0454 \u0431\u0456\u043b\u044c\u0448\u043e\u0457 \u0432\u0430\u0433\u0438 \u0448\u0432\u0438\u0434\u0448\u0438\u043c \u043c\u043e\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0443\u043b\u0430\u043c (\u0432\u043e\u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0431\u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u044e\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0456\u0439 \u043a\u0432\u0430\u0434\u0440\u0430\u0442 \u0448\u0432\u0438\u0434\u043a\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0456), \u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0457\u0457 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0438, \u0449\u043e\u0439\u043d\u043e \u0439\u0434\u0435\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e \u0435\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0433\u0456\u044e \u0447\u0438 \u0442\u0438\u0441\u043a \u2014 \u0442\u0430\u043a, \u0442\u0438\u0441\u043a \u0432\u0438\u043f\u043b\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0454 \u0437 \\(PV = \\frac{1}{3}Nm\\overline{v^2}\\).<\/p>\n<p>\u0426\u0456 \u0442\u0440\u0438 \u0448\u0432\u0438\u0434\u043a\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0456 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0436\u0434\u0438 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0431\u0443\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0442\u044c \u0443 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0441\u043f\u0456\u0432\u0432\u0456\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0448\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0456 \\(v_p : \\bar{v} : v_{rms} = \\sqrt{2} : \\sqrt{8\/\\pi} : \\sqrt{3} \\approx 1 : 1.128 : 1.225\\), \u043d\u0435\u0437\u0430\u043b\u0435\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0432\u0456\u0434 \u0433\u0430\u0437\u0443 \u0442\u0430 \u0442\u0435\u043c\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0438. \u0412\u0430\u0440\u0442\u043e \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0430\u043c\u2019\u044f\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u0434\u0432\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0456 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0430 \u043c\u0430\u0441\u0448\u0442\u0430\u0431\u0443\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f: \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0432\u043e\u0454\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0430\u0431\u0441\u043e\u043b\u044e\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0457 \u0442\u0435\u043c\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0438 \u0437\u0431\u0456\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0443\u0454 \u0432\u0441\u0456 \u0448\u0432\u0438\u0434\u043a\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0456 \u0443 \\(\\sqrt{2}\\) \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0430, \u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0432\u043e\u0454\u043d\u043d\u044f \u043c\u043e\u043b\u044f\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0457 \u043c\u0430\u0441\u0438 \u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0448\u0443\u0454 \u0457\u0445 \u0443 \\(\\sqrt{2}\\) \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0430. \u0421\u0430\u043c\u0435 \u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043b\u0435\u0433\u043a\u0456 \u043c\u043e\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0443\u043b\u0438 \u0432\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044e \u0437\u0430 \u043a\u0456\u043c\u043d\u0430\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0457 \u0442\u0435\u043c\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0438 \u043d\u043e\u0441\u044f\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0437\u0456 \u0448\u0432\u0438\u0434\u043a\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044e \u043c\u0430\u0439\u0436\u0435 2000 m\/s, \u0442\u043e\u0434\u0456 \u044f\u043a \u0432\u0430\u0436\u043a\u0456 \u043c\u043e\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0443\u043b\u0438 CO\u2082 \u0437\u0430 \u0442\u0456\u0454\u0457 \u0441\u0430\u043c\u043e\u0457 \u0442\u0435\u043c\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0438 \u0440\u0443\u0445\u0430\u044e\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0456\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0456\u0448\u0435 (m\/s)<\/th>\n<th>\\(\\bar{v}\\) (m\/s)<\/th>\n<th>\\(v_p\\) (m\/s)<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0412\u043e\u0434\u0435\u043d\u044c (H\u2082)<\/td>\n<td>2<\/td>\n<td>1934<\/td>\n<td>1781<\/td>\n<td>1578<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0413\u0435\u043b\u0456\u0439 (He)<\/td>\n<td>4<\/td>\n<td>1367<\/td>\n<td>1259<\/td>\n<td>1116<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0410\u0437\u043e\u0442 (N\u2082)<\/td>\n<td>28<\/td>\n<td>517<\/td>\n<td>476<\/td>\n<td>422<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u041f\u043e\u0432\u0456\u0442\u0440\u044f (\u0441\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0454)<\/td>\n<td>28,97<\/td>\n<td>508<\/td>\n<td>468<\/td>\n<td>415<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u041a\u0438\u0441\u0435\u043d\u044c (O\u2082)<\/td>\n<td>32<\/td>\n<td>484<\/td>\n<td>445<\/td>\n<td>395<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0412\u0443\u0433\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0438\u0439 \u0433\u0430\u0437 (CO\u2082)<\/td>\n<td>44<\/td>\n<td>413<\/td>\n<td>380<\/td>\n<td>337<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u041e\u0441\u043a\u0456\u043b\u044c\u043a\u0438 \u0448\u0432\u0438\u0434\u043a\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043c\u043e\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0443\u043b \u0431\u0435\u0437\u043f\u043e\u0441\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u044c\u043e \u0437\u0430\u043b\u0435\u0436\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0432\u0456\u0434 \u0442\u0435\u043c\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0438, \u0446\u0435\u0439 \u043a\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043a\u0443\u043b\u044f\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u043d\u0438\u043c \u0456 \u043f\u0456\u0434 \u0447\u0430\u0441 \u0432\u0438\u0432\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0437\u0430\u043b\u0435\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0439 \u043c\u0456\u0436 \u0442\u0435\u043c\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u043e\u044e \u0442\u0430 \u0442\u0438\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c, \u044f\u043a-\u043e\u0442 <a href=\"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/uk\/himiia\/kalkuliator-zakonu-hei-liussaka\/\">\u0437\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043d \u0413\u0435\u0439-\u041b\u044e\u0441\u0441\u0430\u043a\u0430<\/a>, \u0430\u0431\u043e \u043c\u0456\u0436 \u043a\u0456\u043b\u044c\u043a\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044e \u0433\u0430\u0437\u0443 \u0442\u0430 \u043e\u0431\u2019\u0454\u043c\u043e\u043c, \u044f\u043a-\u043e\u0442 <a href=\"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/uk\/himiia\/kalkuliator-zakonu-avogadro\/\">\u0437\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043d \u0410\u0432\u043e\u0433\u0430\u0434\u0440\u043e<\/a>. \u0414\u043b\u044f \u0448\u0432\u0438\u0434\u043a\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0439 \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043a\u0446\u0456\u0439, \u0442\u0435\u043c\u043f \u044f\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u043c\u043e\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0443\u043b\u044f\u0440\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u0437\u0456\u0442\u043a\u043d\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f\u043c\u0438, \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043d\u0438\u043c \u0434\u043e\u043f\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f\u043c \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0435 <a href=\"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/uk\/himiia\/kalkuliator-zakonu-shvydkosti-reaktsiyi\/\">\u043a\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043a\u0443\u043b\u044f\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u0437\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0443 \u0448\u0432\u0438\u0434\u043a\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0456 \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043a\u0446\u0456\u0457<\/a>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u041e\u0431\u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u044e\u0454 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u044c\u043e\u043a\u0432\u0430\u0434\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043d\u0443, \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u044e \u0442\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u0439\u0456\u043c\u043e\u0432\u0456\u0440\u043d\u0456\u0448\u0443 \u0448\u0432\u0438\u0434\u043a\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0456 \u043c\u043e\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0443\u043b \u0433\u0430\u0437\u0443 \u0437\u0430 \u0442\u0435\u043c\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u043e\u044e \u0442\u0430 \u043c\u043e\u043b\u044f\u0440\u043d\u043e\u044e \u043c\u0430\u0441\u043e\u044e, \u0430 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0436 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u044e \u0435\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0433\u0456\u044e \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0440\u0443\u0445\u0443 \u043d\u0430 \u043c\u043e\u043b\u044c \u2014 \u0437\u0430 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0443\u043b\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u043a\u0456\u043d\u0435\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0457 \u0442\u0435\u043e\u0440\u0456\u0457.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3168,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[6],"tags":[43],"class_list":["post-5048","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-himiia","tag-gazovi-zakony"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/uk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5048","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/uk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/uk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/uk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3168"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/uk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5048"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/uk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5048\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5970,"href":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/uk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5048\/revisions\/5970"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/uk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5048"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/uk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5048"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wpcalc.com\/uk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5048"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}