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Gross Domestic Product Calculator

This calculator helps you compute Gross Domestic Product (GDP) using the expenditure approach, summing up personal consumption, gross investment, government spending, and net exports. It’s ideal for students, analysts, and economists tracking economic performance.

GDP (Expenditure Method) Calculator

Input Fields
C
$
Spending by households on goods and services
I
$
Total investment in capital goods (business spending)
G
$
Expenditures by government on goods and services
X
$
Total value of goods and services sold abroad
M
$
Total value of goods and services bought from abroad
If enabled, the result will update automatically when you change any value.

Gross Domestic Product Formula

Formula
$$\text{GDP} = C + I + G + (X – M)$$

Where:

  • $$C$$ = Personal Consumption
  • $$I$$ = Gross Investment
  • $$G$$ = Government Consumption
  • $$X$$ = Exports
  • $$M$$ = Imports

Explanation:
This is the **expenditure approach** to GDP, which calculates the total market value of all final goods and services produced within a country’s borders in a given period.


Gross Domestic Product is a fundamental indicator of a country’s economic health. The expenditure approach focuses on demand-side components: household spending, business investment, public sector expenditure, and net exports.

Example Variables:

  • Personal Consumption (C): $10 trillion
  • Gross Investment (I): $3 trillion
  • Government Consumption (G): $4 trillion
  • Exports (X): $2 trillion
  • Imports (M): $1.5 trillion
  • GDP = 10 + 3 + 4 + (2 – 1.5) = $17.5 trillion

Use Cases:

  • Economic research and education
  • Comparing country performance
  • Financial and policy decision-making
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